Operations training

Through this study, we have shown that ultrasonic imagery can be an optimal solution to the different problems in Non Destructive Testing. This method, largely used, would have to be introduced in industry by an investment of the NDT users. This also requires a reorientation and supplementary operators trained in ultrasonic techniques. 

Finally, analytical methods can be compared in terms of their need for equipment, the time required to complete an analysis, and the cost per sample. Methods relying on instrumentation are equipment-intensive and may require significant operator training. For example, the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopic method for determining lead levels in water requires a significant capital investment in the instrument and an experienced operator to obtain reliable results. Other methods, such as titrimetry, require only simple equipment and reagents and can be learned quickly. 

To an experienced operator trained in the handling of industrial chemicals, the dimers present Httle cause for concern in handling or storage. The finished polymer coating presents even less of a health problem contact with the reactive monomer is unlikely. In the ancillary operations, such as cleaning or adhesion promotion, the operator must observe suitable precautions. Before using the process chemicals, operators must read and understand the current Material Safety Data Sheets, which are available from the manufacturers. 

Provide operator training and administrative controls (No standing on pipes/fitting, holding of piping/tubing etc.)... 

Provide operator training for response to alarm conditions... 

Was operator training revised to incorporate these changes ... 

Operations Training Gnide for Process Safety. Chemical Mannfactnrers Association, Washington, D.C., 1993. 

Operator training was planned to take place four months prior to the first heat-up. Half of the operators were to be on the payroll five months, and the other half for three months. As part of the training, each operator was to have spent four weeks in the plant inspecting construction, becoming familiar with the equipment, and helping with hydrostatic testing and internal cleaning. 

For inherently safer interactions of designs and procedures, include an operator trained in human factors on the design team. 

Other sites provided general provisions for acceptable training programs but lacked the site-specific detail necessary to implement a successful program. Eor example, the contractor s plan at Site E contained a requirement that all project field personnel receive training in accordance with applicable OSHA standards, including a minimum of 40 hours of hazardous waste operations training. The plan did not contain,... 

Human errors may be dependent on the specific accident sequence displayed in the event tree, and, for that reason, may be included in the event tree. This requires the human-factors specialist to consider the context of the error in terms of stress, operator training in response to the accident, di.tgnosiic paiierns, environmental, and other performance-shaping factors. 

Reactor operator training notes, lesson plans, or manuals. 

RCP Seal LOCAS -Evaluate or replace RCP seal materMl [b.pj -Independent seal injection or chari. irie ]"iinp for station blackout (p) -Operator training on tripping pumps on o-.s of cixiling ) -Review HPSI dependency on CCW (p)... 

The object of the studies is to compute the indices and then take action to reduce common cause variation by preventive maintenance, mistake-proofing, operator training, revision to procedures and instructions, etc. 

Emphasize in operator training that operators should take action on unusual readings, not just write them down. Make. sure they know the action to take. 

Operator training should emphasize the importance of responding to alarms. They might be correct If operators ignore alarms, it may be because experience has taught them that alarms are unreliable. Are your alarms adequately maintained (see also Section 17.10) ... 

In this case the design was not at fault. The operators did not understand the design philosophy. Would this have been foreseen in a hazard and operability study (Section 18.7), and would special attention have been paid to the point in operator training ... 

Remember as you set priorities that you and your team must consider the expected benefit to the company, division, or unit as a whole, rather than simply addressing a single gap. Obviously, any specific immediate risk you identify in the course of your assessment must be dealt with quickly and responsibly however, be careful not to let anomalous findings skew your perspective on broader priorities. For example, the absence of a capital project review process is a significant gap. However, if there is only one project per year this gap may have lower priority than an existing but seriously deficient operator training program. 

Where PSM is being extended to cover additional functions at a plant with installed PSM systems, the extension can be done at minimum cost. In such cases several staff-months of effort should suffice. If you apply PSM to an activity or location without existing PSM programs, the effort is greater. For example, installation of PSM at a terminal operation would require adaptation of existing systems to the nature and scope of the terminal operation, training of personnel, and roll-out of programs. The effort per employee involved in this will be similar to the effort involved in each plant s PSM roll-out. 

Operator Training Program - to establish Uic critical initial training for anyone handling an EHS at the facility and provide annual refresher training... 

D ye penetration inspection. This is a simple technique, requiring a minimum of operator training. In the hands of a skilled operator, it is capable of detecting fine cracks such as chloride stress corrosion cracks in austenitic stainless steels and fatigue cracks. 

Thus, even under Regime 2a, the manufacturer will set in house limits (IHL) that are sufficiently narrow to reduce the risk of a recall from market (and all the attendant publicity) to very low levels. (See Fig. 2.13.) The risk resides in the possibility that a customer or a regulatory body reanalyzes samples and declares fails even if the manufacmrer s QC lab found complies. Many things could be at fault in either location, such as equipment, operator training, availability of proper standards, etc., but once a suspicion is raised in public, industrial science takes a back seat. 

Formalizing a strategy. What are the options the analyst has to increase the probability of a correct decision Vres will be more or less given by the available instrumentation and the analytical method an improvement would in most cases entail investments, a careful study to reduce sample workup related errors,and operator training. Also, specihcation limits are often fixed. 

Plan ahead for those brief periods of slack time, and use them productively. In many laboratories, instrument maintenance, operator training, and staff development are in chronic deficit. During slack time, those deficits can be addressed. 

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