Isopropyl palmitate

The emollient isopropyl palmitate is used as a skin softener, moisturizer, and antistatic agent. 

Figure 4.9 Azeotropic distillation synthesis of isopropyl palmitate from palmitic acid applying a stirred-tank reactor with azeotropic distillation of the water formed...

Koike, K., Takaiwa, M., Ara, K. et al. (2000) Production of isopropyl cti-6-hexadecenoate by regiospecific desaturation of isopropyl palmitate by a double mutant of a Rhodococcus strain. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 64 (2), 399 404. 

Isopropyl iodide, i49 Isopropyl palmitate, il09 Itaconic acid, m253... 

Isopropylnaphthalenes, 77 75, 85 Isopropyl palmitate, in cosmetic molded sticks, 7 840t... 

Esters are common components in cosmetics and skin-care products. They can be synthesized from fatty acids and alcohols using either chemical or enzymatic reactions. The chemical reactions are normally catalysed by acid catalysts. Enzymatic synthesis is carried out under milder conditions and therefore it provides products of very high purity. A range of esters such as isopropyl palmitate and isopropyl myristate are now produced industrially using enzymatic synthesis. The reactions are carried out in solvent-free systems using an immobilised lipase as catalyst. In order to get high yields in the reactions, water is removed continuously. 

Scheme 7.1 Synthesis of isopropyl palmitate from palmitic acid and isopropanol.

Aqua, ammonium lactate, aluminium starch octenylsuccinate, C12-15 alkyl benzoate, isopropyl palmitate, polymethyl... 

Fatty acid esters Ethyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, decyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethoxy ethyl acetate, methyl palmitate, ethyl palmitate, isopropyl palmitate, butyl palmitate, isobutyl palmitate, methyl margarate, butyl margarate, methyl stearate, ethyl stearate, butyl stearate, isobutyl stearate, methyl oleate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, methyl linoleate, methyl laurate, octyl laurate, methyl myristate, isobutyl myristate, butyl myristate, dihydroisopimaric add methyl ester... 

The above approach was confirmed in a recent study on design and control of a process for high-purity isopropyl palmitate by reactive distillation using cyclohexane as entrainer, with substantial energy reduction [21]. 

Butyl stearate Isobutyl stearate Isopropyl palmitate Isopropyl myristate Octyl palmitate... 

SUS 100F 50 Required HLB Value 8 Smoke Point (F) 210 Isopropyl palmitate ... 

Fatty-acids, salts and esters Aluminum monostearate, calcium stearate, ethyl oleate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, magnesium stearate, oleic acid, polyoxyl 40 stearate, proprionic acid, sodium stearate, stearic acid, purified stearic acid, and zinc stearate... 

Solubility soluble in ethanol (95%), isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, mineral oil, and petrolatum at 80°C practially insoluble in glycerin, propylene glycol, and water. See also Table II. 

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