Standards, recognized

Longitudinal groove weld includes straight and spiral seam. Criteria are not intended to apply to welds made in accordance with component standards recognized by the code (ref. ASME.B31.3 Table A1 and Table 326.1) however, alternative leak test requirements dictate that all component welds be examined (see code for specific requirements). 

The standard recognizes the factors that determine the correctness and reliability of test results human factors, accommodation and environment, methods, equipment, sampling, and the handling of test items. In this list, measurement traceability is mentioned, but in fact metrological traceability, with measurement uncertainty and method validation, are really subsumed in methods. (subsection 5.4). The effect of each of these factors on measurement uncertainty will differ considerably among kinds of tests. 

The standard recognizes (section 5.6.1) that the traceability requirements should apply to aspects of the method that have a significant influence on the result of the measurement. For an analytical chemistry laboratory, as well as for the reference materials used for calibrating the response of an instrument, balances will need to be calibrated from time to time, and appropriate certification of the traceability of glassware and thermometers must be available. 

The purpose of a pharmacopeia and particularly of the European Pharmacopeia is to promote public health by providing common standards recognized by health authorities and all those concerned with the quality of medicines. Such standards are to be of appropriate quality as a basis for the safe use of medicines by patients and consumers. Their existence facilitates the free movement of medicinal products in Europe and ensures the quality of medicinal products exported from Europe. 

These collaborative studies have led to the establishment of European working standards. Consequently, the titers and potencies of biological products will be expressed with respect to the same reference standard. The existence of reference standards recognized throughout Europe enables national control agencies and manufacturers to avoid costly duplications of work on secondary standards that could otherwise lead to disagreements. 

E. W. Washburn of the National Bureau of Standards, recognizing that there was actually little known on the hydrocarbons in petroleum in spite of considerable excellent scattered work that had been done on this subject, had set up a modest project in 1926 to study petroleum composition. 

In some countries, recommended practices for minimizing residue and MRL concerns in exported foods have been developed for farmers and exporters. For example, it has been the practice of the Chilean Exporters Association jointly with the University of Chile to develop an information system for growers based on supervised trials to determine withholding periods (i.e., preharvest intervals) to meet the MRL standards recognized by the authorities in major export markets... 

The ISO 9001 standard was originally based on BS 5750. A primary objective of this standard is to ensure the commitment of management to quality with respect to the business as well as to customer needs. The Quality Systems Management standard recognizes that employees require measurable objectives. In addition to a detailed record system that shows the origin of raw materials and how the products were processed, it includes auditing (both internal and external, in the form of certification) at defined intervals to check and ensure conformity and effectiveness. 

The standard recognizes that the specified activities might be structured in different ways, provided that all the requirements are complied with. This restructuring can be beneficial if it allows safety activities to be better integrated into normal project procedures. The purpose of Clause 6 of lEC 61511-1 ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004 Part 1 (lEC 61511-1 Mod) is to ensure that if a different safety lifecycle is used, the inputs and output of each phase of the lifecycle are defined and all essential requirements are incorporated. 

All equipment used for examinations and tests should be of a quality, range and accuracy that are acceptable according to standards recognized by the regulatory body. 

The new (Z359.13) PEAs must absorb more fall energy in the tests, so the standard recognizes that they may need to deploy more than 3.5 feet. 

Expiration claims could be documented by real-time shelf life testing, however, the timelines for product development would be adversely affected. The developers of the ISO 11607 standard recognized this hindrance and therefore have allowed that accelerated aging tests may be undertaken in addition to real-time aging tests by storage under conditions of increased severity. This provision is beneficial however, no guidance is provided as to what conditions of adverse severity are permissible or technically reliable. It therefore has become crucial that guidance and standards be provided to help manufacturers establish product shelf life and expiration claims. 

The primary purpose of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (29 USC 655 et seq) is to ensure, to the extent possible, safe and healthful working conditions for every American worker over his or her working lifetime. OSHA s lead standard requires that a worker who has a single BLL over 60 pg/dL or three BLLs averaging over 50 pg/dL be removed from performing lead work until his or her BLL is under 40 p dL on two occasions. Thus, the current OSHA lead standard recognizes a level of concern for workers who have BLLs of 40-60 pg/dL or higher. The committee therefore focused its attention on whether lead... 

The Standard calls for a survey of each activity involving more than threshold quantities of fissionable materials and the installation of an alarm system wherever it is judged that such a system will provide a reduction in total risk. Here, the Standard recognizes that false alarms occur and thus introduce the possibility of iryury to those who respond to the alarm signal. 

The Scope section (1.1) states that the standard defines the minimum requirements [emphasis added] for occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS). The emphasis in the advisory data is on a generic and systems approach for continual improvement in safety and health management, and the avoidance of specifications. Further, the writers of the standard recognized the uniqueness of the culture and organizational structures of individual organizations and the need for each entity to define its own specific measures of performance. ... 

In 1790, a commission of the French Academy of Science developed a standardized system of weights and measures that defined unitary weights, volumes, and distances on quantities that were deemed unchangeable and that related to each other in some basic manner. This metric system has since developed into the Systeme international d unites (International System of Units abbreviated SI) and is the universal standard recognized and used around the world. 

The standard recognizes that certain foundations may be of adequate firmness to support a scaffold without the use of mud sills. Generally, the adequacy of a foundation to support a scaffold cannot be determined in the abstract because of the numerous factors which may exist at a work site. Concrete is the lone exception to this rule, which, because of its structural properties and strength, OSHA has determined constitutes a firm foundation. 

OSHA considers 50 volts to be the recognized threshold for hazardous electric shock. Several OSHA and national consensus standards recognize this 50-volt threshold. OSHA s general industry and construction electrical standards both require guarding of live parts energized at 50 or more volts. Also, the NFPA70E and the National Electrical Safety Code have electrical safety requirements starting at 50 volts. 

Utilization of Industry Standards Recognized international codes and standards should be used (e.g., API, ASME, ASTM, CCPS, NACE, NFPA) in the design and in any proposed modification. It should be realized that compliance with a code or a standard is not sufficient in itself to ensure a safe design is provided. 

The standard recognizes that contractors are widely used in the offshore industry and that they should provide safe and reliable equipment and effective training to their employees. However, RP 75 does state, This recommended practice does not require contractors to develop a SEMP. However, contractors should be familiar with the operator s SEMP and should have safety and environmental policies and practices that are consistent with the operator s SEMP. Further discussion regarding contractors is provided in RP 75 s Appendix A. 

The standard recognizes that auditing can be conducted on a sample of facilities and operations. However, that sample should cover a cross-section of personnel, equipmentand regional areas. The standard calls for at least fifteen percent (15%) of the facilities to be audited. 

The earliest standards recognized that some dusts, such as silica, produced rather specific toxic effects. In these cases, the ACGIH sets specific limits for the chemical. An example is aluminum, which the ACGIH elected to place in five separate subcategories metal dust, pyropowders, welding fumes, soluble salts, and alkyls. Other examples are barium subeategorized as soluble barium and barium sulfate and coal dust. 

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