Three-dimensional culture

Yang SH et al (2008) Three-dimensional culture of human nucleus pulposus cells in fibrin clot comparisons on cellular proliferation and matrix synthesis with cells in alginate. Artif Organs 32(l) 70-73... 

Ghosh S, SpagnoH GC, Martin I et al (2005) Three-dimensional culture of melanoma cells profoimdly affects gene expression profile a high density oligonucleotide array study. J CeU Physiol 204 522-531... 

Lee GY, Kenny PA, Lee EH et al (2007) Three-dimensional culture models of normal and malignant breast epithelial cells. Nat Methods 4 359-365... 

Modeling lymphangiogenesis in a three-dimensional culture system. Nat Methods 5 431-437... 

Weaver VM, Petersen OW, Wang F et al (1997) Reversion of the malignant phenotype of human breast cells in three-dimensional culture and in vivo by integrin blocking antibodies. J CeU Biol 137 231-245... 

Howes AL, Chiang GG, Lang ES et al (2007) The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, PX-866, is a potent inhibitor of cancer cell motility and growth in three-dimensional cultures. Mol Cancer Ther 6 2505-2514... 

Wu YM, Tang J, Zhao P et al (2009) Morphological changes and molecular expressions of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in three-dimensional culture model. Exp Mol Pathol 87 133-140... 

An Z, Gluck CB, Choy ML et al (2010) SuberoylaniUde hydroxamic acid limits migration and invasion of glioma cells in two and three dimensional culture. Cancer Lett 292 215-227... 

Alves PM, Moreira JL, Rodrigues JM, Aunins JG, Carrondo MJT (1996), Two dimensional versus three dimensional cultures systems effects on growth and productivity of BHK cells, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 52 429-432. 

Liu M, Xu J, Souza P, Tanswell B, Tanswell AK, Post M. The effect of mechanical strain on fetal rat lung cell proliferation Comparison of two- and three-dimensional culture systems. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 1995 31 858-866. 

Another area that has seen considerable advances is that of the physical environment for cell growth. Glassware has almost entirely disappeared from most tissue culture laboratories, to be replaced by an enormous, and expensive, range of plasticware. This has enabled the scientist to derive more sophisticated culture vessels and has led to the manufacture of three-dimensional culture systems and microcarriers. An added benefit has been the reliability and reproducibility of culture systems and, as a result, the avoidance of variability and contamination... 

In addition to the improved structure and cell connectivity, three-dimensional cultures have shown increased survival and enhanced neuronal differentiation compared to traditional mono-layer cultures [36, 37], The increased survival could be related to the improved cell-cell and cell-matrix contact as it leads to improved cell signaling and gap junction connections. Also cellcell signaling can promote proliferation of glial and NSCs that can contribute to increased culture survival. Moreover, the improved cellcell interaction in the 3D structure, especially between astrocytes and neurons, enhances neurogenesis, synapse formation, and axon myelination. 

Preynat-Seauve O, Suter DM, Tirefort D, Turchi L, Virolle T, Chneiweiss H, Fori M, Lobrinus JA, Stoppini L, Fcki A, Dubois-Dauphin M, Krause KH (2009) Development of hitman nervous tissue upon differentiation of embryonic stem cells in three-dimensional culture. Stem Cells 27(3) 509-520... 

Luo, J. Three Dimensional Culturing of Animal Cells in Fibrous Bed Bioreactor. Ph.D. Thesis, The Ohio State University, 2002. 

Chen, C. Huang, Y.L. Yang, S.-T. Effects of three-dimensional culturing on osteosarcoma cells grown in a fibrous matrix analyses of cell morphology, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Biotechnol. Prog. 2003, 19, 1574-1582. 

Honegger, P. and Tenot-Sparti, M. (1992) Developmental effects of basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor on glial cells in a three-dimensional culture system. J. Neuroimmunol. 40 295-304. 

Ishaug-Riley, S. L. et al.. Three-dimensional culture of rat calvarial osteoblasts in porous biodegradable polymers. Biomaterials, 19, 1405, 1998. 

Vinatier, C. Magne, D. Weiss, P. Trojani, C. Rochet, N. Carle, G.F. Vignes-Colombeix, C. et al. A silanized hydroxypropyl methylcellulose hydrogel for the three-dimensional culture of chondrocytes. Biomaterials 2005, 26 (33), 6643-6651. 

Trojani, C. Weiss, R Michiels, J.F. Vinatier, C. Guicheux, J. Daculsi, G. Gaudray, R Carle, G.F. Rochet, N. Three-dimensional culture and differentiation of human osteogenic cells in an injectable hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel. Biomaterials 2005, 26 (27), 5509-5517. 

Hwang, N. S., Kim, M. S., Sampattavanich, S., Baek, J. H., Zhang, Z., Elisseeff, J. Effects of three dimensional culture and growth factors on the chondrogenic differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells. 2006, 24, 284-291. 

An array of micromechanical stimulators are microfabricated for high-throughput cytomechanics studies and can exist in the form of two-dimensiraial or three-dimensional cultures. Besides the ability to examine the effects of varying mechanical strains on the cellular activities, this system can incorporate various nonmechanical parameters (e.g., biomaterials and chemical stimulation) to facilitate parallel combinatorial screening with mechanical strain parameters. 

Eiraku M, Takata N, Ishibashi H, Kawada M, Sakakura E, Okuda S, Sekiguchi K, Adachi T, Sasai Y (2011) Self-organizing optic-cup morphogenesis in three-dimensional culture. Nature 472 51-56. 

Ramasamy, T. S., Yu, J. S., Selden, C., Hodgson, H., Cui, W. 2013. Application of three-dimensional culture conditions to human embryonic stem cell-derived definitive endoderm cells enhances hepatocyte differentiation and functionality. Tissue Engineering Part A, 19(3 ), 360-7. 

Nilsang S, Nehru V, Plieva EM, Nandakumar KS, Rakshit SK, Holmdahl R, Mattiasson B, Kumar A (2008) Three-dimensional culture for mtmoclonal antibody productitm by hybridoma cells immobilized in macroporous gel particles. Biotechnol Prog 24 1122-1131... 

Doillon CJ, Gagnon E, Paradis R, Koutsilieris M (1994). Three-dimensional culture system as a model for studying cancer cell invasion capacity and anticancer drug sensitivity. Anticancer Res 24 2169-2177. 

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