Turbot Scophthalmus maximus

Ovemell, J., T.C. Fletcher, and R. McIntosh. 1988. The apparent lack of effect of supplementary dietary zinc on zinc metabolism and metallothionein concentrations in the turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus). Jour. Fish Biol. 33 563-570. 

Calvo, J. and Johnston, I.A. (1992). Influence of rearing temperature on the distribution of muscle fibre types in the turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, at metamorphosis. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 161,45-55. 

Henderson, R.J., Bell, M.V. and Sargent, J.R. (1985). The conversion of polyunsaturated fatty acids to prostaglandins by tissue homogenates of the turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 85,93-99. 

Owen, J.M., Adron, J.W., Middleton, C. and Cowey, C.B. (1975). Elongation and desaturation of dietary fatty acids in turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. and rainbow trout, Salmo gairdnerii Rich. Lipids 10,528-531. 

N2461 Turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, Norway, A. salmonicida atypical Type A... 

George, S., D. Burgess, M. Leaver and N. Frerichs. Metallothionein induction in cultured fibroblasts and liver of a marine flatfish, the turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Fish Physiol. Biochem. 10 43-54, 1992. 

Peters, L.D. and D.R. Livingstone. Studies on cytochrome P4501A in early and adult life stages of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). Mar. Environ. Res. 39 5-9, 1995. 

Tutundjian, R., J. Cachot, F. Leboulenger and C. Minier. Genetic and immunological characterisation of a multixenobiotic resistance system in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 132B 463-471, 2002. 

Tutundjian, R., C. Minier, F. Le Foil and F. Leboulenger. Rhodamine exclusion activity in primary cultured turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) hepatocytes. Mar. Environ. Res. 54 443-447, 2002. 

Cryptosporidium species seem to be frequent parasites in teleostean fishes. Two species, C. molnari in dorada (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and C. scophthalmi in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) have been described recently by the Alvarez-Pellitero group (Alvarez-Pellitero and Sitja-Bobadilla 2002 Alvarez-Pellitero et al. 2004 Ryan et al. 2004). In recent still unpublished experiments we showed that C. molnari oocysts were unable to infect SCID mice. We do not know, however, if fish Cryptosporidium species, whose oocysts could contaminate accidentally raw fish-based food, are infectious to humans. 

Bell JG, Tocher DR, MacDonald FM, Sargent JR. Diets rich in eicosapentaenoic acid and gamma-linolenic acid affect phospholipid fatty acid composition and production of prostaglandins El, E2, and E3 in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), a species deficient in delta 5 fatty acid desaturase. Prostagland Leukotr Essent Fatty Acids 1995 53 279-86. 

Mackie, A. M., and Adron, J. W., 1978, Identification of inosine and inosine-5 -mono-phosphate as the gustatory feeding stimulants for the turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 60A 79. 

CHEREGUINI O, CAL R, DREANNO C, OGIER DE BAULNY B, SUQUET M and MAISSE G (1997) (Short-term storage and cryopreservation of turbot Scophthalmus maximus) sperm, Aquatic Living Resources, vol. 10, pp. 251-255. 

ESTEVEZ A, MCEVOY L A, BELL G and SARGENT J R (1999) Growth, survival, lipid composition and pigmentation of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae fed live prey enriched in AA and EPA. Aquaculture, vol. 180, pp. 321-343. 

MUGNiER c, GUENNOc M, LEBEGUE E, FOSTiER A and BRETON B (2000) Induction and synchronisation of spawning in cultivated turbot Scophthalmus maximus L) broodstock by implantation of a sustained-release GnRH-a pellet , Aquaculture, vol. 181, pp. 241-255. 

ROBLES V, CABRITA E, DE PAZ P, CUNADO S, ANEL L and HERRAEZ M P (2004) Effect of a vitrification protocol on the lactate dehydrogenase and glncose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities and the hatching rates of Zebrafish Danio rerio) and Turbot Scophthalmus maximus) embryos. Theriogenology, 61,1367—1379. 

Copepods may be provided during a sensitive period (Atlantic halibut N 6SS and Lie, 1998) or as a supplement to the traditional feed - (e.g. turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) Stpttrup and Norsker, 1997 Dover sole (Solea solea) Heath and Moore, 1997). In these systems, Artemia nauplii seem to meet energy requirements, while the copepods supplement the diet with essential nutrients for improved growth, survival or higher proportion of normally developed fry. Preserved copepods were also shown to be beneficial as a supplement to traditional live prey for an ornamental fish Amphip-rion clarkia using frozen preserved copepods harvested from the wild (Olivotto et al, 2010). 

BENAVENTE G p and GATESouPE F j (1988) Bacteria associated with cultured rotifers and Artemia are detrimental to larval turbot, Scophthalmus maximus L. Aquaculture Engineering 7 289-293. 

GATESOUPE F J (1991) The effect of three strains of lactic bacteria on the production rate of rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis, and their dietary value for larval turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Aquaculture 89 139-148. 

Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) Inosine and IMP Mackie and Adron, 1978... 

CUTRIN J M, LOPEZ-VAQUEZ C, OUVEIRA J G, CASTRO S, DOPAZO C P and BaudlN I (2005) Isolation in cell culture and detection by PCR-based technology of IPNV-like virus from leucocytes of carrier turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.). Journal of Fish Diseases, 28,713-722. 

RINGO E, BIRKBECK T H, MUNRO P D, VADSTEIN O and HJELMELAND K (1996) The effect of early exposure to Vibrio pelagius on the aerobic bacterial flora of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L) larvae. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 81,207-211. 

GRISEZ L, CHAIR M, SORGELOOS p and OLLEViER F (1996) Mode of infection and spread of Vibrio anguillarum in turbot Scophthalmus maximus larvae after oral challenge through five feed, DisAquat Org, 26,181-187. 

THOMSON R, MACPHERSON H L, RiAZA A and BiRKBECK T H (2005) Vibrio splendidus biotype 1 as a cause of mortalities in hatchery-reared larval turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.),J Appl Microbiol, 99, 243-250. 

To investigate the effects of crude oil contamination on native marine fishes, Barsiene et al. (2006), applied the MN test in peripheral blood erythrocytes and in cephalic kidney cells of the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and of the Atlantic cod Gadus morud) exposed, in in vivo simulations, to this pollutant. Besides the exposition to crude oil, the authors also carried out assays with the addition of alkylphenol and PAHs into the oil with the objective to estimate the potential risk caused by the produced polluted water from the petroleum platforms since the presence of these chemicals is described in these areas. The results obtained in this work indicated a mutagenicity caused by the exposition to crude oil in both cellular types and species of fishes tested. The authors reported that the MN fi equency of the cephalic kidney cells was two times higher than of the peripheral blood erythrocytes, which can be due to the fact that the cephalic kidney is the main hematopoietic tissue in teleost fishes. The authors also showed that the addition of alkylphenol and PAHs elevated, significantly, the MN frequency indicating an increase in the induced mutagenicity. 

Developmental stages of several fish species have been evaluated with calorespirometry. The CR ratios for developing turbot Scophthalmus maximus) embryos and larvae [43] fell within the theoretical scope for oxycaloric equivalents that reflected a fully aerobic metabolism (Table 1). TTie total measured heat dissipation over the first 19 h post-fertilization matched the expected heat dissipated calculated from aerobic glycogen consumption across the same period (measured, -1.80 to -1.91 mJ biochemically predicted, -1.90 mJ). Lactate was low and constant across this period of development. The energetic role played by carbohydrates diminished after commencement of epiboly. Similar CR ratios to those of the turbot (Table 1) have been reported for embryos of the arctic char [44],... 

FOURNiER-BETZ V, QUENTEL c, LAMOUR F, LEVEN A (2000), Immunocytochemical detection of Ig-positive cells in blood, lymphoid organs and the gut associated lymphoid tissue of the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) . Fish Shellfish Immunol, 10, 187-202. 

MILLXN a, g6MEZ-TATO a, PARDO BG, FERNAnDEZ C, BOUZA C, VERA M, ALVAREZ-DIOS JA, CABALEIRO s, LAMAS J, LEMOS ML, martInez p (2011), Gene expression profiles of the spleen, liver, and head kidney in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) along the infection process with Aeromonas salmonicida using an immune-enriched oligo-microarray . Mar Biotechnol (NY), 13,1099-114. 

WANG, Q., CHEN, J., LIU, R. and jiA, J. (2011) Identification and evaluation of an outer membrane protein OmpU from a pathogenic Vibrio harveyi isolate as vaccine candidate in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Letters in Applied Microbiology 53, 22-29. 

Vibriosis is one of the most common and serious diseases of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). DeBaulney and coworkers (1996) prepared an... 

BIbRNSDOTTIR B, GUDMUNDSDOTTIR S, BAMBIR SH, MAGNADOTUR B, GUDMUNDSDOTTIR BK. Experimental infection of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), by Moritella viscosa, vaccination effort and vaccine-induced side-effects. J Fish Dis 2004, 27, 645-655. 

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