Normal human epidermal keratinocytes

Shvedova, A.A., Tyurina, Y.Y., Kawai, K., Tyurin, V.A., Kommineni, C., Fabisiak, J.P., and Kagan, V.E., 2001, Selective peroxidation and extemalization of phosphatidylserine in normal human epidermal keratinocytes during oxidative stress induced by cumene hydroperoxide, J. Inv. Derm, (submitted for publication). 

The EpiDerm (EPI-200) skin model is mechanistically and functionally related to EPISKIN. The assay consists of normal human epidermal keratinocytes, which have been cultured in a chemically defined medium to produce a stratified, highly diEerentiated, organotypic tissue model of the human epidermis. 

Vega, L Styblo, M., Patterson, R. et al. (2001) Differential effects of trivalent and pentavalent arsenicals on cell proliferation and cytokine secretion in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 172(3), 225-32. 

It has been recently demonstrated (Sakaguchi et al., 2004 Sakaguchi et al., 2003 Sakaguchi et al., 2005) that S100A11 is a key mediator for growth inhibition of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHK) triggered by high Ca2+ or TGF(3. 

Various types of adherent cells were grown on a coverslip, which was then laid on top of the LAPS chip. Measurements were made for acidification of (1) normal human epidermal keratinocytes stimulated by epidermal growth factor (EGP) or organic chemicals, and of (2) human uterine sarcoma cells as a response to doxorubicin and vincristine (chemotherapeutic drugs). In addition, the inhibition (by ribavirin) of the viral infection of murine fibroblastic L cells by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was investigated by following the acidification rate. A limitation of these studies is the requirement for a low-buffered medium (low bicarbonate content) to achieve maximum sensitivity [847]. 

Rheinwald JG (1989), Methods for clonal growth and serial cultivation of normal human epidermal keratinocytes and mesothelial cells, In Baserga R (Ed.), Cell Growth and Division A Practical Approach, IRL Press, Oxford, pp. 81-94. 

Akiyama, H. et al., Analytical studies on hyaluronic acid synthesis by normal human epidermal keratinocytes cultured in a serum-free medium, Biol. Pharm. Bull., 17, 361,1994. 

Study on the metabolic capability of the test system and investigation of the utility of more complex models, such as full-thickness skin models where normal human epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts are cultured to produce highly differentiated tissues extending wall to wall in cell culture inserts, are ongoing [70, 73, 74],... 

A heat-treated PVA nanofibrous matrix containing Ag nanoparticles was prepared by electrospinning an aqueous 10 wt% PVA solution and followed by heat treatment at 150°C for 10 min [61]. The average diameter of the as-spun and heat-treated PVA nanoflbers was 330 nm. The heat-treated PVA nanofibrous matrix was irradiated with UV light to transform the Ag ions in the nanofibrous matrix into Ag nanoparticles. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the Ag ions and/or nanoparticles on normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NUEK) and fibroblasts (NHEF) cultures was examined [61]. 

FIGURE 6.3 SM induces phosphorylation of p53. Normal human epidermal keratinocytes were exposed to 12.5, 25, 50, 100, or 200 p.M SM for 5, 15, 30, 60,120, or 240 min. Whole cell extracts were isolated, proteins fractionated hy SDS-PAGE, and immunoblotted (IB) using antibodies that specifically recognize phosphoiyl-ated p53 (top panels). Total p53 was also analyzed. (Reprinted from Minsavage, G.D., Dillman IB, J.F., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 321, 202, 2007. With permission.)... 

Mol MA and Smith WJ (1996). Calcium homeostasis and calcium signalling in sulphur mustard-exposed normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Chem Biol Interact, 100, 85-93. 

Differentiation of murine keratinocytes and of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) can be triggered by a variety of stimuli. Changes in extracellular Ca ... 

Abbreviations Con A, concanavalin A CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytes IL, interleukin iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase KLH, keyhole-limpet hemocyanin LAK, lymphokine-activated killer cell NHEK, normal human epidermal keratinocyte NK, natural killer cell PFC, plaque-forming cell SRBC, sheep red blood cell TNF, tumor necrosis factor. 

Sanguinarine, isolated from the root of Sanguinaria canadensis, possesses both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In addition, this alkaloid has displayed anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects against human epidermoid carcinoma cells and normal human epidermal keratinocytes. While treatment with sanguinarine has been shown to decrease the viability of both kinds of cells, this loss of viability occurred at lower doses of the compound and was much more pronounced in the carcinoma cells than in the normal keratinocytes [108]. 

Exposure of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) to UVB radiation induces intracellular release of hydrogen peroxide (oxidative stress) and phosphorylation of MAPK cell-signaling pathways. Pretreatment of NHEK with EGCG inhibits UVB-induced hydrogen peroxide production and its mediated phosphorylation of MAPK signaling pathways [16]. It has been demonstrated that tea polyphenols inhibited PKC, MAPK, and AP-1 activities in NIH 3T3 cells [17]. 

Hwang SW, Cho H, Kwak J, et al. (2000) Direct activation of capsaicin receptors by products of hpoxygenases endogenous capsaicin-like substances. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 6155-6160 Inoue K, Koizumi S, Fuziwara S, et al. (2002) Functional vanilloid receptors in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 291 124-129 Ishiura Y, Fujimura M, Nobata K, et al. (2007) Prostaglandin 12 enhances cough reflex sensitivity to capsaicin in the asthmatic airway. Cough 3 2... 

Afaq, F., Adhami, V.M., Ahmad, N., and Mukhtar, H., Inhibition of ultraviolet B-mediated activation of nuclear factor kappaB in normal human epidermal keratinocytes by green tea constituent (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, Oncogene, 22, 1035-1044, 2003. 

FIG. 23 Cytotoxicity of A -acylamino acids and other anionic surfactants for normal human epidermal keratinocyte (HEMA) by neutral red method to detect the end point (From Ref. 104.)... 

Boyce, S.T. and Ham, R.G., Cultivation, frozen storage, and clonal growth of normal human epidermal keratinocytes in serum-free media, /. Tissue Cult. Meth., 9,83,1985. 

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