Human epidermal keratinocytes

Hanson, D. and De Leo, V.A. (1990). Long-wave ultraviolet light induces phospholipase activation in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes. J. Invest. Dermatol. 95, 158-163. 

MWNTs were found to be cytotoxic in human skin fibroblasts (HSF42) and human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK) [42-44], whereas SWNTs were toxic in human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cultures [25, 26, 45]. Reduced cell proliferation and oxidative stress were reported also in epithelial (HeLa) cells [45] and murine epidermal cells (JB6 P + ) [46] upon incubation with SWNTs. 

Zhang, L.W. et al. (2007) Biological interactions of functionalized single-wall carbon nanotubes in human epidermal keratinocytes. International Journal of Toxicology, 26 (2), 103-113. 

Monteiro-Riviere, N.A. et al. (2005) Multi-walled carbon nanotube interactions with human epidermal keratinocytes. Toxicology Letters, 155 (3), 377—384. 

Zollanvari, A. et al. (2009) Analysis and modeling of time-course gene-expression profiles from nanomaterial-exposed primary human epidermal keratinocytes. BMC Bioinformatics, 10, (Suppl. 11) S10. 

Based on observations in JP-8 inhalation studies, the protective role of SP in dermal toxicity was recently examined. As mentioned earlier, inhalation exposure to JP-8 and SP resulted in protection from of lung toxicity and restoration of immune function [24,25,26], Similarily, co-administration of substance P (SP) with JP-8 also decreased toxicity in human epidermal keratinocytes[27]. This suggests that a common... 

Shopsis, C. (1989). Validation study ocular irritancy prediction with the total cell protein, uridine uptake, and neutral red assays applied to human epidermal keratinocytes and mouse 3t3 cells. In Alternative Methods in Toxicology, Vol. 7 (Goldberg, A.M., Ed.). Mary Arm Liebert, New York, pp. 273-287. 

Recently, the possibility to use C60 as anti-inflammatory compound has been reported (Huang et al., 2008). Fullerene-xanthine hybrids have been studied to determine if nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages can be inhibited by hybrid administration, finding positive results. The presence of xanthine moiety seems to be essential for the inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-a production, while the fullerene portion ameliorates the efficiency in LPS-induced NO production blockage, leading to a new promising class of potent anti-inflammatoiy agents. It is necessary to mention also the opposite results obtained by an amino acid fullerene derivative tested on human epidermal keratinocytes at concentration from 0.4 to 400 pg/mL. 

Rouse JG, Yang J, Barron AR, Monteiro-Riviere NA (2006) Fullerene-based amino acid nanoparticle interactions with human epidermal keratinocytes. Toxicol. In Vitro 20 1313-1320. 

Wilmer JL, Burleson FG, Kayama F, et al. 1994. Cytokine induction in human epidermal keratinocytes exposed to contact irritants and its relation to chemical-induced inflammation in mouse skin. J Invest Dermatol 102 915-922. 

Shvedova, A.A., Tyurina, Y.Y., Kawai, K., Tyurin, V.A., Kommineni, C., Fabisiak, J.P., and Kagan, V.E., 2001, Selective peroxidation and extemalization of phosphatidylserine in normal human epidermal keratinocytes during oxidative stress induced by cumene hydroperoxide, J. Inv. Derm, (submitted for publication). 

The EpiDerm (EPI-200) skin model is mechanistically and functionally related to EPISKIN. The assay consists of normal human epidermal keratinocytes, which have been cultured in a chemically defined medium to produce a stratified, highly diEerentiated, organotypic tissue model of the human epidermis. 

Monteiro-Riviere NA, Nemanich RJ, Inman AO et al (2005) Multi-walled carbon nanotube interactionwith human epidermal keratinocytes. Toxicol Lett 155 377-384... 

Rheinwald JG, Green H (1975) Serial cultivation of strains of human epidermal keratinocytes the formation of keratinizing colonies from single cells. Cell 6(3) 331-343... 

Methyl methanesulfonate induced DNA single-strand breaks and alkali-labile sites in human lymphocytes in vitro. It induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in human epidermal keratinocytes and in oral epithelial and fibroblast cell cultures. Methyl methanesulfonate induced gene mutations in human lymphoblasts at the hprt locus and sister chromatid exchanges and micronuclei in HepG2 human liver cells in vitro. 

Katiyar SK, Afaq F, Azizuddin K, Mukhtar H. 2001. Inhibition of UVB-induced oxidative stress-mediated phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes by green tea polyphenol (—)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 176 110-117. 

Vega, L Styblo, M., Patterson, R. et al. (2001) Differential effects of trivalent and pentavalent arsenicals on cell proliferation and cytokine secretion in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 172(3), 225-32. 

It has been recently demonstrated (Sakaguchi et al., 2004 Sakaguchi et al., 2003 Sakaguchi et al., 2005) that S100A11 is a key mediator for growth inhibition of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHK) triggered by high Ca2+ or TGF(3. 

Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Takaishi M, Sakaguchi Y, Makino E, Rataoka N, Yamada H, Namba M, Huh NH. 2003. S100C/A11 is a key mediator of Ca(2+)-induced growth inhibition of human epidermal keratinocytes. J Cell Biol 163(4) 825—835. 

Various types of adherent cells were grown on a coverslip, which was then laid on top of the LAPS chip. Measurements were made for acidification of (1) normal human epidermal keratinocytes stimulated by epidermal growth factor (EGP) or organic chemicals, and of (2) human uterine sarcoma cells as a response to doxorubicin and vincristine (chemotherapeutic drugs). In addition, the inhibition (by ribavirin) of the viral infection of murine fibroblastic L cells by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was investigated by following the acidification rate. A limitation of these studies is the requirement for a low-buffered medium (low bicarbonate content) to achieve maximum sensitivity [847]. 

Rheinwald JG (1989), Methods for clonal growth and serial cultivation of normal human epidermal keratinocytes and mesothelial cells, In Baserga R (Ed.), Cell Growth and Division A Practical Approach, IRL Press, Oxford, pp. 81-94. 

FIGURE 10.2 Pain receptor VRl(TRPVl) is localized in human epidermal keratinocytes. 

Akiyama, H. et al., Analytical studies on hyaluronic acid synthesis by normal human epidermal keratinocytes cultured in a serum-free medium, Biol. Pharm. Bull., 17, 361,1994. 

Gennings C, Carter WH, Campain JA, Bae DS, Yang RSH. 2002. Statistical analysis of interactive cytotoxicity in human epidermal keratinocytes following exposure to a mixture of four metals. J Agric Biol Environ Stat 7 58-73. 

Ollert MW, Sohnchen R, Korting HC, Ollert U, Brautigam S, Brautigam W Mechanisms of adherence of Candida albicans to cultured human epidermal keratinocytes. Infect Immun 1993 61 4560-4568. 

Smith, W.J., Gross, C.L., Chan, P., Meier, H.L. (1990). The use of human epidermal keratinocytes in cultures as a model for studying sulfur mustard toxicity. Cell Biol. Toxicol. 6 285-91. 

Dillman, J.F., III, McGary, K.L., Schlager, J.J. (2003). Sulfur mustard induces the formation of keratin aggregates in human epidermal keratinocytes. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 193 228-36. 

---