Gut associated lymphoid tissues

PERRIN F, PERRIN P, CHAMP M, BORNE, F, MEFLAH K, MENANTEAU J (1997) Short-chain frUCtO-oligosaccharides rednce the occurrence of colon tumor and develop gut-associated lymphoid tissue in Min mice. Cancer Res. 57 225-8. 

Powell, J.J. et ah. Characterisation of inorganic microparticles in pigment cells of human gut associated lymphoid tissue. Gut, 38, 390, 1996. 

Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) Lymphoid tissue, including Peyer s patches, found in the gut that is important for providing localized immunity against pathogens. 

The main site of the mucosal immune system in the gut is referred to as gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), which can be divided into inductive and effector sites. In the small intestine, the inductive sites are in the Peyer s patches, which consist of large lymphoid follicles in the terminal small intestine. The contact with external antibodies triggers a series of cascade events in the body based on immune response (Brandtzaeg et al., 1999). 

Yersinia enterocolitica Proliferation in gut associated lymphoid tissue (facultative intracellular pathogen)(heat stable enterotoxin, LPS, invasin, attachment/invasion protein adhesion Ail) Bacillus cereus Emetic toxin (vomiting) Enterotoxins (diarrheal illness) ... 

Fuel for enterocytes and for stem cells in the crypts of villi. Maintenance of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Maintenance of gut barrier, especially that in the colon. 

Eldridge, J.H., Hammond, C.J., Meulbroek, J.H., Staas, J.K., Gilley, R.M., and Tice, T.R. (1990). Controlled vaccine release in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues. I. Orally administrated biodegradable microspheres target the Peyer s patches. J. Control. Release, 11, 205-214. 

Gut associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) contain the so-called Peyer s patches which are organized lymphoid follicles with overlying M cells and are considered to be the main entry point for particulate matter during passage down the GI tract (Figure 12.3 and Figure 12.4). 

Improvement in aqueous solubility, stability, permeability and bioavailability of ingredients protection against oxidation and gastrointestinal degradation (Bhardwaj et al, 2005 Chen et al, 2006a Semo et al, 2007 McClements et al, 2008, 2009 Augustin and Hemar, 2009) provision of sustained release lymphatic absorption of filled nanoparticles via gut-associated lymphoid tissue that avoids first-pass metabolism in liver (Delie, 1998 Hussain et al, 2001 Ratnam et al, 2006)... 

Lymph may also be of importance as a vehicle for facilitating absorption and transport of lipid-soluble substances but also of particles by specialized cells (M cells) in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). 

Martin, M.S., Hammann, A. Martin, F. (1986) Gut-associated lymphoid tissue and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine intestinal tumors in the rat a histological and immunoenzymatic study. Int. J. Cancer, 38, 75-80... 

Nauss, K.M., Locniskar. M., Pavlina, T. Newbeme, PM. (1984) Morphology and distribution of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride-induced colon tumors and their relationship to gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the rat. J. natl Cancer Inst., 73, 915-924... 

The spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, and gut-associated lymphoid tissue comprise the secondary or peripheral system wherein T and B lymphocytes undergo terminal differentiation in response to antigen stimulation. 

Blanas E, Davey GM, Carbone FR, Heath WR A bone marrow-derived APC in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue captures oral antigens and presents them to both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. J Immunol 2000 164 2890-2896. 

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