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Busses

Buses and public transport in general, offer wide opportunities for the use of RPs. Unreinforced plastics (URPS) and reinforced plastics (RPs) have been used in different types of buses. In the world of buses during year 2000 Brunswick Technologies (Brunswick, ME) fabricated the so-called CompoBus. Its design incorporates oriented glass fiber satin woven tri-axial fabrics with TS polyester plastics in its chassis and body. [Pg.528]

Delphi Automotive Systems, Woodridge, IL and Hendrickson Innovations International developed and manufactured a plastic composite (glass/ carbon fiber hybrid reinforcement) for use in the medium and heavy duty truck and bus markets. When compared to metals they are lighter and more impact resistant, require less mounting hardware, and designed to conduct 50% less vibration. [Pg.528]

The facility of small volume production in RPs by hand lay-up led quickly to the use of these materials for van and truck bodies. Today, however, numbers have built up to justify press-molding many panels in SMC. Lighter weight and improved aerodynamics (reducing fuel costs), with lower maintenance, reduction in noise and overall improvement in comfort have been the reasons. [Pg.528]

This Seeman Composites Resin Infusion Process (SCRIMP) has been used to manufacture corrosion resistance bus shells (Chapter 5). North America Bus Industries (NABI) of Anniston, AL uses glass fiber-polyester plastic material from TPI Composites of Warren, RI. These new buses weigh about 10,000 kg (22,000 lb) that is 3200 kg (7000 lb) lighter than steel units. Lighter weight results in reduced axial loads, brake wear, etc. and improved fuel efficiency. [Pg.528]

Schindler Waggon, Switzerland, is studying using its large-scale filament winding technology for bus bodies, insulated and double-shell [Pg.528]

Battery research and development are relevant not only to hybrid vehicles based on internal combustion engines, but also to fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) see Section 7.5. It is likely that the latter will always require a sizeable battery to aid start-up, to buffer the fuel cell when peak power is demanded and to recuperate energy otherwise lost in braking. In short, the FCV is an all-electric hybrid. [Pg.238]

North American Bus Industries are using composite bus structures fabricated in Hungary and assembled in the US, made from multiaxial knitted E-glass, but employing some triaxial woven carbon fiber to reinforce areas around windows and roof, permitting standard bus windows to be used. [Pg.994]

Over 10% of buses operating in the US are now powered by natural gas and carbon fiber reinforced CNG cylinders are the likely candidates. Light duty vehicles are generally fitted with two or three pressure vessels, whilst heavy duty vehicles tend to be fitted with four to six. The cylinder types are classified  [Pg.994]

Type II—metallic vessel body with composite hoop strap (generally fiberglass) [Pg.994]

Type III— metallic liner with full composite overwrap (mainly carbon fiber) [Pg.994]


The cIcniciiLs of the MNDO Fock niairix bused on thenef/lecL of diuLmnic din ereii liul overlap approximaiion are described below. When and dy are on dilTeren L cen ters the oIT-diagonal elemen Is of 111 e Hock matrix ai e ... [Pg.285]

In 1987 Seatde Metro purchased 10 new American built M.A.N. coaches powered by methanol. Six GM buses powered by DDC methanol engines entered revenue service at Triboro Coach in Jackson Heights, New York, 2 GM buses in Medicine Hat Transit in Medicine Hat, Manitoba, and 2 Flyer coaches in Winnipeg Transit, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. An additional 45 DDC powered methanol buses were introduced in California as indicated by Table 4. Figure 11 shows the distance accumulation of alternate-fueled buses in the four California transit properties. [Pg.431]

Four buses converted to ethanol started operation in 1979 and the engine used was an OM 352, 6 cylinder, direct injection engine rated at 96,200 watt (129 hp). The ignition improver was -hexyl nitrate [20633-11-8] which was later changed to triethylene glycol dinitrate [111-22-8] (TEGDN). [Pg.433]

Auckland Regional Authority converted two M.A.N. buses to use a cetane improver and methanol and South Africa investigated the use of methanol with a proprietary cetane improver. Eour Renault buses were converted in Tours, Erance to operate on ethanol and a cetane improver, Avocet, manufactured by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI). The results of these demonstrations were also technically successfiil slightly better fuel economy was obtained on an energy basis and durabiUty issues were much less than the earlier tests using dedicated engines. [Pg.433]

H. K. Bergmaim and K. D. HoUoh, "Pield Experience with Mercedes-Benz Methanol City Buses," 6th Int. Symp. on Alcohol Euels Technology (Ottawa, Canada, May 21-25, 1984), Vol. 1. [Pg.435]

Each year, Americans report over three million fires leading to 29,000 injuries and 4,500 deaths (1). The direct property losses exceed 8 biUion (1) and the total annual cost to our society has been estimated at over 100 biUion (2). Personal losses occur mosdy in residences where furniture, wall coverings, and clothes are frequently the fuel. Large financial losses occur in commercial stmctures such as office buildings and warehouses. Fires also occur in airplanes, buses, and trains. [Pg.451]

In the United States, CNG s initial use is in captive, centrally refueled fleets which require limited range, such as deHvery vans, taxis, or school buses. Such vehicle fleets can afford the capital cost of refueling equipment and can tolerate the slightly longer refueling times. Many utiHty companies, such as Brooklyn Union Gas (New York), have purchased CNG vehicles as a way of encouraging the development of this fuel. AH three domestic automobile manufacturers offer CNG vehicles for sale. [Pg.195]

Heavy-duty diesel engines can also be modified to operate on neat methanol. Emissions of NO and particulates are generaHy lower than the original engine. These types of engines have typicaHy been used in urban buses to help reduce ambient poHution levels. [Pg.195]

Another important potential appHcation for fuel cells is in transportation (qv). Buses and cars powered by fuel cells or fuel cell—battery hybrids are being developed in North America and in Europe to meet 2ero-emission legislation introduced in California. The most promising type of fuel cell for this appHcation is the SPEC, which uses platinum-on-carbon electrodes attached to a soHd polymeric electrolyte. [Pg.173]

Tellurium dimethylthiocarbamate in combination with mercaptoben2othia2ole, with or without tetramethylthiuram disulfide, is the fastest known accelerator for butyl mbber. It is used extensively in butyl tubes for buses and similar vehicles and in other butyl appUcations (see Elastomers, synthetic Rubber, natural). [Pg.392]

Figure I.T29 illustrates a simple distribution system and location of the main buses, devices and components to define the current ratings of all such devices and components under different operating conditions. The idetil ctirrent ratings of these components are given in Table I.TI, for an easy illustration. Figure I.T29 illustrates a simple distribution system and location of the main buses, devices and components to define the current ratings of all such devices and components under different operating conditions. The idetil ctirrent ratings of these components are given in Table I.TI, for an easy illustration.
In the cubicle construction of a switchgear assembly the busbar chamber is normally located at the top of the assembly and runs through the length of it. It is usually suitable for extension, through fish joints at either end, if required at a later date. For installations having top cable entry, the busbar chamber may also be located at the bottom of the assembly or the depth of the panel increased, with an additional shroud between the top busbar chamber and cable chamber. From these main busbars are tapped the vertical buses for each vertical panel. Manufacturers may adopt different practices for horizontal and vertical busbar arrangements to economize on their cost of production. We illustrate the most common types of busbar arrangements. [Pg.368]

Testing of metal-enclosed switchgear assemblies 14/427 Table 14.5 Temperature rise limits for buses, bus connections and other parts of a switchgear assembly... [Pg.427]

This should not be confused with AO ns used in Section 16.10 in connection with the paralleling of two generators. There it represented the electrical shift between the rotors of the two machines or supply buses. If ii is not eliminated, it will cause a circulating current between the two machines or the buses when running in parallel and will add to their healinc. [Pg.789]

Recommended Practices for Mounting Buses and Making Bus Joints... [Pg.903]

Recommended practices buses and making bus joints 29/907 Table 29.1 Recommended busbar overlaps for different sizes and torques of fasteners... [Pg.907]

Sverdlow, N, and Buchta, M.A., Practical solution of induction heating problems resulting from high current buses , Trans. IEEE, 78, 1736-1742 (1959). [Pg.950]

Wilson, W.R. and Mankoff, L.L., Short circuit forces in isolated phase buses, AIEE Trans., April (1954). [Pg.950]


See other pages where Busses is mentioned: [Pg.372]    [Pg.428]    [Pg.429]    [Pg.429]    [Pg.431]    [Pg.432]    [Pg.432]    [Pg.433]    [Pg.583]    [Pg.583]    [Pg.586]    [Pg.25]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.191]    [Pg.400]    [Pg.25]    [Pg.87]    [Pg.126]    [Pg.354]    [Pg.362]    [Pg.212]    [Pg.338]    [Pg.338]    [Pg.339]    [Pg.373]    [Pg.375]    [Pg.432]    [Pg.905]    [Pg.909]    [Pg.911]    [Pg.936]    [Pg.945]    [Pg.979]   
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Backplane-interface (bus)

Ballard buses

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Bus and tram drivers

Bus bars

Bus driver

Bus driving

Bus joints

Bus lanes

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Bus stations

Bus systems

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Bus users

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Buses, fossil-fuel

Buses, hydrogen

Buss Compounding Systems

Buss Continuous Kneader

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Buss Ko-Kneaders

Buss kneader

Buss kneaders

Buss reactor

Buss reactor technology

Busses using effects

Busses, exhaust emissions

Cars and Buses

Diesel buses

Engineering Service Bus

Fuel buses

General purpose interface bus

Hybrid electric vehicles buses

Hydrogen Buss process

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I/O bus

IEEE-488 General Purpose Interface Bus

IEEE-488 bus

Insert Bus button

Isolated phase bus systems

Master bus

Naming busses

OF BUS FRAMES AND KNIFE BLADES

Reactor Buss loop

Register and Bus Assignment

Safe field bus system

Safety Bus Routing for the Transportation of Pupils to School

School bus routing

School bus routing problem

Tab and bus ribbon

The NeSSI Bus

The school bus routing problem

Thermal bus

Top Truck and Bus Safety Issues

Transit buses

Transit buses batteries

Transit buses programs

Travel by bus

Truck and Bus Safety

Truck and bus tires

Universal Serial Bus

Vehicles fuel cell buses

We are all Salespeople on this Bus

ZEbus (Zero Emission Bus)

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