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Enzyme metabolic

Microbial Transformations and Interactions with the Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzyme (XME) System... [Pg.101]

Figure 3 Some interactions between gastrointestinal bacteria and the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme system of the host. Solid lines, host XME system reactions dotted lines, classes of reactions mediated by gastrointestinal bacteria. Specific examples of reaction classes 1-5 are cited in the text. (Modified from Rowland and Tanaka " )... Figure 3 Some interactions between gastrointestinal bacteria and the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme system of the host. Solid lines, host XME system reactions dotted lines, classes of reactions mediated by gastrointestinal bacteria. Specific examples of reaction classes 1-5 are cited in the text. (Modified from Rowland and Tanaka " )...
Srere, P. A., 1987. Complexes of. sequential metabolic enzyme.s. Annual Review of Biochemistry 56 89-124. A review of how enzyme.s in. some metabolic patliways are organized into complexes. [Pg.608]

Thromboxane A-2 has been implicated in a number of disorders of the circulatory system including coronary artery spasms, unstable angina pectoris, traumatic and endotoxic shock, and heart attacks. It is formed normally very near its receptors and is rapidly deactivated by metabolizing enzymes so circulating levels are quite low. Furthermore, it is opposed in its actions by the prostacyclins. When these controls are defective, pathology results and drugs can be the resort in attempts to restore the normal healthy balance. For one example, furegrelate (6) is a throm-... [Pg.125]

Pefloxacin (33) is the N-methyl analogue of norfloxacin (58) and is at least partly converted to it by metabolic enzymes in vivo. It has been launched in France for the treatment of a number of infections including those caused by sensitive strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It can be synthesized starting with the Gould-Jacobs reaction of 3-chloro-4-fluoroaniline (28) and diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate in an addition-elimination sequence leading to 29 which undergoes... [Pg.141]

Group II assays consist of those monitoring cellular second messengers. Thus, activation of receptors to cause Gs-protein activation of adenylate cyclase will lead to elevation of cytosolic or extracellularly secreted cyclic AMP. This second messenger phosphorylates numerous cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases, which go on to phosphorylate metabolic enzymes and transport and regulatory proteins (see Chapter 2). Cyclic AMP can be detected either radiometrically or with fluorescent probe technology. [Pg.83]

This generally describes the process of drug absorption into the body, distribution throughout the body, metabolism by degrad a tive and metabolizing enzymes in the body, and finally elimination from the body. It is useful to consider each of these steps because together they summarize pharmacokinetics. [Pg.163]

Drug Interactions During Metabolism Enzyme Inhibition... [Pg.448]

Following concurrent administration of two drugs, especially when they are metabolized by the same enzyme in the liver or small intestine, the metabolism of one or both drugs can be inhibited, which may lead to elevated plasma concentrations of the dtug(s), and increased pharmacological effects. The types of enzyme inhibition include reversible inhibition, such as competitive or non-competitive inhibition, and irreversible inhibition, such as mechanism-based inhibition. The clinically important examples of drug interactions involving the inhibition of metabolic enzymes are listed in Table 1 [1,4]. [Pg.448]

The co-administration of drugs which induce the metabolic enzymes in the liver or small intestine can reduce the plasma concentrations of drugs which are substrates of the enzyme, leading to reduced drug effects. For example, the plasma concentrations of many drugs which are substrates of the enzyme CYP3A4, such as cyclosporine, are decreased by coadministration of rifampicin, which is an inducer of CYP3A4. [Pg.448]

Zero-order kinetics describe the time course of disappearance of drugs from the plasma, which do not follow an exponential pattern, but are initially linear (i.e. the drug is removed at a constant rate that is independent of its concentration in the plasma). This rare time course of elimination is most often caused by saturation of the elimination processes (e.g. a metabolizing enzyme), which occurs even at low drug concentrations. Ethanol or phenytoin are examples of drugs, which are eliminated in a time-dependent manner which follows a zero-order kinetic. [Pg.1483]

Sun F, Tsuritani 1, Yamada Y Contribution of genetic polymorphisms in ethanol-metabolizing enzymes to problem drinking behavior in middle-aged Japanese men. Behav Genet 32 229—236, 2002... [Pg.53]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.16 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.363 ]




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Alcohol metabolism Enzymes

Amino acid metabolism pyridoxal 5 -phosphate enzymes

Amino acid metabolism, enzymes

Amino acids metabolism, enzyme deficiency

Amino metabolism, enzymes

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors metabolism

Animal Species Used as Sources of Metabolic Activating Enzymes

Animal drug-metabolizing enzyme activities

Biosynthetic enzymes primary-secondary metabolism

CYP3A drug-metabolizing enzymes

Carbohydrate metabolism enzyme control

Carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes

Carbohydrates, enzymic synthesis metabolism

Carbon metabolism carboxylating enzyme

Carboxylesterases, metabolic enzymes

Clozapine metabolizing enzymes

Contaminant-metabolizing enzymes

Cytochrome P450 enzyme system metabolism

Cytochrome P450 enzymes alcohol metabolism

Cytochrome P450 enzymes drug metabolism

Cytochrome P450 enzymes intermediate metabolizers

Cytochrome P450 enzymes metabolic activation

Cytochrome P450 enzymes poor metabolizers

Cytochrome P450 enzymes reductive metabolism

Cytochrome P450 liver enzymes metabolism

Cytochrome P450 metabolizing enzymes

Cytochrome P450s, metabolic enzymes

Dehalogenation metabolic enzyme systems

Determination of Metabolic Rates and Enzyme Kinetics

Drug Metabolizing Enzymes and ABC Transporter

Drug metabolism enzyme expression

Drug metabolism enzyme induction

Drug metabolism enzyme inhibition

Drug metabolism enzymes

Drug metabolism, enzymes and

Drug oxidation metabolic enzymes involved

Drug-/xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme(s)

Drug-metabolizing enzyme activities

Drug-metabolizing enzyme system

Drug-metabolizing enzyme system hepatic microsomal, effects

Drug-metabolizing enzymes

Drug-metabolizing enzymes UGTs)

Drug-metabolizing enzymes ethnic variations

Drug-metabolizing enzymes inter-individual variations

Drug-metabolizing enzymes intermediate metabolizers

Drug-metabolizing enzymes major

Drug-metabolizing enzymes pharmacogenetic differences

Drug-metabolizing enzymes polymorphisms

Drug-metabolizing enzymes poor metabolizers

Drug-metabolizing enzymes sulfotransferases

Drug-metabolizing enzymes ultrarapid metabolizers

Drug-metabolizing enzymes, function

Drug-metabolizing enzymes, inducers

Drug-metabolizing enzymes, induction

Drug-metabolizing ocular enzymes

Enolases, metabolic enzymes

Environmental influences drug-metabolizing enzymes

Enzyme inhibitors drug metabolism

Enzyme kinetics cellular metabolic modeling

Enzyme metabolic activation

Enzyme, metabolic control theory

Enzyme-Catalyzed Metabolic Pathways

Enzyme-mediated control of metabolic pathways

Enzymes Of nucleic acid metabolism

Enzymes Which Carry Out the Metabolism of Vitamin

Enzymes activity association with carbon metabolism

Enzymes activity metabolic pathways regulation

Enzymes and metabolic pathways

Enzymes hepatic drug metabolism, metabolite

Enzymes in Metabolism

Enzymes in Poly(ADP-Ribose) Metabolism

Enzymes in purine metabolism

Enzymes intermediary metabolism

Enzymes metabolism and

Enzymes metabolism inhibition

Enzymes of KDO Metabolism

Enzymes of phenolic metabolism

Enzymes of secondary metabolism

Enzymes of sphingolipid metabolism

Enzymes phosphate-metabolizing inhibition

Enzymes starch-metabolizing

Enzymes tissue metabolism

Enzymic activity metabolism

Enzymic metabolism

Ethnic differences drug-metabolizing enzymes

Expression of Individual Metabolic Enzymes

Expression of Individual Metabolizing Enzymes

Fatty acid metabolism, enzymic

Galactose metabolizing enzymes

Gender, xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes

Genetic polymorphisms drug-metabolizing enzymes

Genetic polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes

Genetics xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes affected

Glutathione metabolism, enzyme deficiency

Glyceride metabolism, enzymes

Glycogen metabolism branching enzyme

Glycolipid metabolism, enzymes

Glycolytic cycle, metabolic enzymes

Glycoprotein, metabolism, enzymic

Hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme system

Hepatic glucose metabolizing enzymes, inhibition

Induction of enzymes metabolism

Induction of hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme

Inhibition of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme

Interactions Involving Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes

Key Enzymes Regulating Rate-Limiting Steps of Glucose Metabolism

Key Enzymes in Metabolism of D-Fructose

Lipid metabolic enzymes, genetic study

Liver Metabolism Enzymes

Liver drug-metabolizing enzyme activities

Liver metabolic enzyme systems

Membrane metabolism, enzymes

Membranes metabolic enzyme systems

Metabolic Pathways and Key Enzyme of Bioisoprene

Metabolic activating enzymes, animal species

Metabolic capability, enzyme inducers

Metabolic engineering enzyme activity

Metabolic enzyme upregulation

Metabolic enzymes induction

Metabolic enzymes protein kinases

Metabolic enzymes, genotype analysis

Metabolic functions molybdenum enzymes

Metabolic pathways enzyme nomenclature

Metabolic pathways enzyme-mediated covalent

Metabolic pathways enzyme/substrate

Metabolic pathways regulatory enzymes

Metabolic regulation allosteric enzymes

Metabolic regulation covalent enzyme modification

Metabolic regulation enzyme concentration

Metabolism adaptive enzymes

Metabolism amino acid, branched-chain, enzyme

Metabolism cytochrome P450 metabolizing enzymes

Metabolism enzyme induction

Metabolism enzyme regulation

Metabolism enzymes

Metabolism enzymes

Metabolism) enzyme activities

Metabolism, enzymes involved

Metabolizing Enzymes and Drug Transporters

Metabolizing enzymes

Metabolizing enzymes

Methanogens metabolic enzymes

Microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes

Mucopolysaccharide metabolism, enzymes

Nasal epithelium drug-metabolizing enzymes

Neurospora crassa enzyme metabolism

Olanzapine metabolizing enzymes

P450 enzyme system metabolism

Phase I metabolism enzymes

Phase II metabolism enzymes

Phase II metabolizing enzymes

Plants metabolic enzyme systems

Polymorphic drug metabolizing enzymes

Polymorphic metabolic enzymes

Proteins metabolic enzymes

Purine metabolism, enzymes

Pyruvate kinase, enzymic activity liver metabolism

Risperidone metabolizing enzymes

Sequential enzyme reactions in metabolism and analysis

Sphingolipids metabolizing enzymes

Urinary biomarkers enzyme metabolism

Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes XMEs)

Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes inhibitors

Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes interactions

Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes substrates

Xenobiotic-metabolizing cultured cells enzymes

Xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes

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