PETROLEUM NAPHTHA aromatic

It has also been proposed to inject a solvent [454], for example, jet fuel, petroleum naphtha, aromatic hydrocarbons, or naphthenic hydrocarbons, before injecting the surfactant solution. 

PETROLEUM NAPHTHA, AROMATIC (8052-41-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 100°-140°F/38°-60°C). Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 

PETROLEUM NAPHTHA (aromatic - initial boiling 8052-41-3 650601-02-5 WJ8925000 33 1993 686... 

Synonyms Aromatic naphtha type I Light aromatic naphtha Light aromatic petroleum naphtha Light aromatic solvent naphtha Light aromatic solvent naphtha (petroleum) Naphtha, aromatic, high flash Solvent naphtha (petroleum), light aromatic... 

Hall (3) An early process for making aromatic hydrocarbons by thermally cracking petroleum naphtha. See also Rittman. 

The production ofp-xylene begins with petroleum naphtha, as does the production of the other mixed xylene components, benzene and toluene. Naphtha is chemically transformed to the desired petrochemical components and the individual components are recovered at required purity in what is known in the industry as an aromatics complex [12]. A generic aromatics complex flow scheme is shown in Figure 7.2. It is useful to briefly review the general flow scheme of this complex for subsequent discussion of the liquid adsorptive processes. The process blocks... 

Coal tar naphtha is primarily a mixture of toluene, xylene, cumene, benzene, and other aromatic hydrocarbons it is distinguished from petroleum naphtha, which is comprised mainly of aliphatic hydrocarbons. ... 

Toxicity tests on 31 pure hydrocarbons of aromatic, olefin, naphthene, and paraffin series are reported. The hydrocarbons, ranging in boiling point from 176 to 572 F., were representative of those found in petroleum naphthas. The work was done at Ithaca, N. Y., in both greenhouse and field plots. 

Mixtures of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons which can be vaporized represent the raw materials preferable for the industrial production of carbon black. Since aliphatic hydrocarbons give lower yields than aromatic hydrocarbons, the latter are primarily used. The best yields are given by unsubstituted polynuclear compounds with 3-4 rings. Certain fractions of coal tar oils and petrochemical oils from petroleum refinement or the production of ethylene from naphtha (aromatic concentrates and pyrolysis oils) are materials rich in these compounds. These aromatic oils, which are mixtures of a variety of substances, are the most important feedstocks today. Oil on a petrochemical basis is predominant. A typical petrochemical oil consists of 10-15% monocyclic, 50-60% bicyclic, 25-35% tricyclic, and 5-10% tetracyclic aroma tes. 

Application The Sulfolane process recovers high-purity C6-C9 aromatics from hydrocarbon mixtures, such as reformed petroleum naphtha (reformate), pyrolysis gasoline (pygas), or coke oven light oil (COLO), by extractive distillation with or without liquid-liquid extraction. 

Application A UOP aromatics complex is a combination of process units which are used to convert petroleum naphtha and pyrolysis gasoline into the basic petrochemical intermediates benzene, toluene, paraxylene and/or ortho-xylene. 

A generic term for hydrocarbon distillates produced from either petroleum or coal tar. Petroleum naphthas are mixtures of hydrocarbons obtained as distillate fractions from crude petroleum, e.g., with a bp range 175-240°C. The term naphtha is also applied to other (and narrower) bp ranges. Solvent naphtha is a coal-tar distillate consisting mainly of aromatic hydrocarbons. 

Silicon tetraisocyanate is a stable white crystalline solid which melts at 26.0 0.5° and boils at 185.6 0.3°. It is soluble in benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, acetone, and petroleum naphtha. On exposure to moist air or water, it is rapidly hydrolyzed to gelatinous silica and cyanic acid. It reacts vigorously with most primary and secondary aliphatic and aromatic amines to produce, respectively, W-mono- or W,W-disubstituted ureas - and thus is useful in the synthesis of these classes of compounds. 

Exposures to low levels of pesticides are those that occur when toxic effects are observed following inhalation, ingestion, or dermal absorption of concentrations not known to be toxic. An example is the exposure to a commercial formulation of a bifenthrin-containing (8.15) insecticide that was shown to be neurotoxic at levels 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than the NOEL for bifenthrin alone J34l Other chemicals contained in the commercial formula include a surfactant, heavy petroleum naphtha (5.0-6.5) and aromatic petroleum distillate (5.0-7.0). 

The objective of the process is to convert saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes and cycloalkanes) in petroleum naphtha fractions to aromatic hydrocarbons as selectively as possible, since the latter have excellent antiknock ratings (1,2). Naphtha fractions are composed of hydrocarbons with boiling points in the approximate range of 50-200°C. Reaction temperatures of 425-525°C and pressures of 10-35 atm are employed in the process. Reforming catalysts commonly contain platinum (3-5) or a combination of platinum and a second metallic element such as rhenium (6) or iridium (2,7). 

Mixtures constitute a category of solvents produced by distillation and cracking of petroleum. The group includes gasoline, petroleum ether, rubber solvent, petroleum naphtha, mineral spirits, white spirits, Stoddard solvent, kerosene, and jet fuels (Lilis 1992). Gasolines are mixtures of alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and antiknock additives. 

The catalytic reforming process is, together with catalytic cracking, one of the most important processes in modem refinery schemes. It is used to convert low octane n-alkanes and cycloalkanes with 5 to 10 carbon atoms contained in the petroleum naphtha into high-octane isoalkanes and aromatics gasoline components and hydrogen. Typically, reformer reactors operate at temperatures of 425-525 °C and hydrogen pressures of 0.5-3.0 MPa. 

Dehydrogenation is a key reaction in the production of commodity chemicals such as butadiene, styrene and formaldehyde and in the catalytic reforming of petroleum naphtha [1-3], In the fine chemical industry, however, dehydrogenation is used less than the numerous hydrogenation reactions which are available. Dehydrogenation is usually an endothermic reaction which requires high temperatures. For such conditions the chemical stability of many fine chemicals is often insufficient. Most of the dehydrogenation reactions used in fine chemistry yield aromatic or heteroaromatic compounds and aldehydes or ketones. 

Light aromatic naphtha Light aromatic petroleum naphtha. See Naphtha, light aromatic Light mineral oil. See Mineral oil Light spar. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Lignin liquor. See Tall oil... 

CAS 8030-30-6 68920-06-9 64742-95-6 (It. aromatic) 977126-64-9 UN 1255 (DOT) UN 1256 (DOT) UN 1270 (DOT) UN 2553 (DOT) Synonyms Benzin Benzine Coal tar naphtha Coal tar naphtha distillate Heavy naphtha Hydrotreated naphtha Naphtha coal tar Naphtha, heavy Naphtha, hydrotreated Naphtha, petroleum Naphtha, solvent Petroleum benzin Petroleum-derived naphtha Petroleum distillates (naphtha) Petroleum ether Petroleum naphtha Petroleum oil Petroleum spirit VM P naphtha Definition Petroleum distillate... 

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