Platinum Containing

Preparation and Manufacture. Fluorosulfuric acid, first prepared by combining anhydrous HF and cooled, anhydrous SO in a platinum container (1), has also been prepared from ionic fluorides or fluorosulfates and sulfuric acid (20,48). The reaction of chlorosulfuric acid (qv) with ionic fluorides also gives fluorosulfuric acid (49). 

Since NO production depends on the flame temperature and quantity of excess air, achieving required limits may not be possible through burner design alone. Therefore, many new designs incorporate DENOX units that employ catalytic methods to reduce the NO limit. Platinum-containing monolithic catalysts are used (36). Each catalyst performs optimally for a specific temperature range, and most of them work properly around 400°C. 

For the noble metals used in oxidation, the loading is about 0.1 oz per car, with calls for a million ounces per year. The current world production rates of platinum, palladium, and rhodium are 1.9, 1.6, and 0.076 million ounces respectively the current U,S. demand for platinum, palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium are 0.52, 0.72, 0.045, and 0.017 million ounces respectively (72, 73). The supply problem would double if NO reduction requires an equal amount of noble metal. Pollution conscious Japan has adopted a set of automobile emission rules that are the same as the U.S., and Western Europe may follow this creates a demand for new car catalysts approaching the U.S. total. The bulk of world production and potential new mines are in the Soviet Union and South Africa. The importation of these metals, assuming the current price of platinum at 155/oz and palladium at 78/oz, would pose a balance of payment problem. The recovery of platinum contained in spent catalysts delivered to the door of precious metal refiners should be above 95% the value of platinum in spent catalysts is greater than the value of lead in old batteries, and should provide a sufficient incentive for scavengers. 

Certain platinum-containing compounds are capable of crosslinking DNA and kill cells by similar pathways to alkylating chemotherapeutic agents. 

MeV a-particles and used the Au/Ir source after annealing without any further chemical or physical treatment. Commercially available sources are produced via Pt(p, n) Au. The most popular source matrix into which Au is diffused is platinum metal although it has the disadvantage of being a resonant matrix - natural platinum contains 33.6% of Pt. Using copper and iridium foils as host matrices for the Au parent nuclide, Buym et al. [327] observed natural line widths and reasonable resonance absorption of a few percent at 4.2 K. 

Hydrogen bonding between an SiOH group and fluorine occurs in the platinum complex 44 [prepared by hydrolysis of a bis(alkylidene)-silacyclopropane] in which the SbF6 anion hydrogen bonds to the platinum-containing cation (O - F distance 2.77(2) A) (249). The platinum complex 45 is not reported (250) to form hydrogen bonds, and a more recent study (210) has confirmed that there do not appear to be any OH OH or OH tt interactions. 

Doublet chemotherapy regimens are superior in response to single-agent regimens and should be used when the patient can tolerate the associated toxicity. Platinum-containing doublets are first-line treatment in most cases. 

After initial surgery, the gold standard of care is six cycles of a taxane/platinum-containing regimen for patients with advanced ovarian cancer. 

In patients who experienced a complete response to first-line chemotherapy and have had greater than a 6-month platinum-free interval, retreatment with a platinum-containing regimen is appropriate. Current National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend the combination of carboplatin... 

The main uses for platinum are as a catalyst in the catalytic converter and in fuel cells. And of course platinum, a very expensive metal, is used in jewellery. However, certain platinum-containing compounds are chemotherapeutic agents, examples being cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin. This explains the synthetic interest in platinum compounds. 

This is a quite remarkable result, as the chemoselective hydrogenation of geraniol over a heterogeneous catalyst has rarely been reported. It can be carried out over platinum containing zeolite (9), over Pt/Al203 modified with carboxylic acids (10), over Ni/diatomaceous earth and alkali hydroxides or carbonates (11) or NiRaney and alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides (12), yields never exceeding 85%. 

Inorganic or metal-containing medicinal compounds may contain either (a) chemical elements essential to life forms—iron salts used in the treatment of anemia—or (b) nonessential/toxic elements that carry out specific medicinal purposes—platinum-containing compounds as antitumor agents or technetium... 

Figure 7.9 Other platinum-containing anticancer agents evaluated in clinical trials. (A) Oxaliplatin, Pt(II) (B) ZD0473, Pt(II) (C) iproplatin, Pt(IV) (D) ormaplatin, Pt(IV).

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