Methyl ethyl ketone propionate

Oleic acid from oleic acid, linoleic acid Silicalite-1 Methyl ethyl ketone/ propionic acid [187, 188]... 

Ketones acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, propione, acetophenone, cyclohexanone, camphor. 

Production of maleic anhydride by oxidation of / -butane represents one of butane s largest markets. Butane and LPG are also used as feedstocks for ethylene production by thermal cracking. A relatively new use for butane of growing importance is isomerization to isobutane, followed by dehydrogenation to isobutylene for use in MTBE synthesis. Smaller chemical uses include production of acetic acid and by-products. Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) is the principal by-product, though small amounts of formic, propionic, and butyric acid are also produced. / -Butane is also used as a solvent in Hquid—Hquid extraction of heavy oils in a deasphalting process. 

Methyl acetate Methyl acrylate Methyl r-butyrate Methyl w-butyrate Methyl chloride Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl formae Methyl iodide Methyl propionate Mehyl propyl ketone Methyl sulfide Naphthalene Nitric acid Nitric acid, 60% Nitrobenzene Nitrogen dioxide Nitrotoluene Octane Octyl alcohol Pentachloroethane Pentane Phenol... 

Silicone caulk Methyl ethyl ketone, butyl propionate, 2-butoxyethanol, butanol, benzene, toluene... 

Carboxylic groups of the protoporphyrin IX ligand (Scheme 10) are phenomenal candidates for the targeted active-site modification of HRP and other heme-containing proteins. There is a clear parallel with the active site modification of GO (Section IV.A.2). The modification of hemin chloride by H2NCH2Fc in the presence of EDC and V-hydroxysuccinimide in DMF affording mono- and bis-amidated propionic acid residues is shown in Scheme 10 (144). The Fc Heme is actually a mixture of two diastereomers. -HRP has been prepared according to an acidic methyl ethyl ketone procedure of Teale (145)... 

Concurrently, the hydroperoxide may be converted to methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). If the initial radical attack is at the primary rather than the secondary carbon, the process makes propionic and formic acids. Reaction conditions can be changed to produce more MEK at the expense of some acetic acid. The maximum acetic acid/MEK ratio is 6.5-7 on a weight basis. If ethyl acetate is also formed, the ratio can go down to acetic acid/(ethyl acetate + MEK) of 3.6-4, with MEK being about 55 percent of the byproduct. 

The thermal decomposition of 3,5-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-l,2-dioxolan (28) in glacial acetic acid or water at 110° is very complex, and leads to the following products acetic acid (60%), lactic acid (13%), propionic acid (6%), carbon dioxide (6%), acetylacetone (10%), methane (5%), carbon monoxide (2%), formic acid (1%), 3,5-diacetylheptane-2,6-dione (0.4%), and a mixture of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetaldehyde, and methylglyoxal.89,40... 

Oxidation of n-butane. In the presence of oxygen, Co(l 1) is converted into Co(lll), the actual catalyst for oxidation of alkanes by oxygen thus oxidation of n-butane by Co(lll) ion at 100° at a pressure of 17-24 atm. gives acetic acid (83.5% yield) together with traces of n-butyric acid, propionic acid, and methyl ethyl ketone. Oxidation of n-pentane under similar conditions gives acetic acid (48% yield) and propionic acid (27% yield). Isobutane is relatively inactive. The reaction involves electron transfer in which cobalt ions function as chain carriers. 

The use of manganese-ion catalysis frequently results in increased production of formic acid. This is probably the result of increased rate of production and a decrease in the relative rate of attack on formic acid [57, 58]. Part of the increased production would be the result of an enol mechanism for the oxidation of methyl ketones. For example, the manganese-ion catalyzed oxidation of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) gives increased amounts of formic and propionic acids at the expense of acetic acid. 

Formaldehyde. Oxidation with air or oxygen of natural gas or propane and butane yields not only formaldehyde but also acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, methanol, propanol, butyl alcohols, and formic, acetic, and propionic acids. Such literature is covered by Walker (120, 121). Two reports on German processes for oxidation of methane to formaldehyde are given by Sherwood (254), and by Holm and Reichl (47). One of these processes indicates the almost exclusive formation of formaldehyde it is also indicated that the process was applied to ethane and propane with similar results. 

Table II shows results for the electro-oxidation of secondary alcohols and ketones. In alkaline electrolyte, secondary butanol was not oxidized to methyl ethyl ketone but was cleaved to acetate. Similarly methyl ethyl ketone was cleaved to acetate, although some CO2 and propionate formed, indicative of cleavage on the other side of the carbonyl group. Butanediol (2 ) went to acetate yielding less CO2. At pH 9 in borax buffer 2 Trtanol went exclusively to methyl ethyl ketone at 89% conversion, suggesting that enolization in alkali is a necessary part of the cleavage process. Cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone were both converted to adipic acid. Figure 12 summarizes the various types of electro-organic oxidations, thus far discussed, which are observed to occur on lead ruthenate in alkaline electrolyte.

Homologues of Acetone.—These compounds may be prepared by the distillation of the calcium salts of the fatty acids. If a mixture of the salts of two acids is used, a ketone is obtained which contains the two radicals present in the acids used. Thus, calcium acetate and calcium propionate yield methyl-ethyl ketone —... 

The formation of chloroform from acetone is an example of a general reaction. Ketones which contain the acetyl radical, CH3CO, are converted by bleaching powder into chloroform and the salt of an acid thus, methyl ethyl ketone yields chloroform and a propionate —... 

With a high-temperature initiator such as di-tert-butyl peroxide, copolymers of 1-octene with allyl propionate or allyl butyrate have been prepared in sealed tubes. The reaction conditions included methyl ethyl ketone as a solvent, 0.05% di-tert-butyl peroxide heated in sealed ampoules at 200°C for 4 hr. The molecular weights of the product were in the range of 600 200 [62]. 

Methoxyethanol acetate Methyl acetate Methyl alcohol Methyl amyl acetate Methyl butyrate Methyl isobutyl ketone Methyl lactate PEG-4 Phenoxyethanol Propyl acetate Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Propyl propionate Tributyl citrate Tricresyl phosphate solvent, NC coatings Methyl ethyl ketone solvent, NC emulsions coatings Isobutyl heptyl ketone solvent, NC high-solids coatings Butoxyethanol acetate solvent, NC inks... 

Methyl abietate Methyl adipate Methyl alcohol Methyl t-butyl ether Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl glutarate Methyl hexyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Methyl propionate Methyl propyl ketone... 

Ethyl-(S)-lactate Isoamyl chloride Isobutyl acetate Methoxyethanol Methyl abietate Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Methyl propionate 2-Nitropropane Propyl propionate... 

In acetic acid the methyl groups adopt the usual conformation found in similar compounds, and have a C-H bond cis to the double bond [see (63)]. Half of the molecules in propionic acid are found in a conformation with the methyl group cis to the double bond, as observed in the ethyl group of methyl ethyl ketone [see (64)]. Oxalic acid exists in a planar trans-con-figuration with C-C = 1.550 0.004 A, C=0 = 1.209 0.001 A, C-O = 1.341 0.002 A, and ZOCO = 125.0 0.2°. As in the monomers of the monocarboxylic acids, C=0 resembles a normal double bond however, the C-O length is intermediate between the lengths found in monomers and... 

Organic compounds usually based on hydro-carbonated chains such as formic (8), acetic (9), propionic (10), or butanoic (11) acids, ketones (e.g., methyl ethyl ketone) (12), ethers (e.g., diethyl ether) (13), and esters (ethyl acetate) (14). The last two substances are not corrosive but only irritant. 

In the Celanese-LPO-process (liquid-phase oxidation) the catalytic oxidation of n-butane with cobalt acetate takes place at 175 °C and 54 bar. Many by-products are formed in this process (main by-product methyl ethyl ketone other by-products butanoic acid, propionic acid, formic acid, acetaldehyde, acetone, ethyl acetate, and methanol). These by-products are recycled to the reactor where they convert into acetic acid again or oxidize totally. 

Methyl ethyl ketone ( C ijHjO ) + Propionic acid ... 

Acetic Acid 40 347 175 — E — plus 20 percent butane. 5 percent pentane. 8 percent ethyl acetate, 5 percent methyl ethyl ketone. 6 percent propionic acid, esters, and ketones. Alloy C = 0.7 mpy... 

Various 4-, 5-, or 4,5-disubstituted 2-aryIamino thiazoles (124), R, = QH4R with R = 0-, m-, or p-Me, HO C, Cl, Br, H N, NHAc, NR2, OH, OR, or OjN, were obtained by condensing the corresponding N-arylthiourea with chloroacetone (81, 86, 423), dichloroacetone (510, 618), phenacyichloride or its p-substituted methyl, f-butyl, n-dodecyl or undecyl (653), or 2-chlorocyclohexanone (653) (Method A) or with 2-butanone (423), acetophenone or its p-substituted derivatives (399, 439), ethyl acetate (400), ethyl acetyl propionate (621), a- or 3-unsaturated ketones (691), benzylidene acetone, furfurylidene acetone, and mesityl oxide in the presence of Btj or Ij as condensing agent (Method B) (Table 11-17). 

METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE n-PENTYL FORMATE n-BUTYL ACETATE sec-BUTYL ACETATE tert-BUTYL ACETATE ETHYL n-BUTYRATE ETHYL ISOBUTYRATE ISOBUTYL ACETATE n-PROPYL PROPIONATE CYCLOHEXYL PEROXIDE DIACETONE ALCOHOL 2-ETHYL BUTYRIC ACID n-HEXANOIC ACID 2-ETHOXYETHYL ACETATE HYDROXYCAPROIC ACID PARALDEHYDE... 

The development of enantioselective aldol reactions has been widely studied in conjunction with the synthesis of natural products. Highly enantioselective aldol reactions have been achieved by employing chiral enolates of ethyl ketones and propionic acid derivatives.(1) On the other hand, achieving high asymmetric induction in the asymmetric aldol reaction of methyl ketones is still a problem.(2)... 

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