Reaction furnace

Step 1 Determine primary emission heat content. This step should be taken early in the design stage to determine if the enclosure will capture both primary and secondary emissions. The heat content of furnace emissions and the temperature limitation on the fume collector are considered for this task. The off-gas heat content is calculated for furnace reactions during melting and refining periods. The maximum heat content should be used for design. Assuming a fabric... 

Crude elemental silicon can be obtained by reduction of silica sand with coke in the electric furnace (reaction 17.33) and may be adequate for making ferrosilicon alloys (Section 16.7.5) or silicones (Section 3.5). The high purity silicon used for electronic chips can be made from silica via silicon tetrachloride, which, like TiCU, is a volatile liquid (bp 57 °C) susceptible to hydrolysis but readily purifiable by fractional distillation. Indeed, the procedure for silicon resembles the Kroll process for titanium, except that an argon atmosphere is not necessary ... 

Cracking still the combined equipment-furnace, reaction chamber, fractionator, for the thermal conversion of heavier feedstocks to lighter products. 

Mo(CO)6 with iodine in a sealed tube at 105°C.17 The thermal dissociation of Mol at 100°C. in a vacuum is reported to give M0I2.1 The sealed-tube furnace reaction of iodine with molybdenum metal powder at 300-400°C.19 as well as the thermally induced reaction of MoCI with fused lithium iodide1 are mentioned. 

In some of the furnace reactions in which none of the substances are melted, as, for example, in the reduction of strontium sulphate to strontium sulphide by means of charcoal (see Preparation 20), the process probably takes place by virtue of a certain amount of gas which is continuously regenerated. A little... 

These reactions require vigorous conditions . The iron dimer is prepared by refluxing in ethylcyclohexane for 40 h giving 55% yield . The chromium dimer is prepared in 37% yield by a tube furnace reaction for 24 h at 260°C. The molybdenum and tungsten analogues could be prepared in lower yield d. Reaction of Mn(CO)f with PMe2Cl forms a nonacarbonyl (35%) and an octacarbonyl (42%) dimer ... 

Reactant temperature within the reaction zone may be appreciably different from that measured for the controlled furnace reaction vessel because of local self-cooling or self-heating as a consequence of the reaction enthalpy. The significance of self-cooling in dehydrations has been discussed by Bertrand et al. (19). L vov et al. (20) have developed a computer model to represent the effect with reference to the endothermic dehydration of Li2S04 H20. Not all research reports discuss the possible consequences of reaction enthalpy in influencing reactant temperature. 

The substrates were positioned in the furnace reaction vessel with their wide dimension perpendicular to the gas inlet tube. The general... 

Pyrometallurgical operations open-hearth steel furnace reaction of dinitrochlorobenzene removal of mercaptans from petroleum fractions alkaline hydrolysis of esters nitration of aromatic compounds nitration of higher olefins liquid-liquid reactions in phosphorous chemistry special case measurement of the solubility of A in the B phase. 

Seiji NOMURA et al., Improvement in Blast Furnace Reaction Efficiency through the Use of Highly Reactive Calcium Rich Coke, ISIJ int., 45(2005), 316-324. 

A more complete description of the blast furnace reactions, including the removal of impurities as slag, is given in Table 23.2. Approximate temperatures are given for these reactions so that you can key them to regions of the blast furnace pictured in Figure 23-9. 

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