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Proteins functioning

Proteins are biopolymers formed by one or more continuous chains of covalently linked amino acids. Hydrogen bonds between non-adjacent amino acids stabilize the so-called elements of secondary structure, a-helices and / —sheets. A number of secondary structure elements then assemble to form a compact unit with a specific fold, a so-called domain. Experience has shown that a number of folds seem to be preferred, maybe because they are especially suited to perform biological protein function. A complete protein may consist of one or more domains. [Pg.66]

The SWISS-PROT database [36] release 40.44 (February, 2003) contains over 120 000 sequences of proteins with more than 44 million amino adds abstracted from about 100 000 references. Besides sequence data, bibHographical references, and taxonomy data, there are highly valuable annotations of information (e.g., protein function), a minimal level of redundancy, and a high level of integration with other databases (EMBL, PDB, PIR, etc.). The database was initiated in 1987 by a partnership between the Department of Medicinal Biochemistry of the University of Geneva, Switzerland, and the EMBL. Now SWISS-PROT is driven as a joint project of the EMBL and the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB). [Pg.261]

Foldmg/unfoldmg Protein functionality (10 -10 s) more than 10 A... [Pg.40]

Morr, C.V., "Current Status of Soy Protein Functionality in Food Systems," Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 67 (5) 265-27 (1990). [Pg.367]

FIGURE 5.13 Two basic types of biological transport are (a) transport within or between different cells or tissues and (b) transport into or out of cells. Proteins function in both of these phenomena. For example, the protein hemoglobin transports oxygen from the lungs to actively respiring tissues. Transport proteins of the other type are localized in cellular membranes, where they function in the uptake of specific nutrients, such as glucose (shown here) and amino acids, or the export of metabolites and waste products. [Pg.123]

Creighton, T. E., ed., 1997. Protein Function—A Practical Approach, 2nd ed. Oxford IRL Pre.s.s at Oxford University Press. [Pg.152]

Nearly all biological processes involve the specialized functions of one or more protein molecules. Proteins function to produce other proteins, control all aspects of cellular metabolism, regulate the movement of various molecular and ionic species across membranes, convert and store cellular energy, and carry out many other activities. Essentially all of the information required to initiate, conduct, and regulate each of these functions must be contained in... [Pg.158]

Chemistry of photoproteins (modified proteins with luminescent covalent-linked heterocyclic fragments) as interface between bioactive molecules and protein function 98PAC2085. [Pg.238]

Acyl azide, amines from, 935 Acyl carrier protein, function of, 1 140 Acyl cation, electrostatic potential map of, 558... [Pg.1282]

Also databases of scientific literature (such as PUBMED, MEDLINE) provide additional functionality, e.g. they can search for similar articles based on word-usage analysis. Text recognition systems are being developed that automatically extract knowledge about protein function from the abstracts of scientific articles, notably on protein-protein interactions. [Pg.261]

More detailed aspects of protein function can be obtained also by force-field based approaches. Whereas protein function requires protein dynamics, no experimental technique can observe it directly on an atomic scale, and motions have to be simulated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Also free energy differences (e.g. between binding energies of different protein ligands) can be characterised by MD simulations. Molecular mechanics or molecular dynamics based approaches are also necessary for homology modelling and for structure refinement in X-ray crystallography and NMR structure determination. [Pg.263]

Chloride channels are membrane proteins that allow for the passive flow of anions across biological membranes. As chloride is the most abundant anion under physiological conditions, these channels are often called chloride channels instead of anion channels, even though other anions (such as iodide or nitrate) may permeate better. As some CLC proteins function as CF-channels, whereas other perform CF/H+-exchangers are also mentioned here. [Pg.371]

Phosphorylation is the reversible process of introducing a phosphate group onto a protein. Phosphorylation occurs on the hydroxyamino acids serine and threonine or on tyrosine residues targeted by Ser/Thr kinases and tyrosine kinases respectively. Dephosphorylation is catalyzed by phosphatases. Phosphorylation is a key mechanism for rapid posttranslational modulation of protein function. It is widely exploited in cellular processes to control various aspects of cell signaling, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell survival, cell metabolism, cell motility, and gene transcription. [Pg.976]

Very large Serine/Threonine kinases and the molecular Target of Rapamycin, a naturally occurring secondary metabolite, TOR proteins function within multiprotein complexes to couple cell growth and stress responses to environmental and developmental cues. [Pg.1213]

Biochemical purification of TOR demonstrated that this protein functions as the catalytic component of two distinct multiprotein complexes known as TOR complex 1 (TORC1) and TOR complex 2 (TORC2). Like TOR, these complexes appear to have been structurally and functionally conserved form yeast to man. The mammalian equivalents are known as mTORCl and mTORC2. [Pg.1213]

Ubiquitin/Proteasome. Figure 2 Functional consequences of ubiquitin linkage. Substrates (blue bars) are linked via lysine residues (K) to ubiquitin or ubiquitin chains, (a) Attachment of chains connected via Lysines in position 48 of ubiquitin (K48) targets substrates for proteasomal degradation. In contrast modification of one (b) or multiple (c) lysines by a single ubiquitin molecule mediates novel protein interactions or initiates endocytosis. Conjugation of K63-linked polyubiquitin (d) alters protein function and can also serve as a signal for endocytosis. [Pg.1264]

The macrolides are bacteriostatic or bactericidal in susceptible bacteria The drugs act by binding to cell membranes and causing changes in protein function. [Pg.86]

There are four levels of sUucture observed in proteins [9] and it is important that once the molecular weight of a protein has been determined that these are also elucidated in order that the way in which the protein functions may be understood. [Pg.206]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.59 ]




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A Selective Survey of Ga Protein Structure and Function

Activator proteins, function engineering

Acyl carrier protein, function

Adipocyte lipid-binding protein function

Apolipoprotein protein function

Applications Protein Function

Applications in Protein Structure and Function Modeling

Assigning Enzyme Function from DNA Sequence or Recombinant Proteins

B5 Functionality of Proteins

Bacteria, protein structure-function studies

Bioactive Food Proteins and their Biological Functions

Biological Functions of Iron-Containing Proteins

Biological systems protein function

Blue copper proteins function

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases function

Canola protein functional properties

Cell Division Activity, Errors in Function of Signal Proteins and Tumor Formation

Cell function proteins

Cellular retinol-binding protein function

Chaperone proteins, apoE function

Chemical protein function

Circular permutations, protein function

Cobalt protein-functionalized

Computational protein design energy function

Copper proteins functions

Cucumber basic blue protein function

Density functional theory protein-ligand interactions

Directed evolution of protein function

Elucidation of Protein Function by Chemical Modification

Engineering Control Over Protein Function

Escherichia coli, protein structure-function

Eukaryotic systems, protein structure-function

Eukaryotic systems, protein structure-function studies

Expression of Genes Encoded for Functional Proteins

FK506 binding proteins functions

FUNCTIONALITY AND PROTEIN STRUCTURE

Fatty acid-binding proteins function

Fluorescent proteins biological function

Fold and protein function

Food protein functional properties

Food protein ingredients functionality

Forming Functional Proteins

From Gene to Functional Protein Processing Steps in Plants

Function and Coordination Chemistry of Cd(II) in Metalloregulatory Proteins

Function of Cap-Binding Proteins

Functional Diversity of Proteins

Functional Domains of the P22 Scaffolding Protein

Functional Sites of Proteins

Functional analysis of RNA-protein complexes in vitro

Functional and Genomic Analysis of the Unfolded Protein Response

Functional annotation of proteins

Functional bioassays proteins

Functional coding principle, proteins

Functional general design, protein

Functional group targets proteins

Functional groups model protein reduction

Functional groups, modification, protein

Functional groups, of proteins

Functional milk proteins

Functional of proteins

Functional properties enzymatic protein processing

Functional properties food protein ingredients

Functional properties milk protein modification

Functional properties of proteins

Functional properties of soy proteins

Functional protein-functionalized

Functional protein-functionalized

Functional proteomics activity-based protein profiling

Functional targets Proteins

Functional testing, protein

Functional unfolded proteins

Functional units, protein patterns

Functionality protein

Functionality protein

Functions of Protein Kinase

Functions of Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation

Functions of proteins

G protein function, scheme

G protein functions

G protein-coupled receptors structure and function

G-protein-coupled receptors functions

Gaussian functions/distribution proteins

Gene activation, functional proteins

General Classification and Function of Protein Kinases

Genomics - assigning function to genes and proteins

Globular proteins biological function

Globular proteins functions

HAT Proteins Function in Regulating Transcriptional Elongation

Heat shock proteins , function

Heme proteins functionalization

Heme proteins structure-function relationship

High-potential iron proteins function

Histidine Hydrogen Exchange for Analysis of Protein Folding, Structure, and Function

Human nutrition, protein functions

Influence of Glutathione Status on Sarcolemmal Protein Function

Intestine, fatty acid-binding proteins function

Iron protein structure-function correlation

Iron-sulfur proteins functions

Learning for Protein Structure and Function Prediction

Legume proteins, functionality

Ligand-functionalized protein-containing

Ligand-protein complexes, induction functional

Ligand-protein complexes, induction functionals

Linked functions heme proteins

Lipid-binding proteins function

Lipid-binding proteins physiological functions

Lipids matrix, function membrane proteins

Major urinary protein function

Mannose-binding proteins functions

Membrane channel protein, function

Membrane channel protein, function molecular model

Membrane proteins functions

Membrane proteins structure-function relationships, cellular

Milk proteins function

Milk proteins protein functions

Mixed-function oxidase protein

Mixed-function protein kinase

Modeling Flavin Coenzyme Function in Peptides and Proteins

Modeling Nicotinamide Coenzyme Function in Protein and Peptide Systems

Modulation of protein function

Mutagenesis, protein function analysis

Nitrogenase MoFe protein function

Nucleation proteins, function

PROTEIN FUNCTIONALITY IN FOODS

Photoswitchable Biomaterial Functions through Tethering of Photoisomerizable Units to Proteins

Physiological functions protein

Plasma proteins functions

Polymer-Binding Reprograms Domain Functions of Proteins

Polymeric Materials with Ionic Functional Groups and Their Protein Adsorptive Behavior

Potential energy functions protein force fields

Prokaryotic systems, protein structure-function

Prokaryotic systems, protein structure-function studies

Protective proteins, functions biological systems

Protein Data Bank scoring functions

Protein Detection via Functional Measurements

Protein Dynamics and Enzyme Functioning

Protein Folding Problems and Functional Sites

Protein Function Analysis

Protein Function Engineering Control

Protein Function Using Chemistry

Protein Function, Enzymes, and Enzyme Kinetics

Protein as function

Protein assemblies functionalization

Protein biological functions

Protein blocking functional

Protein catalytic function

Protein chips surface functionalization

Protein design energy function

Protein dynamics and their functional activity

Protein dynamics, as a function of hydration

Protein engineering functions

Protein folding function

Protein folding scoring function evaluation

Protein function

Protein function evolution

Protein function evolution combinatorial methods

Protein function evolution dehydrogenase

Protein function evolution deletions

Protein function evolution engineering

Protein function evolution expression improvement

Protein function evolution insertion

Protein function evolution modular proteins

Protein function evolution multidomain proteins

Protein function evolution overview

Protein function evolution proteases

Protein function evolution stability improvement

Protein function imaging

Protein function investigation

Protein function modulation

Protein function predictions

Protein function sarcolemmal

Protein function, during mammalian

Protein function, various effects

Protein functional

Protein functional group properties, influences

Protein functional groups

Protein functional properties

Protein functional properties, determination

Protein functional sites

Protein functional, formation

Protein functionalizations

Protein kinase Function

Protein modifying functional properties

Protein molecular evolution function

Protein movement function

Protein oxidation biological functions

Protein patterns, functional cell units

Protein properties and functionality

Protein protective function

Protein receptors, function

Protein regulatory function

Protein secretion, functional

Protein secretion, functional proteins

Protein sequencing amino acid function analysis

Protein storage function

Protein structural function

Protein transport function

Protein tyrosine phosphorylation cellular function

Protein-based approach predicting functional sites

Protein-based materials aqueous environment function

Protein-functionalized colloidal particles

Protein-ligand scoring functions

Proteins and function)

Proteins assigning functions

Proteins blocking functional groups

Proteins classification and function

Proteins crystals, functional properties

Proteins function definition

Proteins function observation

Proteins functional analysis

Proteins functional roles

Proteins functions, generally

Proteins immobilization with functional mesoporous

Proteins insights about function

Proteins retain their function in the crystal

Proteins structure and function

Proteins understanding catalytic function

Proteins, functional properties dispersibility

Proteins, functional properties emulsification

Proteins, functional properties foaming

Proteins, functional properties solubility

Proteins, functional properties surface activity

Proteins, functional properties terms Links

Proteins, functional properties wettability

Proteins, immobilization onto functionalized

Proteins, introduction function, mechanisms

Proteins, introduction function, regulation

Proteins, redox structure-function

Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics

Rapeseed proteins functionality

Rational Design of Functional Proteins

Retinol-binding protein function

Ribosomes and Polyribosomes (Polysomes), Their Functions in the Structural Organization of Protein Biosynthesis

Ribosomes: site and function of protein synthesis

Rieske proteins function

Rieske-type proteins function

Scoring Functions for Protein-Ligand Recognition

Scoring functions tertiary protein structure

Sequence—function relationships proteins

Silk protein structure function relationship

Small Molecules protein function

Small molecule modulators of protein function

Solvent Accessibility of Functional Targets in Proteins

Solvent-protein interactions functional roles

Steroid Molecular Structure, Protein Interaction and Biological Function

Stress Proteins and Their Functions

Stress proteins functions

Structural proteins, functions biological systems

Structure and Function of Proteins

Structure and function of G protein-coupled receptors

Structure-function relationship, proteins

Structure-function studies, of proteins

Studying the Function of Proteins Using Chemical Probes with Unknown Polypharmacology

Superfamily Analysis Understanding Protein Function from Structure and Sequence

Surface functionalization for protein arrays

Synthetic Approach to the Structure and Function of Copper Proteins

The Challenge to Make Small-Molecule Modulators of Protein Function

The Functional Cycle of Heterotrimeric G-Proteins

The G proteins identified by function and purification

Therapeutic proteins, wound healing functions

Unknown proteins, predicting functions

VSV Functions that Affect Protein Synthesis Inhibition

Vegetable food proteins functionality

Virus coat proteins, structure-function

Virus-induced proteins functions

What Are the Many Functions of Proteins

Wheat proteins functional properties

Whey protein functional properties

Yeast, protein structure-function studies

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