And depression

Morphine and its salts are very valuable analgesic drugs but are highly addictive. In addition to suppression of pain, morphine causes constipation, decreases pupillary size and depresses respiration. Only the (-l-)-stereoisoraer is biologically active. They appear to produce their effects on the brain by activating neuronal mechanisms normally activated by... 

That is, the number of spheres needed would increase as If, however, the surface is irregular, there will be pits and depressions into which only the smaller spheres can fit. The effect would be to msdce N(r) increase more rapidly than as r . ... 

The substance is pure, but on warming undergoes slight thermal decomposition before the melting-point is reached, and the decomposition products then act as impurities and depress the melting-point. 

Hydrocortisone and Prednisolone. Following the discovery of the antiinflammatory actions of cortisone (1) and cortisol (2), there was a need not only to develop highly efficient routes to the corticoids, but to discover novel stmctures with fewer side effects than those of the corticoids, eg, sodium and water retention, reduced carbohydrate tolerance (steroid diabetes), osteoporosis, and depressed host defense. 

Other Interaction Processes. The selectivity of flotation reagents in a pulp and their functions depend on their interactions with the mineral phases to be separated, but other physicochemical and hydrodynamic processes also play roles. AH adsorption—desorption phenomena occur at the sohd—hquid interfacial region. Surface processes that influence such adsorptions include activation and depression. Activators and depressants are auxiUary reagents. 

Patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) as antidepressant therapy have been especially subject to the hypertensive effects of vasoactive amines (52). These dietary amines have also been impHcated as causative agents ia migraine. Other aaturaHy occurring alkaloids (qv) have been recognized for centuries as possessing neurological stimulant and depressant properties. 

Random insertion of ethylene as comonomer and, in some cases, butene as termonomer, enhances clarity and depresses the polymer melting point and stiffness. Propylene—butene copolymers are also available (47). Consequendy, these polymers are used in apphcations where clarity is essential and as a sealant layer in polypropylene films. The impact resistance of these polymers is sligbdy superior to propylene homopolymers, especially at refrigeration temperatures, but still vastiy inferior to that of heterophasic copolymers. Properties of these polymers are shown in Table 4. 

Hydrogen sulfide reacts with molten sulfur and depresses the viscosity of the latter, particularly at 130—180°C iafrared spectral studies show that polysulfanes, H2S, form. The average chain length of these polysulfanes is shorter than the equiUbrium chain length of molten sulfur alone at the same temperature consequendy, the viscosity of the molten sulfur is markedly reduced (99,100). 

Bromothiophenes are toxic materials by aU routes. Inhalation toxicity of 2-bromothiophene is significant. Ecotoxicity is also noted for these materials, particularly for 2-bromo-3-methylthiophene. 2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde and the 3-methyl derivative can cause minor irritation to the skin and eyes of rabbits. The former is a sensitizer to guinea pig skin, the latter is not. 2-Acetylthiophene is toxic in aU modes of contact. Severe exposure causes serious inflammation of the lung, damage to many organs, and depression of the central nervous system. 

Glass lA Antiarrhythmic Agents. Class lA antiarrhythmic agents decrease automaticity, ie, depress pacemaker rates, especially ectopic foci rates produce moderate depression of phase 0 depolarization and thus slow conduction in atria, A-V node, His-Purkinje system, and ventricles prolong repolarization, ie, lengthen action potential duration increase refractoriness and depress excitabiHty. These electrophysiological effects are manifested in the ECG by increases in the PR, QRS, and QT intervals. 

Toxicity. 1,1-Dichloroethane, like all volatile chlorinated solvents, has an anesthetic effect and depresses the central nervous system at high vapor concentrations. The 1991 American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) recommends a time-weighted average (TWA) solvent vapor concentration of 200 ppm and a permissible short term exposure level (STEL) of 250 ppm for worker exposure. The oral LD q of... 

The holes and depressions on external surfaces were caused by deep dezincification on internal surfaces. The porous corrosion product plugs... 

The shape of the interaction area between lysozyme and the CDR loops of the antibody is easily distinguished from the hapten-binding crevice. The interaction extends over a large area with maximum dimensions of about 20 X 30 A (Figure 15.15). The interaction surface is irregular but relatively flat, with small protuberances and depressions that are complementary in the antigen and the antibody. Residues from all six CDR loops contribute to the... 

Figure 16.11 Schematic diagram of a picornavirus particle, illustrating the volume occupied by RNA and protein. The surface of the particle contains protrusions and depressions.

One recurring problem has been that a perceived shortage of a particular material has led to plans by more than one company to build large plants to produce that material, so that a shortage is then followed by a period of severe excess capacity and depressed polymer prices. 

Canadine is bitter and in small doses causes drowsiness and depression. In large doses it gives rise to transient excitement succeeded by depression and paralysis of the central nervous system. Its injection is followed by violent peristalsis with diarrhoea. It is said to have no effect on the blood pressure. The pharmacological action of canadine a- and -meihochlorides was examined by Laidlaw, who found both to have the curare-like action common to ammonium bases, the -isomeride being the more active the relative activities of the four optically active forms are given as h da. ip dp = 1 Q 2 28. 

Hypoventilation is the opposite of hyperventilation and is eharaeterized by an inability to exerete CO9 rapidly enough to meet physioiogieai needs. Hypoventilation ean be eaused by nar-eoties, sedatives, anestheties, and depressant drugs diseases of the lung also lead to hypoventilation. Hypoventilation results in respiratory acidosis, as C09(g) aeeumulates, giving rise to H9CO3, whieh dissoeiates to form H and HCOa. ... 

More then a dozen representatives of the above ring systems were introduced into the human therapy. Actisomide (2) and trequinsin (3) are used as antiarrhytmic and antihypertensive agents, respectively. Sunepitron (4), a a 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, is under clinical trials for the treatment of anxiety and depression. Representatives of the third generation of antibacterial quinolone-3-carboxylic acids the blockbluster ofloxacin (5), its levorotatory enantiomer, levofloxacin (6), and rufloxacin (7) have gained wide acceptance for the treatment of bacterial infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts, skin, and soft tissues, as well as sexually transmitted diseases, and pazufloxacin (8) is under development. Praziquantel (9) is widely applied for the treatment of schistosomes- and cestode-caused infection in both veterinary and human therapies (Scheme 4). 

Atmospheric pressure decreases by approximately 1.0 psi for every 2343 feet of elevation. Elevations below sea level, such as in excavations and depressions, atmospheric pressure increases. Pressures under water differ from those under air only because the weight of the water must be added to the pressure of the air. 

Antagonists can produce varying combinations of dextral displacement and depression of maxima of agonist dose-response curves. The concentration-related effect of an antagonist on the system response to a single concentration of agonist constitutes what will be referred to as an inhibition curve. One of the most straightforward examples... 

According to David Johnson, a psychologist writing about the effects of color, Peaceful, tranquil blue causes the body to produce calming chemicals, so it is often used in bedrooms. Blue can also be cold and depressing. Fashion consultants recommend wearing blue... 

Bipolar disorder or manic depressive illness, refers to a severe mental illness characterized by recurring episodes of mania and depression. 

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