Reporting to the authorities

Most countries have provisions for the reporting of occupational accidents to the authorities and/or to insurance companies, see Section 2.2. The aim is to ensure compensation to the victim for sickness leave, medical treatment, etc., and to provide the authorities with a basis for regulation of the conditions at the workplaces. As an example, the table below lists the requirement to report accidents to the authorities in Norway. Other countries have similar provisions. 

Police Fatality, serious injury Serious pollution of the environment Immediate notification Immediate notification Employer Principal enterprise 

Directorate of labour inspection Fatality, serious injury Notification and report Employer 

Health insurance office Injuries resulting in medical treatment or three days of absence or more Report within three days Employer 

Directorate of fire and explosion prevention Fire, explosion Immediate notification, report on request Employer 

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On inspection, the built-in measurements and the counter readings should be read off and recorded. Any breakdown should be reported to the authorized headquarters of the cathodic protection organization. Table 8-1 illustrates a form for use in the supervision of cathodic protection stations. Causes of trouble and remedial measures are given in Table 8-2. 

REPORTABLE DISEASE (uk) A dlscasc whlch luust be reported to the authorities when linked to specified types of work. (The Reporting of Injuries Diseases and Dangerous Occunences Regulations 1995.)... 

Investigate accidents which may have led to persons receiving effective doses in excess of 6 mSv or an equivalent dose greater than 30% of any relevant dose limit. Investigate and report to the authorities loss of materials from accidental release to atmosphere, spillages, theft. The Regulations provide a comprehensive list of notifiable concentrations for each radionuclide isotope. 

In this section we describe problems that users of equipment and computer frequently experience during validation and qualification. Problems have been either reported to the author during seminar or conference discussions or have been documented by the FDA in inspection reports and warning letters [22]. In this section we also give recommendations on how to avoid the problems or to resolve them if they occur. 

The nonconformances are immediately reported to the authority responsible for their review. 

I have only one more day to complete my investigation before I must report to the authorities. Shall I say that your honored sister refused to answer my questions ... 

The regulatory body that conducts a postapproval GMP inspection will submit its report to the authority of the importing country within 60 calendar days of the request [29], If a new inspection is necessary, the inspecting body will provide its report within 90 calendar days of the request [30], Reports of PAIs will be sent to the requesting authority within 45 calendar days of the request unless an exceptional case arises [31]. 

Although shallow-mantle xenoliths, hosted in alkali basalts, commonly contain C02-rich fluid inclusions (see below), there have been no reports, to the author s knowledge, of H20-rich fluid inclusions in these samples. The C02-rich fluid inclusions are commonly attributed to late, possibly magma-derived, metasomatism of the samples. If such metasomatism was produced by silicate- or carbonate-rich melts, ascent of such a melt could produce saturation in a C02-rich vapor, but H2O would partition strongly into either residual melt or hydrous phases such as phlogopite or amphibole. Thus, the absence of H2O in the fluid inclusions in these samples cannot be taken as evidence that the metasomatic agent was anhydrous. 

Food poisoning does not have to be reported to the authorities unless it involves a disease covered by the German Epidemic Control Act. It is, however, strongly advisable to inform the appropriate authorities when food poisoning occurs or is suspected (see, for example, regulations relating to aflatoxin). 

The MA holders are obligated to send periodic reports to the authorities concerning all registered ADRs in the scientific leaflet, whether they are severe or not severe. These reports have to be sent with the following frequency ... 

The approach described above is good in that the public will more easily be able to access environmental data as it is reported to the authorities, although the very act of being directed to it distances the company from the stakeholder. Furthermore, it is likely that little encouragement will be given to direct the stakeholder to source data or to ask questions resulting from it. The quality of the data is also not often apparent (i.e. has it been verified ) and its transient nature makes assessment of performance over time the property of the company. 

A regulatory programme in Canada that requires the reporting to the authorities of all releases of listed substances in excess of a specified threshold quantity. 

The battery producers are obliged to monitor and analyse the results obtained with the collecting operations. They must submit an atmual report to the authority for waste management. In practice, this regulation compels the producers to participate in the recycling process and introduces the producers responsibility . 

The laboratory must retain and store frozen compliant samples for a minimum period of time (typically 1-3 months) after the final analytical report is transmitted to the competent authority. Non-compliant samples must be stored frozen for a longer period of time, typically 1-5 years, following the report to the authorities. If an analytical result is challenged, the storage duration of both the sample and the dossier may be prolonged. If the laboratory wishes... 

Conformal deposition and nanohole fill using dimethyl(l,5-cyclooctadiene)platinum(II) (Pt(cod)Me2)[8,9] and (ethylcyclopentadienyl)trimethyl platinum (MeCpPtMe3)[10] as a precursor has been already reported. These compounds are less stable and are not affordable. Contraiily, Pt(hfac)2 is a very common compound and is widely available. In addition, Pt fill in nano features has been rarely reported to the author s knowledge except our studies[ 11,12]. In the present study, we report Pt coat and fill of Pt in the nano-sized features by using Pt(hfac)2. We focused mainly on the dependence of substrate surfaces on the Pt growth. 

Reporting to the authorized inspector any process changes that could affect pressure vessel integrity... 

Ensuring that all jurisdictional requirements for pressure vessel inspection, repairs, alterations, and reratings are continuously met Reporting to the authorized inspector any process changes that could affect pressure vessel integrity... 

The national laws vary concerning the requirements to report less severe accidents to the responsible authorities. In the USA, so-called OSHA recordable accidents involving absence from work, medical treatment, loss of consciousness, restriction of work or motion or transfer to another job are reported to the authorities on a sampling basis. 

Before the system was introduced, emissions were registered continuously by measuring the nitrogen content in the exhaust air in the pipe. This information was stored and summarised in internal reports and reports to the authorities. In case of major accidental emissions, the causes were analysed... 

Meeting regulatory requirements. Most countries have mandatory provisions for accident reporting within the company and for reporting to the authorities, see further Section 2.2. 

Earlier studies in the Scandinavian countries have shown that the reporting of accidents to the authorities is unreliable and that on average about 50 per cent of the reportable accidents never are reported (Kjellen et ai, 1986). Differences between the countries could be explained by varying benefit levels, as determined by the workmen s compensation system. There are reasons to assume that the accidents that are not reported to the authorities are not documented and followed up at company level either. This means that important experience is lost. 

The inspection and testing activities are subject to detailed planning. Procedures define the criticality of the technical components and systems and the inspection and testing intervals. Based on these procedures, yearly inspection and testing programmes are established. The results are followed up with immediate corrective actions where required and with more longterm measures. The status is reported to the authorities on a regular basis. 

Are the feedback loops closed Are the routines for the reporting and investigation of accidents and near accidents and for the execution of workplace inspections and SHE audits adequate Are the results used in decisions to improve safety, and is there a follow-up of the implementation of the actions decided upon Does the company meet the requirements in relation to reporting to the authorities Have the routines been documented and are they known to the people concerned ... 

Internal periodic reports Reports to the authorities Reports to insurance company... 

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