Glycogen consumption

Unlike thiabendazole, mebendazole (Vernwx) does not inhibit fumarate reductase. While mebendazole binds to both mammalian and nematode tubuhn, it exhibits a differential affinity for the latter, possibly explaining the selective action of the drug. The selective binding to nematode tubulin may inhibit glucose absorption, leading to glycogen consumption and ATP depletion. 

Premvati, G. Tayal, S. (1978). Glycogen content and in vitro glycogen consumption in Stilesia globipunctata (Rivolta, 1874). Indian Journal of Parasitology, 2 73-5. 

Developmental stages of several fish species have been evaluated with calorespirometry. The CR ratios for developing turbot Scophthalmus maximus) embryos and larvae [43] fell within the theoretical scope for oxycaloric equivalents that reflected a fully aerobic metabolism (Table 1). TTie total measured heat dissipation over the first 19 h post-fertilization matched the expected heat dissipated calculated from aerobic glycogen consumption across the same period (measured, -1.80 to -1.91 mJ biochemically predicted, -1.90 mJ). Lactate was low and constant across this period of development. The energetic role played by carbohydrates diminished after commencement of epiboly. Similar CR ratios to those of the turbot (Table 1) have been reported for embryos of the arctic char [44],... 

Stimulation of glycogen breakdown involves consumption of molecules of ATP at three different steps in the hormone-sensitive adenylyl cyclase cascade (Figure 15.19). Note that the cascade mechanism is a means of chemical amplification, because the binding of just a few molecules of epinephrine or glucagon results in the synthesis of many molecules of cyclic / MP, which, through the action of c/ MP-dependent protein kinase, can activate many more molecules of phosphorylase kinase and even more molecules of phosphorylase. For example, an extracellular level of 10 to 10 M epinephrine prompts the for-... 

Using the values in Table 24.1 for body glycogen content and the data in part b of the illustration for A Deeper Look (page 759), calculate the rate of energy consumption by muscles in heaty exercise (in J/sec). Use the data for fast-twitch muscle. 

When an organism is in steady state, the rates of production and consumption of biomolecules are equal, and there is no net addition to the body on a time scale longer than a few hours (e.g., temporary storage of glucose as glycogen or FAs as fat globules). This is an adequate description of a mature... 

Starvation stimulates the consumption of glycogen reserves in liver... 

At soil Zn concentration of 28 mg/kg DW (control), worms contained 320 mg Zn/kg DW. At soil Zn levels of 97, 110, 190, and 320 mg/kg DW, whole worms contained 810, 1300, 1100 and 650 mg Zn/kg DW, respectively. No worms were found at soil Zn levels of 470 mg/kg DW No deaths in any group. Significantly reduced food consumption in 300 and 1000 mg/kg diets. All groups weighed less than controls at day 27, but growth was statistically impaired only in the 1000 mg/kg group No adverse effects except for glycogen depression at 1000 mg/kg diet... 

Aspirin in doses used to treal rheumatoid arthritis can result in uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, increased oxygen consumption, depletion of hepatic glycogen, and the pyref c effect of toxic doses of salicylate. Depending on the degree of salicylate intoxication, the symptoms can vary from tinnitus to pronounced CNS and acid-base disturbance. 

Figure 13.20 The use of glycogen and/or fatty acids during a prolonged running event (an ultramarathon). The distance of an ultramarathon is usually >50 miles. In the early part of the run, both glycogen and fatty acids are the fuels oxidised by the muscle. After several hours, glycogen is exhausted and fatty acids are the only fuel used. As fatty acid oxidation cannot provide more than about 60% of the ATP required for maximum power output, if the athlete is running at about 70 or 80% of the maximum, the output (i.e. the pace) must slow. Hence the rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) falls to about 60% of maximum (V02 ax), as shown in the Figure. The data on which the plot is based are from Davies Thompson (1979).

The consumption and subsequent metabolism of ethanol inhibits gluconeogenesis, leading to hypoglycemia in individuals with depleted stores of glycogen. Alcohol consumption can also increase the risk for hypoglycemia in patients using insulin. 

Vitamin Biotin RDA/AI Men women 30 MQ/d Physiological Function Coenzyme in the synthesis of fat, glycogen, and amino acids Adverse Effects of Excessive Consumption No adverse effects have been reported ... 

Post-spawning (pre-wintering feeding). This period is marked by intensive lipid accumulation that will allow normal living of the population later, when food consumption has ceased or been much curtailed. Fish accumulate substantial reserves of triacyl-glycerols, and the content of creatine phosphate in the muscle and glycogen in the muscle and liver increase. A similar increase is found in the content of serum proteins, albumin in particular, which provides for future gonad development. The increase in protein continues, but is less than the accumulation of lipids. 

Food consumption entails the transformation of organic substances. It is therefore not possible to determine the consumption of proteins, lipids and glycogen merely by multiplying A by the quotient 1.25 as when dealing with fresh and dry matter and calorie uptake. To do that, one would have to know the chemical composition of the food. 

Figure 65 The consumption by populations of different species coarse broken line, protein fine broken line, lipids broken and dotted line, total mineral matter solid line, glycogen.

Table IV. Contribution of Glucose, Glycogen and Fatty Acids to Oxygen ConsuMption of Leg Muscles of Man during Mild Prolonged Exercise...

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