Unsafe Procedures

Any specific unsafe behavior on the job will correspond to basic types of unsafe procedures. These unsafe procedures can be included in an observation checklist  

Repairing, servicing, or riding equipment in a hazardous manner 

Failme to wear required personal protective equipment 

Violation of known safety rules and safe job procedures 

Indulging in practical jokes, fighting, sleeping, creating distractions, etc. 

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Many maintenance risks are related to unclear and unsafe procedures. See Chapter 6. Additional information regarding management of change can be found in Chapter 7 of the CCPS Guidelines for Technical Management of Chemical Process Safety (CCPS, 1989b). 

Section IV analyzes methods of fluorine introduction in organic molecules by discussing the ECF method in order to overview and rationalize the available material on syntheses and applications of fluorinated heterocyclic compounds based on modern knowledge in this field. Is it possible for modified electrochemical techniques to produce a pronounced effect when applied on a large-scale basis Is there any opportunity to reject the old expensive and unsafe procedures for the production of fluorinated materials based on heterocyclic frameworks and to replace them by more economical, safe, and ecologically clean procedures These issues are examined in Section IV. 

There are situations, of course, when unexpected conditions occur and avoiding losses requires the operators to violate the specified (and in such cases unsafe) procedures. If the operators are expected to make decisions in real time and not just follow a predetermined procedure, then they usually must have the relevant system-level information about the situation in order to make safe decisions. This is not required, of course, if the system design decouples the components and thus allows operators to make independent safe decisions. Such decoupling must be designed into the system, however. 

The third category, the actual physical facility design, includes the unsafe procedures being used, the unsafe projections, and geological and climatic conditions (see Table 7.4). 

In a planned observation, the supervisor selects the employee and the job to observe. The supervisor also decides the most suitable time. Some supervisors may want to make assignments for planned job safety observations. The basic tool for making a planned observation is job safety/hazard analysis (JSA/JHA). (If a JSA/JHA is not used, the supervisor must be completely familiar with the job steps, job hazards, and safe job procedures.) The supervisor should observe the employee doing a complete job cycle, paying attention to safe or unsafe procedures and conditions. A Planned Job Safety Observation Form should be used (see Table 14.1). All safe practices noted should result in a sincere compliment to the employee involved while any unsafe actions call for appropriate corrective measures. In either instance, the supervisor should make an observation record. A planned safety observation is a valuable loss prevention tool. 

These include continual ongoing inspections by employees as part of their normal duties. Such inspections involve noting hazards or unsafe procedures and correcting them or reporting them for corrective action. 

As per the above distribution of causes, it is to be noted that the causes that mostly contribute to the occurrence of events are associated with procedures either as unsafe procedures (i.e., 37% of events) or as absence of procedures that lead to unsafe acts (i.e., 44% of events). 

Management should outline the purpose and types of job safety observations, including how to select a job or task for planned safety observations, how to prepare for a planned safety observation, how to use a checklist of activities to observe unsafe procedures, what the employees role in the observation process is, what occurs after the observation, and how to deal with unsafe behavior and performance. 

Environmental unsafe procedure or process Hazardous processes management failed to adequately plan Job-hazard analysis or formulation of safe job practices... 

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