Methyl ethyl ketone separation

The methyl ethyl ketazine forms an immiscible upper organic layer easily removed by decantation. The lower, aqueous phase, containing acetamide and sodium phosphate, is concentrated to remove water formed in the reaction and is then recycled to the reactor after a purge of water-soluble impurities. Organic by-products are separated from the ketazine layer by distillation. The purified ketazine is then hydrolyzed under pressure (0.2—1.5 MPa (2—15 atm)) to give aqueous hydrazine and methyl ethyl ketone overhead, which is recycled (122). The aqueous hydrazine is concentrated in a final distillation column. 

The physical properties of some common ketones are Hsted in Table 1. Ketones are commonly separated by fractional distillation, and vapor—Hquid equihbria and vapor pressure data are readily available for common ketones. A number of other temperature dependent physical properties for acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and diethyl ketone have been pubHshed (3). 

Polymeric -peroxides (3) from hydrogen peroxide and lower carbon ketones have been separated by paper or column chromatography and have been characterized by conversion to the bis(p-(nitro)peroxybenzoates). Oligomeric peroxides (3, R = methyl, R = ethyl, n = 1-4) from methyl ethyl ketone have been separated and interconverted by suitable treatment with ketone and hydrogen peroxide (44). 

Insofar as they are used to purify other products, several processes used in the refinery fall under the classification of dewaxing processes however, such processes must also be classified as wax production processes (2). Most commercial dewaxing processes utilize solvent dilution, chilling to crystallize the wax, and filtration (28). The MEK process (methyl ethyl ketone—toluene solvent) is widely used. Wax crystals are formed by chilling through the walls of scraped surface chillers, and wax is separated from the resultant wax—oil—solvent slurry by using fliUy enclosed rotary vacuum filters. 

D) 4 -[N-Ethyi-1 "-Methyl-2 -(4" -Methoxyphenyl)Ethylamino]Butyi-3,4-Dimethoxybenzoate Hydrochloride 10.3 g of 4 -iodobutyl-3,4-dimethoxybenzoate and 11.0 g of N-ethyl-p-methoxyphenylisopropylamine (obtained by catalytic reduction of an alcoholic solution of an excess quantity (60%) of p-methoxy-phenyl-acetone, to which was added a 33% (weight-for-weight) aqueous solution of ethylamine, with Pt as a catalyst), were boiled in 200 ml of methyl ethyl ketone for 20 hours, cooled and the iodine ion was determined the reaction was found to be complete. Then the methyl ethyl ketone was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in 300 ml of water and 30 ml of ether the layers were separated and the water layer was extracted twice more with 20 ml portions of ether. 

In the manufacture of methyl ethyl ketone from butanol, the product is separated from unreacted butanol by distillation. The feed to the column consists of a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone, 2-butanol and trichloroethane. What would be a suitable phase equilibrium correlation to use in modelling this process ... 

Fig. 11. Separation of a mixture of organic solvents using 50 cm long 100 (left) and 320 pm i.d. (right) monolithic capillary columns (Reprinted with permission from [112]. Copyright 2000 Wiley-VCH). Conditions temperature gradient 120 - 300 °C, 20 °C/min, inlet pressure 0.55 MPa, split injection. Peaks methanol (1), ethanol (2), acetonitrile (3), acetone (4), 1-propanol (5), methyl ethyl ketone (6), 1-butanol (7),toluene (8), ethylbenzene (9),propylbenzene (10),butyl-benzene (11)...

Because of the diaphoretic and laxative effects, the composition of Sambuci flos (Sambucus negra L., black elder) has been extensively investigated by TLC. Samples for TLC analysis were preparated by refluxing 1.0 g of air-dried, powdered flowers of Sambucus negra with 10 ml of methanol for 30 min. The suspension was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated and redissolved in 5 ml of methanol. Separation was performed on silica layers using 10 different mobile phases 1 = ethyl acetate-formic acid-acetic acid-water (100 11 11 27, v/v) 2 = ethyl acetate-formic acid-water (8 1 1, v/v) 3 = ethyl acetate-formic acid-water (88 6 6, v/v) 4 = ethyl acetate-methyl-ethyl ketone-formic acid-water (50 30 10 10, v/v) 5 = ethyl acetate-methyl-ethyl ketone-formic acid-water (60 15 3 2, v/v) 6 = ethyl acetate-formic acid-acetic acid-methyl-ethyl... 

Extraetion of Te-TPA into methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) (1). Repeat the extraction if necessary Separation of the aqueous and MEK phases (2)... 

Fatty acid separation uses standard allotment of Sorbex beds in addition to the four basic Sorbex zones. The process employs sufficient operating temperature to overcome diffusion limitations with a corresponding operating pressure to maintain liquid-phase operation. The desorbent consists of aqueous solution spiked with either acetone or methyl-ethyl ketone. As in all Sorbex processes, post-Sorbex... 

Procedure Hydrazin sulfate is added to a mixture of pertechnetate and perrhenate in 3-6 N NaON or KOH until its concentration is about 3 x 10 M. The solution is stirred and, after 10 min, rhenium is extracted by an equal voliune of methyl ethyl ketone. For complete separation of rhenium from technetium the extraction must be repeated 2-3 times. After a twofold extraction 99% of technetium and only 0.8 % of rhenium remain in the aqueous phase. 

The extraction of TcO with methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, and pyridine results in a ruthenium decontamination factor of about 10 . Another effective separation method is based on the extraction of technetium as triphenylguanidinium pertechnetate from sulfuric acid by means of chlorex ()S-chloroethyl ether). Pertechnetate can be re-extracted with 3 N NH OH solution . 

A study in which rats were exposed via inhalation to a combination of 2-hexanone and methyl ethyl ketone resulted in the potentiation of severe neurotoxic effects including paralysis and histopathological changes. These effects were either not observed or they occurred at much lower frequencies when either of the two compounds was administered separately (Saida et al. 1976). 

In this paper a generalized approach is presented to the derivation of H-H-S equations for multispecies polymers created by addition polymerization across single double bonds in the monomers. The special cases of copolymers and terpolymers are derived. This development is combined with experimental results to evaluate the numerical parameters in the equations for poly(styrene-acrylonitrile ) (SAN) in three separate solvents and for poly(styrene-maleic anhydride-methyl methacrylate) (S/HA/MM) in a single solvent. The three solvents in the case of SAN are dimethyl formamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and the solvent for S/HA/HH is HER. 

Figure 1. Separation of selected solvents spiked into a synthetic sample at TLV levels (A) aqueous phase, (B) carbon disulfide phase 1, ethanol, 2, acetone, 3, carbon disulfide, 4, 2-propanol, 5, 1-propanol, 6, methyl ethyl ketone, 7, ethyl acetate, 8, 1-butanol, 9, isopropyl acetate, 10, n-hexane, 11, n-propyl acetate, 12, methyl isobutyl ketone, 13, toluene (19)...

A mixture consisting of 2-allylphenol (35 g), 1,10-dibromodecane (39 g), and potassium carbonate (36 g) dissolved in 150 ml of methyl ethyl ketone was heated to 80°C for 24 hours and then treated with 200 ml of water and 200 ml of hexane. The resulting mixture separated into an organic phase and an aqueous phase. The organic phase was washed with water, dried over Na2S04, and then concentrated. After distillation at 210-215°C 0.1 mmHg, 26 g of product was isolated as a liquid. 

Furby (12) has developed a method for evaluating stocks in the lubricating oil range that results in a breakdown of components into asphaltenes, resins, wax, and dewaxed oil and provides a yield-viscosity index relationship for the dewaxed oil. The author has found such analyses very useful and inexpensive for evaluating a large number of potential lubricating oil stocks. Furby s method utilizes petroleum ether to precipitate asphaltenes, a fuller s earth-petroleum ether fractionation to isolate resins, methyl ethyl ketone-benzene dewaxing on the deasphalted-deresinified material to separate wax, and an adsorption fractionation to provide cuts from which the yield-viscosity index relationship for dewaxed, solvent-refined oil is obtained. 

Direct Oxidation. Direct oxidation of petroleum hydrocarbons has been practiced on a small scale since 1926 methanol, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde are produced. A much larger project (29) began operating in 1945. The main product of the latter operation is acetic acid, used for the manufacture of cellulose acetate rayon. The oxidation process consists of mixing air with a butane-propane mixture and passing the compressed mixture over a catalyst in a tubular reaction furnace. The product mixture includes acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acetone, propyl and butyl alcohols, methyl ethyl ketone, and propylene oxide and glycols. The acetaldehyde is oxidized to acetic acid in a separate plant. Thus the products of this operation are the same as those (or their derivatives) produced by olefin hydration and other aliphatic syntheses. 

In the nested case-control study of Carpenter et al. (1988) (described in more detail in the monograph on toluene in this volume), there was a hint of excess risk of central nervous system cancer among workers exposed to toluene, xylene and methyl ethyl ketone (evaluated as one chemical group) at two nuclear facilities located in Tennessee (United States). The relative risk was 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.7-5.5 n = 28) in comparison with unexposed workers. [The Working Group noted that no separate... 

Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) samples (SAN) have been fractionated through methanol-acetone or methanol-dichloromethane mixtures of stepwise-altered composition 108) through methanol/dichloromethane, n-hexane/dichloromethane, or methanol/acetone gradients109), cyclohexane/methyl ethyl ketone gradients 110), or (toluene — 1-propanol 50 50)/dimethyl formamide gradients111. Mixtures of ethylene cyanohydrin — ethylene carbonate 112) or cyclohexane — methyl ethyl ketone 113 have also been used for the separation of SAN copolymers. Both the latter systems as well as the n-hexane/dichloromethane gradient109) had the efficacy of fractionating SAN copolymers by composition. 

H2N.C( NH).NH.CN.HN03 mw 147.10, N 47-61% col monoclinic crysts, mp - has no sharp mp or decompn point was prepd by addg 67% HN03 to an aq suspension of cyanoguanidine at 25°. The mixt was cooled in an ice bath, the crysts separated, and washed with methyl ethyl ketone. The product is reported to be suitable for expls, insecticides, resins, chemotherapeutics and as chem intermediates... 

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