Operating hazard analysis preparing

Common hazard analysis tasks include the preparation of a preliminary hazard analysis, systems and subsystem hazard analyses, and an operating hazard analysis. These tasks also aid in the hazard control and hazard reduction effort. 

The MORT tools and techniques can be helpful in preparing a safety analysis report (SAR), the upstream safety product most frequently required for new DOE programs, but the more common system safety products (system safety program plan, preliminary hazard analysis, system/subsystem hazard analysis, operating hazard analysis) are not a dominant part of the MORT program and are seldom even referenced in System Safety Development Center (SSDC) documents. 

Safety Review. The safety review was perhaps the very first hazard analysis procedure developed. The procedure begins by the preparation of a detailed safety review report. The purpose of this report is to provide the relevant safety information regarding the process or operation. This report is generally prepared by the process engineer. A typical outline for this report follows. 

The what if/checklist is a broadly based hazard assessment technique that combines the creative thinking of a selected team of specialists with the methodical focus of a prepared checklist. The result is a comprehensive hazard analysis that is useful in training operating personnel on the hazards of the particular operation. 

As can be seen from the Global Reactive Chemicals Standard, all existing chemical processes will have a Reactive Chemicals/Process Hazard Analysis review on a predefined periodic basis. In addition, every new plant Production Leader should review their process with the Reactive Chemicals Committee within 90 days of assuming responsibility for a pilot or production plant. Prior to the review, the Leader should acquire training on the chemistry and processes that they are working with. This should include an evaluation of raw materials, processes, products and waste to understand any potential reactive chemical hazards. They should review and be prepared to answer questions from the completed and updated RC/PHA protocol questionnaire as well as other relevant materials in their plant Process Safety Folder, such as F EI, CEI, etc. The review should cover all auxiliary operations to the process such as raw material and product storage drum, tank car and truck loading. 

All employed dryers must be equipped with clear and comprehensive operating manuals prepared jointly by the equipment supplier and the plant operating management. The manual should be learned by the operators, who are to be trained in recognition of hazardous situations and risk assessment with the material being dried. Very useful techniques, known as Hazop (hazard and operability studies) and Kazan (hazard analysis), may be applied successfully in both new and existing processing plants [39,40]. 

Preliminary drawings or sketches may be adequate to prepare a preliminary hazard list. More detailed drawings are required for a preliminary hazard analysis, and even more detail is required for subsystem and system hazard analyses. Analytical trees, copies of maintenance and operating procedures (if available), and site maps may also be helpful. 

Safety analysis report (SAR) A document prepared to document the results of a hazard analysis performed on a system, subsystem or operation. Hie specific minimum data elements for an SAR will be defined by data deliverable requirements for the program or project (NSTS 22254). 

The ETBA is an analytical technique that can be of great assistance in preparation of the preliminary hazard list (PHL). It can also be quite useful in the development of a preliminary hazard analysis (PHA), subsystem hazard analysis (SSHA), or the more general system hazard analysis (SHA). The ETBA can also be used, depending on the specific system under consideration, in the development of the operating and support hazard analysis (O SHA), and, of course, during the MORT process from which the ETBA evolved. 

The Basis for Interim Operation (BIO) document for K>Reactor in Cold Standby and the L- and P-Reactor Disassembly Barins was pr ared in accordance vrith the draft DOB standard for BIO preparatiott (dated October 16, 1993). The actives for tte BIO preparation process included hamd iden carion, hazard categorization, and a preliminary hazards analysis. These actmties, along with the review of the K-Reactor Safety Anafysis R rt (SAR), K-, and P>Reactor Technical Spedfications (TS), K-Reactor Cold Standby Plan, L-Reactor ( Id Shutdown Plan, P-Reactor Standby Plait, and other safety documents, were used to compile the BIO. 

A Safety analysis report for the nuclear facility that considers the generic nuclear explosive operations and is prepared in accordance with DOE-STD-3009, Change Notice No. 1, January 2000, or successor document, and A Hazard Analysis Report for the specific nudear explosive operations prepared in accordance with DOE-STD-3016-99, Hazards Analysis Reports for Nuclear Explosive Operations, February 1999, or successor document. Using the methods in Chapters 2-5 of DOE-STD-3009, Change Notice No. 1, January 2000 ... 

The Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) is an analysis of the generic hazard groups present in a system, their evaluation, and recommendations for control (TAI 1989). The PHA is usually the first attempt in the system safety process to identify and categorize hazards or potential hazards associated with the operation of a proposed system, process, or procedure. In many instances, however, the PHA may be preceded with the preparation of aPreliminary Hazard List (PHL). The identification of hazards on a PHL can occur through the use of a variety of methods such as but not limited to... 

The Corps ofEngineers uses a form of the JHA process called Activity hazard analysis (AHA) on all construction sites. Before beginning each work activity involving a type of work presenting hazards not experienced in previous project operations or where a new work crew or sub-contractor is to perform the work, the Contractor(s) performing that work activity shall prepare an AHA (Army System Safety Management Guide, 2008). 

Even, limited PSAs use and contain much information. This information may come as memos and process reports and flow sheets, equipment layout, system descriptions, toxic inventory, hazardous chemical reactions, test, maintenance and operating descriptions. From this, data and analyses are prepared regarding release quantities, doses, equipment reliability, probability of exposure, and the risk to workers, public, and environment. An executive summary analysis is detailed, and recommendations made for risk reduction. Thus the information will be text, calculations of envelope fracture stresses, temperatures, fire propagation, air dispersion, doses, and failure probabilities - primarily in tabular form. 

The most common hazards control technique is a checklist. The checklist is prepared by experienced personnel who are familiar with the design, construction and operation of similar facilities. Checklists are relatively easy to use and provide a guide to the evaluator of items to be considered in evaluating hazards. API RP 14J has examples of two checklists which can be used to evaluate facilities of different complexity. Because production facilities are very similar and have been the subject of many hazard analyses, a checklist analysis to assure compliance with standard practice is recommended for most production facilities. The actual procedure by which the checklist is considered and the manner in which the evaluation is documented to assure compliance varies from case-to-case. 

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