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Sodium requirement

The choice of metal for a reduction depends upon the structure of the compound being reduced. For practical purposes the choice is between lithium and sodium since neither potassium nor calcium offer any advantages. Reductions with sodium require the use of iron-free reagents, but the author prefers to use iron-free reagents with lithium also, in order to ensure that reductions are reproducible. Lithium is required for the reduction of 5-methoxytetralin analogs and for the reduction of heavily alkylated rings such... [Pg.26]

The body s normal daily sodium requirement is 1.0 to 1.5 mEq/kg (80 to 130 mEq, which is 80 to 130 mmol) to maintain a normal serum sodium concentration of 136 to 145 mEq/L (136 to 145 mmol/L).15 Sodium is the predominant cation of the ECF and largely determines ECF volume. Sodium is also the primary factor in establishing the osmotic pressure relationship between the ICF and ECF. All body fluids are in osmotic equilibrium and changes in serum sodium concentration are associated with shifts of water into and out of body fluid compartments. When sodium is added to the intravascular fluid compartment, fluid is pulled intravascularly from the interstitial fluid and the ICF until osmotic balance is restored. As such, a patient s measured sodium level should not be viewed as an index of sodium need because this parameter reflects the balance between total body sodium content and TBW. Disturbances in the sodium level most often represent disturbances of TBW. Sodium imbalances cannot be properly assessed without first assessing the body fluid status. [Pg.409]

These conditions were realized by treating the phosphorofluoridate ester, dissolved in alcohol, with five times the quantity of sodium required by the equation... [Pg.220]

The sodium required for the next run can be added to the second flask as the alcohol distils into it. [Pg.102]

Sodium ions arc not known to be required by many enzymes. Although the normal functioning of many enzymes can be supported by Na, when supplied as sodium chloride or sodium phosphate, potassium ions can be equally as effective. There is one knowrr example of a sodium-requiring enzyme sucrase. Potassium ions do not effectively activate this enzyme (Alvarado and Mahmood, 1979). [Pg.703]

And with gentamicin sulfate - 1 mg/kg IM or IV every 8 h 2 warfarin sodium required for antithrombotic... [Pg.2003]

Calculate the number of moles of sodium required to react with 17.56 mol of liquid bromine. [Pg.64]

With the exception of saline sods (solo-netz, solontshac), the amount of exchangeable sodium in soils is very low. The soils in the humid and semihumid areas of the world cannot deliver sufficient sodium to the vegetation to satisfy the sodium requirements of animals and man. [Pg.500]

Animal foodstuffs, with the exception of unsalted butter, naturally contain much more sodium than unsalted vegetable foodstuffs. Curd is relatively sodium-poor. Most of the sodium contained in milk leaves the curd with the whey. Cheese (7000-28000 mg kg DM of sodium) and sausage obtain their high sodium concentrations through NaCl-supplementation. As with breast milk, the sodium concentration of infant formulas is lower in sodium than cows milk, and covers the sodium requirement of babies (Harzer and Haschke 1989, Baranowski 2000). Fresh trout store only 4000 mg kg DM of sodium, while smoked (and salted) trout contains 18000mgkg f Marine fish deliver between 6000 and 29000 mg kg DM of sodium to the food chain. By comparison, salted herring contain huge amounts of sodium, perhaps 100 g Na or 250 g NaCl kg DM. [Pg.503]

The normative sodium requirement of adults is not exactly known, but the lowest individual daily intakes measured were 1300 mg in women and 1600 mg in men. The normative daily sodium requirement of women is < 1300 mg (< 3.3 g NaCl), while that of men is <1600 mg (<4.0g NaCl). The basal daily requirement of sodium in adult humans may be much lower, amounting to 460 mg (1.3 g NaCl). Healthy women and men have been recom-... [Pg.505]

Essentiality and Toxicity for Animals The essentiality, toxicity, and requirements of sodium have mostly been determined in domestic animals, which require this alkali element in high amounts. The sodium content of most plant species does not satisfy the normative sodium requirement of chicken (1.2gkg feed DM), hens (l.Ogkg feed DM, 90%) (Vogt 1971a,b,... [Pg.509]

Morris JG and Gartner RJW (1971) The sodium requirements of growing steers given an all-sorghum grain ration. Br J Nutr 25 191-205. [Pg.518]

Morris JG and Murphy GW (1972) The sodium requirements of beef calves for growth. J Agric Sci Camb 78 105-108. [Pg.518]

If desired a special sodium addition flask (Fig. 14) may be provided to contain all the sodium required for one run and yet permit addition of one piece at a time. This addition flask is attached to the reactor by a thin rubber sleeve. Of the side necks pictured, one allows the insertion of a glass rod to break up possible jams at the neck, and the other facilitates washing and drying of sodium while in the flask itself. [Pg.132]

Class D Metal fires—combustible metals such as magnesium and sodium require special extinguishers labeled D. [Pg.222]

Natric It is a subsurface horizons with accumulation of clay minerals and sodium. Requirements Same as argillic horizon Prismatic or columnar structure >15% of the CEC is saturated with Na+, or More exchangeable Na plus Mg than Ca. ... [Pg.935]

Sombric Formed by illuviation of humus (darkbron to black color) but not of aluminum or sodium. Requirements At pH 7 base saturation <50% Not under an albic horizon Free-draining horizon. [Pg.935]


See other pages where Sodium requirement is mentioned: [Pg.1497]    [Pg.125]    [Pg.186]    [Pg.819]    [Pg.608]    [Pg.193]    [Pg.75]    [Pg.137]    [Pg.168]    [Pg.841]    [Pg.855]    [Pg.1447]    [Pg.122]    [Pg.141]    [Pg.841]    [Pg.855]    [Pg.204]    [Pg.168]    [Pg.314]    [Pg.501]    [Pg.515]    [Pg.71]    [Pg.336]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.409 ]




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