Cetostearyl alcohol

This procedure is used in pharmacopoeial assays of benzyl benzoate, dimethyl phthalate, ethyl oleate, methyl salicylate, cetostearyl alcohol, emulsifying wax, castor oil, arachis oil, cod liver oil, coconut oil. 

Figure 1 A generalized diagram of the structure of the cetostearyl alcohol gel found in topical and vaginal creams. The bilayers are formed principally of cetostearyl alcohol. The hydrophilic poly(oxyethylene) chains attached to the 5-carbon sorbitan rings in Polysorbate 60 retard water drainage from the interlamellar space and keep the lamellae from collapsing into a dense crystalline structure.

Figure 2 shows the influence of the different phase transitions on the rheological characteristics of a vaginal cream formulation containing cetostearyl alcohol and Poly-sorbate 60 as the emulsifying wax. Incomplete transition of two observable polymorphs... 

While these studies indicate that DSC and TSR are powerful tools for examining cetostearyl alcohol creams, it is also clear that pharmaceutical scientists must generate... 

Louden JD, Patel HK, Rowe RC. A preliminary examination of the structure of gels and emulsions containing cetostearyl alcohol and cetrimide using laser Raman spectroscopy. Int J Phann 1985 25 179-190. 

Patel HK, Rowe RC, McMahon J, Stewart RF. A systematic microscopical examination of gels and emulsions containing cetrimide and cetostearyl alcohol. Int J Pharm 1985 25 13-25. 

Cetomacrogol 1000 BP, cetostearyl alcohol Cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, cetyl esters wax, polyoxyl 40 stearate, polyoxyl 8 stearate... 

The success of prolonged-release morphine prompted the development of prolonged-release formulations for other opioids, for example the matrix made of hydrophobic and hydrophilic matrix formers, for example on hydrocodeine (DHC retard with cetostearyl alcohol and hydroxyethyl-cellulose), oxycodone (oxygesic with stearyl alcohol and polyacrylate) and tramadol (tramundin with cetostearyl alcohol and ethylcellulose). By virtue of the oblong shape of hydrocodeine and tramadol tablets the prolonged-release tablets can be divided, whereby compared with whole tablets release from the divided tablets is slightly accelerated. The difference with these forms is that with increasing dose the release slows down. 

S. Fukushima, M. Takahashi and M. Yamaguchi, Effect of cetostearyl alcohol on stabilization of oil-in-water emulsion, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 57 (1976) 201-206. 

Lotions are less viscous than creams but still need to be sufficiently viscous to enhance suspension stability. Lotions also experience from low to high shear rates approximately 10-90 s 1 when being poured from a bottle, about 125 s 1 when being gently smeared on with fingers, and thousands of s 1 when being rubbed into the skin. Typical lotion bases include suspensions of cetostearyl alcohol or stearic acid particles. 

Cetyl alchohol Cetostearyl alcohol Stearyl alcohol Stearic acid Beeswax Silica dioxide Polyethylene glycols Macrogol glycerides Poloxamers... 

Dritho-Calp, Psoriatec Anthralin, 0.5%, 1.0% White petrolatum, cetostearyl alcohol... 

Temovate E Clobetasol propionate, 0.05% Propylene glycol, glyceryl monostearate, cetostearyl alcohol, glyceryl stearate, PEG 100 stearate, white wax... 

Topicort Desoximetasone, 0.25% White petrolatum USP, isopropyl myristate NF, lanolin alcohols NF, mineral oil USP, cetostearyl alcohol NF... 

Emulsifying ointment is made from emulsifying wax (cetostearyl alcohol and sodium lauryl sulphate) and paraffins. Aqueous cream is an oil-in-water emulsion of emulsifying ointment. 

Nonemulsif3dng ointments do not nux with water. They adhere to the skin to prevent evaporation and heat loss, i.e. they can be considered a form of occlusive dressing (with increased systemic absorption of active ingredients) skin maceration may occur. Nonemulsifying ointments are helpful in chronic dry and scaly conditions, such as atopic eczema, and as vehicles they are not appropriate where there is significant exudation. They are difficult to remove except with oil or detergents and are messy and inconvenient, especially on hairy skin. Paraffin ointment contains beeswax, paraffins and cetostearyl alcohol. 

Fatty alcohols Benzyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, cetostearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetyl esters wax, lanolin alcohols, octyldodecanol, oleyl alcohol, and stearyl alcohol... 

Highly ordered lamellar gel microstructures are formed by certain surfactants and mixtures of a surfactant and long-chain fatty alcohols in water. Using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), an ordered lamellar stack lattice model was proposed for the gel formed by 10% w/w cetostearyl alcohol containing 0.5% cetri-mide surfactant. In contrast, the microstructure of a Brij 96 gel depends on the surfactants concentration. A hexagonal liquid-crystalline gel structure was... 

Cetostearyl alcohol is stable under normal storage conditions. Cetostearyl alcohol should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place. 

Cetostearyl alcohol is used in cosmetics and topical pharmaceutical preparations. In topical pharmaceutical formulations, cetostearyl alcohol will increase the viscosity and impart body in both water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions. Cetostearyl alcohol will stablize an emulsion and also act as a co-emulsifier, thus decreasing the amount of surfactant required to form a stable emulsion. Cetostearyl alcohol is also used in the preparation of nonaqueous creams and sticks. Research articles have been published in which cetostearyl alcohol has been used to slow the dissolution of water-soluble drugs.In combination with surfactants, cetostearyl alcohol forms emulsions with very complex microstructures. These microstructures can include liquid crystals, lamellar structures, and gel phases. ... 

Cetostearyl alcohol occurs as white or cream-colored unctuous masses, or almost white flakes or granules. It has a faint. 

Cetostearyl alcohol is prepared by the reduction of the appropriate fatty acids from vegetable and animal sources. Cetostearyl alcohol can also be prepared directly from hydrocarbon sources. 

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