Yellow soft paraffin

Oil phase Mineral oil Isopropyl myristate Beeswax Cottonseed oil Cetostearyl alcohol Lanolin (and derivatives) White soft paraffin Yellow soft paraffin Canola oil Cetyl alcohol Arachis (peanut) oil Oleic acid Isopropyl palmitate Castor oil Stearyl alcohol Jojoba oil Stearic acid Silicone oils... 

Vaseline A trade name for soft paraffin. Yellow and white semi-solid, partly translucent mixtures of hydrocarbons of the paraffin series ranging from CijHji to C2oH42- Obtained from the high-boiling fractions of petroleum... 

Eye ointments are prepared in a semi-sohd base (e.g. Simple Eye Ointment BP, which consists of yellow soft paraffin, eight parts hqnid paraffin, one part wool fat, one part). The base is filtered when molten to remove particles and sterilized at 160°C for 2 hours. The drug is incorporated prior to sterilization if heat stable, or added aseptically to the sterile base. Finally, the prodnct is aseptically packed in clear sterile alumirtinm or plastic tnbes. Since the prodnct contains virtnally no water, the danger of bacteria proliferating in the ointment is neghgible. Therefore, there is no recommended maximum period during which they can be nsed. 

Petrolatum Yellow soft paraffin, yellow petroleum jelly BP, JP, PhEur, USPNF Melting range 38-60 °C residue on ignition <0.1%... 

White soft paraffin and yellow soft paraffin are mixtures of semi-solid hydrocarbons. They are used as bases for ointments, as emollients in skin diseases, and as lubricants in treating dry eyes. Soft paraffin is also known as petroleum jelly, petrolatum, and Vaseline. 

Although soft paraffin has been used to treat irritant contact dermatitis (17) and to protect the skin from other sensitizers (18), hypersensitivity reactions can occur, but are rare (19-26). Yellow soft paraffin is slightly more antigenic than white soft paraffin (24). Contact sensitization to a neat cutting oil containing chlorinated paraffin occurred in 12 men (27). Contact urticaria mimicking dermatitis has also been reported (28). 

Lawrence CM, Smith AG. Ampliative medicament allergy concomitant sensitivity to multiple medicaments including yellow soft paraffin, white soft paraffin, gentian violet and Span 20. Contact Dermatitis 1982 8(4) 240-5. 

BP Yellow soft paraffin JP Yellow petrolatum PhEur Vaselinum flavum USP Petrolatum... 

Amerchol CAB- Porlan 500 petrolatum and wool alcohols white soft paraffin and lanolin alcohols yellow soft paraffin and lanolin alcohols. 

Commercially available common cold preparations may contain Menthol, Camphor, Turpentine, Clove oil. Thymol, Eucalyptus oil, yellow soft paraffin oil, and that essential oils that evaporate at the tempera-tme of the human body. When the ointment is rubbed on the skin, a local stimulation of the peripheral blood vessels is obtained,... 

In its strictest definitive form, an ointment is classified as any semi-solid containing fatty material and intended for external application (U.S. Pharmocopeia, USP). In this discussion, ointments will be defined as semisolid anhydrous external preparations. In the nineteenth century, ointments were based on lard, a compounding material, the usefulness of which was severely limited by its tendency to turn rancid. Early in the twentieth century, lard was replaced by petrolatum (white or yellow soft paraffin or petroleum jelly). In present practice, nonmedicated ointments (ointment bases) are used alone, for emollient or lubricating purposes, or in combination with a drug for therapeutic purposes. 

Sensitivity to this vehicle is extremely rare, but has been reported in one patient who had positive reactions to all patches in the standard series, where petrolatum was used as vehicle. Patch tests with pure white and yellow soft paraffin were positive (Grimalt and Romaguera 1978). A chronic dermatitis and hyperpigmentation from petrolatum has also been reported (Maibach 1978). 

The base must be non-irritant to the conjunctiva. Non-aqueous lipophilic ointment bases consist of a mixture of white or yellow soft paraffin, liquid paraffin and lipophilic surfactants, such as cholesterol or wool fat. 

Paraffin waxes are hydrocarbons with short (Cis) carbon chains. In pharmacy preparation the solid (Hard paraffin), liquid (Liquid paraffin and Light liquid paraffin) and soft type (White soft paraffin and Yellow soft paraffin) are used. They have a role in cutaneous preparations (see Sects. 12.7.9, 12.7.12, and 12.7.13) and eye ointments (see Sect. 10.7.3). 

The preparation method consists of three subsequent steps (1) grinding of salicylic acid, (2) triturating salicylic acid with liquid paraffin, (3) mixing the salicylic acid - paraffin mixture with white or yellow soft paraffin. 

Retinoic acid 0.1% in yellow soft paraffin was used topically or alternatively systemically, administered as 16 mg capsules to a calculated equivalent dose of 50 000 I.U. of retinol/daily. When 0.1% retinoic acid in yellow soft paraffin was applied topically there was marked clinical improvment in the area treated. When administered systemically (1 x 16 mg t.i.d.) there was dramatic clinical improvement of all lesions with virtual complete control of the excessive keratinization although some underlying erythema remained (Figure 21.2). No significant improvement was seen with topically applied soft yellow paraffin, or equivalent doses of retinol or retinal. 

Soft, silvery metal, very reactive. Reacts vigorously with water and air, must be stored under paraffin oil. Used in industry as a strong reducing agent. Reacts with equally aggressive chlorine to form harmless salt known to be essential to life. As all life stemmed from the sea, all life forms require sodium ions, for example, for the conduction of the nerves and for humans to think. In humans (70 kg), 100 g of sodium can be found (as ions). Easy detection makes flames yellow. Used in yellow lamps for street lighting. Sodium ions are widespread, for example, in glass, soap, mineral water, etc. 

Paraffin gauze is bleached cotton or combined cotton and rayon cloth impregnated with yellow or white soft... 

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