Ethyl n-butyrate

Ethyl n-butyrate. Use a mixture of 88 g. (92 ml.) of n-butyric acid, 23 g. (29 ml.) of ethanol and 9 g. (5 ml.) of concentrated sulphuric acid. Reflux for 14 hours. Pour into excess of water, wash several times with water, followed by saturated sodium bicarbonate solution until all the acid is removed, and finally with water. Dry with anhydrous magnesium sulphate, and distU. The ethyl n-but3rrate passes over at 119 5-120-5°, Yield 40 g. An improved yield can be obtained by distilhng the reaction mixture through an efficient fractionating column until the temperature rises to 125°, and purifying the crude ester as detailed above under methyl acetate. 

The formation of acyloins (a-hydroxyketones of the general formula RCH(OH)COR, where R is an aliphatic residue) proceeds best by reaction between finely-divided sodium (2 atoms) and esters of aliphatic acids (1 mol) in anhydrous ether or in anhydrous benzene with exclusion of oxygen salts of enediols are produced, which are converted by hydrolysis into acyloins. The yield of acetoin from ethyl acetate is low (ca. 23 per cent, in ether) owing to the accompanying acetoacetic ester condensation the latter reaction is favoured when the ester is used as the solvent. Ethyl propionate and ethyl n-butyrate give yields of 52 per cent, of propionoin and 72 per cent, of butyroin respectively in ether. 

METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE n-PENTYL FORMATE n-BUTYL ACETATE sec-BUTYL ACETATE tert-BUTYL ACETATE ETHYL n-BUTYRATE ETHYL ISOBUTYRATE ISOBUTYL ACETATE n-PROPYL PROPIONATE CYCLOHEXYL PEROXIDE DIACETONE ALCOHOL 2-ETHYL BUTYRIC ACID n-HEXANOIC ACID 2-ETHOXYETHYL ACETATE HYDROXYCAPROIC ACID PARALDEHYDE... 

ETHYL n-BUTYRATE 1.4298 -2.4683E+03 5.0326E+00 -1.8024E-02 1.1247E-05 175 571... 

Ethyl n-butyrate n-Propyl n-butyrate iso-Propyl n-butyrate n-Butyl n-butyrate. n-Amyl n-butyrate. iso-Amyl n-butyrate n-Hexyl n-butyrate. ... 

Branching has a moderate effect on increasing the AT values of molecules. For example, ethyl n-butyrate (4) has a AT value of 0.20, whereas ethyl isobutyrate (5) has a AT value of 0.37. 

---