Sunscreen dispersion

Uses Solvent for org. sunscreens dispersant in powds. lipsticks, inorg. sunscreens... 

Container Molding. Antiperspirant, deodorant, sunscreen, and antiacne sticks are container molded. The amount of dispersed ingredients makes them brittle and difficult to handle mechanically. 

Titanium dioxide pigments are also used as UV absorbers in sunscreen products, soaps, cosmetic powders, creams, toothpaste, cigar wrappers, and in the cosmetics industry. Their most important properties are their lack of toxicity, compatibility with skin and mucous membranes, and good dispersibility in organic and inorganic solutions and binders. 

Uses Thiram is a dimethyl dithiocarbamate compound and appears as a white to yellow crystalline powder with a characteristic odor. Thiram is used to prevent crop damage in the field and to protect harvested crops from deterioration in storage or transport. Thiram also is used as a seed protectant and to protect fruits, vegetables, ornamentals, and turf crops from a variety of fungal diseases. In addition, it is used as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals from damage by rabbits, rodents, and deer. Thiram is available as dust, flowable, wettable powder, water-dispersible granules, water suspension formulations, and in mixtures with other fungicides. Thiram has been used in the treatment of human scabies, as a sunscreen, and as a bactericide applied directly to the skin or incorporated into soap.17,50,52... 

In the cosmetics industry, finely dispersed fillers, are used as abrasives (toothpaste, scrub cosmetics), for their light reflecting properties (sunscreen lotions), for their dehydrating and astringent effect (kaolin in face masks), for their cooling effect (zinc oxide in sunburn lotion), and as cosmetic color additives and extenders (makeup). The many different applications require an extensive range of filler properties. 

Cosmetic products have been the samples for the SFE of their active compounds. Thus, parabens have been extracted from cosmetics, either with pure supercritical CO2 (157) or with 0.05% acetonitrile-modified CO2 (158). SFE of sunscreen agents prior HPLC (159) and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (160) has been carried out, yielding 94.8% and 98.4-101.8% recovery, respectively. An inverse SFE procedure has been developed for the efficient isolation of six xanthene dyes from lipstick matrices (161), which only removed the matrix components, whereas the xanthene colorants remained in the extraction vessel. The target analytes were quantitatively recovered by dispersion of the sample in ethanol under sonication. Finally, cosmetic waxes have been extracted by SFE prior to SFC, using multivariate data analysis for their quantitation (162). 

Several industrial systems involve emulsions, of which the following are worthy of mention. Food emulsions include mayonnaise, salad creams, deserts, and beverages, while personal care and cosmetics emulsions include hand creams, lotions, hair sprays, and sunscreens. Agrochemical emulsions include self-emulsifiable oils that produce emulsions on dilution with water, emulsion concentrates with water as the continuous phase, and crop oil sprays. Pharmaceutical emulsions include anaesthetics (O/W emulsions), hpid emulsions, and double and multiple emulsions, while paints may involve emulsions of alkyd resins and latex. Some dry-cleaning formulations may contain water droplets emulsified in the dry cleaning oil that is necessary to remove soils and clays, while bitumen emulsions are prepared stable in their containers but coalesce to form a uniform fihn of bitumen when apphed with road chippings. In the oil industry, many crude oils (e.g.. North sea oil) contain water droplets that must be removed by coalescence followed by separation. In oil slick dispersion, the oil spilled from tankers must be emulsified and then separated, while the emulsification of waste oils is an important process for pollution control. 

The formulation of suspoemulsions for sunscreens and colour cosmetics remains a challenge for the chemist due to the complex interactions between the particles and droplets that may result in heteroflocculation [4]. One of the main challenges here is to ensure that the small submicron particles remain individually dispersed in the formulation in order to achieve maximum UV protection for sunscreens and optimum colour properties for make-up products. To achieve maximum dispersion... 

AI3-31580 Ceraphyi 368 EINECS 249-862-1 Elfacos EHP Ethylhexyl palmitate 2-Ethylhexyl hexadecanoate 2-Ethylhexyl palmitate Hexadecanoic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester Octyl palmitate Palmitic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester Unimate EHP Wickenoi 155. Used in sunscreens, antispersipirants, bath oils, liquid make-up imparts gloss binder for pressed powders solubilizer for benzophenone-3. Emollient, moisturizer, pigment wetter/dispersant increases water vapor porosity of fatty components used in cosmetic and topical pharmaceutical preparations. Skin emollient for lotions and creams. CasChem Index Union Camp Van Dyk. 

For example, advanced sunscreens are supplied as freely dispersed suspension in water, and hydrophilic silica microcapsules enhance the bioavailability of the entrapped active ingredients. Moreover, silica microcapsules from 0/W emulsions are clear and smooth to the touch, ideally suited for cosmetic formulations. Developed by Sol-Gel Technologies, the UV-Pearls know-how and production line were sold by Sol-Gel Technologies to Merck, which started to market them in 2002. These suspensions ( Eusolex UV-Pearls ) are nowadays used by several cosmetic companies to formulate high sun protection factors lotions (Figure 18.4) with improved safety profile. 

Many of the molecules used as sunscreens such as 4-methylbenzylidene camphor and octyl methoxycinnamate, in fact, show estrogenic activity and are potential endocrine disrupters. The product is normally supplied as aqueous white liquid dispersion containing approximately... 

Villalobos-Hernandez, J.R. and C.C. Miiller-Goymann. Physical stability, centrifugation tests, and entrapment efficiency studies of carnauba wax-decyl oleate nanoparticles used for the dispersion of inorganic sunscreens in aqueous media. Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 63 (2006) 115-127. 

Complete and uniform dispersibility of fillers in a matrix is a prerequisite for a con )osite to have optimum properties. Regardless of conq>osition, shape or size of the particles, less than optimum distribution in, for exanq)le, ceramic, metal or polymer material can result in lower mechanical strength, random discoloration or decreased electrical or thermal conductivity. For these and other reasons much effort has been and continues to be devoted to understanding fundamental reasons why some powders readily disperse in a medium and others do not. It is clear from many historic studies (1-4) that the surface chemistry of a particle, which dictates relative hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity and zeta potential, is the dominant factor. Benefit of perfected filler dispemibility are found in dental resins (5), personal body armor (6), cosmetics and sunscreens (7), rubber products (5), latex paint (P), metal matrix conq)osites (10), inks and gels (11), many foods, and in abrasive slurries used for chemical mechanical planarization (CMP of wafers during con )uter chip manufacture (12),... 

Synonyms 1-Octanol, 2-butyl-, benzoate Uses Plasticizer, emollient, skin conditioner, solvent, carrier, pigment wetting agent/dispersant, lubricant in cosmetics, creams/lotions, hair care, skin care solvent for sunscreen actives... 

Uses Skin softener pigment dispersant for iron oxides and titanium dioxide sunscreens Trade Name Synonyms Liquiwax IPL [Arch Personal Care Prods. http //www.archchemicals.com]... 

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