Job Safe Practices

Job safe practices ISPs are similar to SOPs except that they are more oriented toward the means by which maintenance tasks can be carried out safely. ISPs are often associated with the interface between operations and maintenance. Typical ISP titles are ... 

SOPs, described above, provide general instructions for a task they are used as the foundation of job-specific procedures. Job Safe Practices (JSPs) are a special type of SOP used for carrying out hazardous tasks. 

Job Safe Practice Testing tanks for oxygen deficiency and hazardous gases Number 343 ... 

Job Safe Practice Parting flanges on plugged lines that may be pressurized Number 166 ... 

All employees are responsible and accountable for conducting their work in compliance with established safety and health standards, job safe practices (JSPs), procedures, precautions, laws, and regulations. 

Review safe systems of work and job safe practices at regular intervals to ensure their utilisation. (MAINTAIN)... 

To make the most of our participation in the PSM pilot test, the PSM Task Force needs your help. One of the main reasons we are conducting this test is to make sure our new system for managing process safety is practical and that it gives each of us what we need to do our jobs safely and effectively. We can t do this without your input. That s why the pilot test plan calls for getting your feedback on a continuing basis, and one of the ways we ll be asking for it is through questionnaires like this one. 

Maintenance embraces regular inspection, periodic examination by competent persons , and repairs. All maintenance on equipment used with chemicals should be properly planned and recorded. Maintenance operations, particularly those which are non-routine, require a sound system of work with strict administrative procedures, e.g. permit-to-work, to avoid risks arising from modifications to established safe practices. A permit-to-work should be used wherever the method by which a job is done is likely to be critical to the safety of the workers involved, nearby workers, or the public it is required whenever the safeguards provided in normal operations are no longer available. Examples include ... 

Contractors. Employers must inform contract employees prior to the initiation of the contractor s work of the known potential fire, explosion, or toxic release hazards related to the contractor s work and the process. Contract employees and host employers must ensure that contract workers are trained in the work practices necessary to perform their jobs safely and are informed of any applicable safety rules of the facility work and the process. 

Chapter 3 presents introductory aspects of safety and human factors. Chapter 4 is devoted to methods considered useful to perform patient safety analysis. These methods include failure modes and effect analysis (FMEA), fault tree analysis (FTA), root cause analysis (RCA), hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP), six sigma methodology, preliminary hazard analysis (PFfA), interface safety analysis (ISA), and job safety analysis (JSA). Patient safety basics are presented in Chapter 5. This chapter covers such topics as patient safety goals, causes of patient injuries, patient safety culture, factors contributing to pahent safety culture, safe practices for better health care, and patient safety indicators and their selection. 

Behavior related lack of knowledge or skill Unaware of safe practice unskilled not properly instructed or trained Job training... 

This section also looks at training that helps people follow safe procedures. There are methods for identifying which behaviors are correct and safe for various jobs. There are many laws, regulations, and standards that require employers to train workers in safe practices. Managing safety training is a major job role for safety specialists. 

In a planned observation, the supervisor selects the employee and the job to observe. The supervisor also decides the most suitable time. Some supervisors may want to make assignments for planned job safety observations. The basic tool for making a planned observation is job safety/hazard analysis (JSA/JHA). (If a JSA/JHA is not used, the supervisor must be completely familiar with the job steps, job hazards, and safe job procedures.) The supervisor should observe the employee doing a complete job cycle, paying attention to safe or unsafe procedures and conditions. A Planned Job Safety Observation Form should be used (see Table 14.1). All safe practices noted should result in a sincere compliment to the employee involved while any unsafe actions call for appropriate corrective measures. In either instance, the supervisor should make an observation record. A planned safety observation is a valuable loss prevention tool. 

Do not tell the employee in advance about the observation if the objective is to learn how the employee normally does the job. When the supervisor knows that an employee understands how to do a job safely, the supervisor must then find out how the employee works when no one is observing. To detennine this, the anployee should not be told in advance about the job safety observation. Most employees work safely under the eyes of the supervisor, especially when they are told of the observation. If the employee does not show unsafe practices, the supervisor can assume that the employee usually works safely. If the same person is later observed doing some part of the job unsafely, the supervisor must believe that woilc is performed unsafely at other times. The supervisor may know that the employee can perform the job safely from past observation. From observing employees without their knowledge, the supervisor may learn that they are not putting into practice their job knowledge. 

The guideUnes can show who is responsible for implementing the various parts of the policy, who can alter the policy, operative dates for the policy and when it should be revisited. Regulations or codes of practice which support the policy can be shown Procedures not onfy show how something is to be done, but form a basis for training in doing it. A procedure can include forms (e.g. a job safely analysis form), and also refer to other documents such as technical instructions or operating manuals for a piece of equipment. 

Practice activities focus on stakeholder ability to access, share, and apply successful PtD practices. PtD has contributed to the national discussion on how to ensure that green jobs are safe for workers. As part of this effort, NIOSH coordinated a workshop, titled Making Green Jobs Safe, which developed 48 compelling activities for including worker safety and health into green jobs and sustainable design. These activities have been included in the PtD Plan for the National Initiative. A summary of the workshop has been developed and will be published in June 2011. 

Procedures are in investment in safety—but not always. Procedures are thought to be required to achieve safe practice—yet they are not always necessary, nor likely ever sufficient for creating safety. Procedures spell out how to do the job safely—yet following all the procedures can lead to an inability to get the job done. 

The observation process directs attention to and arranges feedback on how employees are doing their job. Several studies suggest the importance of verbal feedback in establishing and maintaining safe practices on the job (e.g., Komaki et al., 1980). The observation process arranges for regular opportunities for such feedback and helps ensure that it occurs. 

Instructions For each safety practice you observe, record a short vertical line " " in die appropriate column to indicate each safe practice and to indicate each practice that causes you to be concerned about the potential for injury. Keep a tally by recording these in the appropriate space. Describe each significant safety practice and concern in the Comments section. Record "Job-specific safe practices" in the appropriate space. 

Suggestion 4 Create a different checklist for each area. The research studies used checklists of specific safe behaviors that were job and area specific. Unless you are in a small facility, do not try to develop a generic checklist that works for all work areas. Maintenance has different safety requirements than a laboratory, for example, and their respective checkhsts need to be different. To maximize the value of the checkhsts, they should be exphcit enough to address the specific safe practices of different job functions. 

This expanded picture of the behavioral environment clarifies all of the functions of the behavioral safety process. This safety process supports safe practices on the job by ... 

The safe practice involves a skill or knowledge that is used regularly but the employees do not have Arrange for job-specific training that provides the needed skills... 

Practical question Is performing the job safely uncomfortable, difficult, or slowing down task completion ... 

Practical solution Redesign the job so that performing the job safely is more comfortable, easier, or quicker. 

Practical solution Redesign the job so that negative consequences are built into the task. Ensure observers and supervisors are monitoring and providing corrective feedback on the safe practice. Ensure disciplinary action is taken when appropriate. 

Standard work practices (codes of safe practice plus job safety analysis)... 

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