Sambuci flos

Males et al. [103] used aqueous mobile phase with formic acid for the separation of flavonoids and phenolic acids in the extract of Sambuci flos. In a cited paper, authors listed ten mobile phases with addition of acids used by other investigators for chromatography of polyphenolic material. For micropreparative separation and isolation of antraquinone derivatives (aloine and aloeemodine) from the hardened sap of aloe (Liliaceae family), Wawrzynowicz et al. used 0.5-mm silica precoated plates and isopropanol-methanol-acetic acid as the mobile phase [104]. The addition of small amounts of acid to the mobile phase suppressed the dissociation of acidic groups (phenolic, carboxylic) and thus prevented band diffusions. 

Because of the diaphoretic and laxative effects, the composition of Sambuci flos (Sambucus negra L., black elder) has been extensively investigated by TLC. Samples for TLC analysis were preparated by refluxing 1.0 g of air-dried, powdered flowers of Sambucus negra with 10 ml of methanol for 30 min. The suspension was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated and redissolved in 5 ml of methanol. Separation was performed on silica layers using 10 different mobile phases 1 = ethyl acetate-formic acid-acetic acid-water (100 11 11 27, v/v) 2 = ethyl acetate-formic acid-water (8 1 1, v/v) 3 = ethyl acetate-formic acid-water (88 6 6, v/v) 4 = ethyl acetate-methyl-ethyl ketone-formic acid-water (50 30 10 10, v/v) 5 = ethyl acetate-methyl-ethyl ketone-formic acid-water (60 15 3 2, v/v) 6 = ethyl acetate-formic acid-acetic acid-methyl-ethyl... 

INPUT DATA R VALUES OF FLAVONOIDS AND PHENOLIC ACIDS OF SAMBUCI FLOS, AND DEVELOPMENT TIME... 

Fig. 3 Chromatograms obtained for extracts of the following a) H. herba, b) R. pseudoacaciae flos, c) P. spinosae flos, d) Sambuci flos, e) B. folium, and f) Primula flos, and for mixture of authentic samples of myricetin (M), quercetin (Q), and kaempferol (K) using C18 (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 pm, Varian) gradient elution with 5% acetic acid-acetonitrile with flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 30°C and detection at 367 nm. (From Ref. [13].)...

Lane 1 camphorol 3-rhamnosidoglucoside (23-27), luteohn 7-glucoside (43 6), caffeic acid (88-93), lane 2 artichoke leaves, lane 3 red coneflower (E. purpurea), lane 4 rutoside, hyperoside, lane 5 birch leaves (Betulae folium), lane 6 primrose flower Primula flos), lane 7 elderflower Sambuci flos), lane 8 maidenhair tree leaves Ginkgo biloba)... 

Sambuci flos (4) one major orange fl.gl zone above and below chlorogenic acid (Fig. 9) Verbasci flos (5) three almost equally concentrated orange fl.gl zones (R, 0.4/0.5yo.6) (see Fig. 4)... 

Sambuci flos (2) is characterized by a pair of orange and green zones above and below the blue chlorogenic acid of almost equal intensity rutin (Tl) and isoquercitrin (Rf 0.65) as major constituents, caffeic acid at Rf 0.9. 

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