Fatty acids of coconut oil

Terpinyl acetate in the absence of esters of high molecular weight, or ethyl esters of the fatty acids of coconut oil, is indicated by a difference to be observed in the apparent ester value by different times of saponification. This ester is far more resistant to the action of caustic alkali than is linalyl acetate, and requires two hours at least for complete saponification. Hence, if the oil shows a difference in the saponification value in thirty minutes and in two hours, which amounts to more than from 1 to 2, terpinyl acetate is almost certainly present. The following table shows the effect of this partial-saponrfication on the two esters and on adulterated oils —... 

It is a mixture of the sodium salts of sulphated fatty alcohols made by reducing the mixed fatty acids of coconut oil or cottonseed oil, and fish oils. Sometimes natural waxes such as spermaceti, wool fat and bees wax are sulphated directly. 

Ibid 60, 185-6(1954) CA 48, 12422(1954) (Lacquers made of NC castor oil were only slightly yellowed when exposed to sunlight, but they did not pass the "fold test) i)K.Murai et al, JOilChemists Soc, Japan 3, 2-6(1954) CA 50, 250(1956)(Study of plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride obtained from castor-oil fatty acid, and lower fatty acids of coconut oil)... 

Coconut oil is used in a wide range of food and nonfood products. It is a raw material for the production of medical foods and infant food formulations. In industry, the fatty acids of coconut oil provide a versatile feedstock for an array of products from diesel fuel substitute to hygienic products. 

Gardinol Type Detergents. A mixture of the sodium salts of sulfated fatty alcohols made by reducing the mixed fatty acids of coconut oil or of cottonseed oil, and of fish oils. Sometimes natural waxes such as spermaceti, wool fat, and beeswax are sulfaied directly. The mixture of the sulfated alcohols which goes by the commercial name "lau-ryl alcohol consists of about 15% mixed C, and C1 (octyl and decyl) alcohols. 40% C (lauryl or dodecyl) alcohol, 30% Cl4 (myristyl or tetradecyl) alcohol, and 15% mixed CK and C 8 (cetyl, Stearyl, and oleyl) alcohols. 

Napalm [8031-21-8] is an aluminum soap made from coprecipitating aluminum hydroxide, naphthenic acid, and palmitic acid. The latter is one of the fatty acids of coconut oil. Alternatively, gasoline is gelled by hydroxyaluminum-bis(2-ethylhexanoate) [30745-55-2] and a nonionic surfactant or water in making Napalm. Napalm is nsed in chemical warfare as fire bombs or to flame land mines. It is also used with incendiary devices to bum targets in short duration that are difficult to ignite. It has the ability to stick to its target when it bums. 

The fresh nut contains about 50% water and 30 to 40% oil. Coconut oil has the highest percentage of saturated fatty acids of all common food oils. The chief fatty acids of coconut oil are lauric (45%), myristic (18%), palmitic (9.5%), oleic (8.2%), caprylic (7.8%), capric (7.6%), and stearic (5%). 

Coconut oil has been used for many years in different coimtries, for edible and non-edible interests. The beneficial aspects of coconut oil, which distinguish it from other oils, derive from its chemical composition that consists of a high content of short (SCFAs) and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs). Most of the fatty acids of coconut oil are saturated (90%) and are represented by 47% of lauric acid (C12 0), 18.1% of myristic acid (C14 0), 8.8% of palmitic acid (C16 0), 7.8% of caprylic acid (C8 0) and 6.7% of capric acid (C10 0) (Rossell, 1985). The medium-chain fatty acids (C8-C10) are metabolized differently from the long-chain fatty acids (Cl4 or longer) and this process leads to significant pharmacological effects. 

Alkyl (derived from fatty acids of coconut oil ) Amine hydrochlorides... 

More than 90% of the fatty acids of coconut oU are saturated. This accounts for its low iodine value ranging from 7 to 12. The saturated character of the oil imparts a strong resistance to oxidative rancidity. Assessment of the oil by active oxygen method (AOM) yielded results between 30 h and 250 h (24). Although oxidative stability is reduced in RBD oils, due to losses in the natural antioxidants of crude coconut oils, the addition of citric acid at the end of deodorization as the oil is cooled to 100°C was effective in regaining considerable oxidative stability in the oil (25). 

Derivatives of fatty acid from coconut oil are feedstock for a number of diverse nonfood products. Coconut oU fatty acids and glycerol are released by hydrolysis or alcoholysis of the fat. The fatty acids or their methyl esters, which are subsequently fractionated, constimte the starting materials for the oleochemical industry. The byproduct, glycerol, is purified by vacuum distillation. The purified product is, among others, a component of pharmaceutical preparations, an important ingredient in toothpastes, a raw material in the manufacture of nitroglycerol, and the fluid in hydraulic jacks and shock absorbers. 

As previously mentioned, the triglycerides found in biomass are esters of the triol, glycerol, and fatty acids (Fig. 3.6). These water-insoluble, oil-soluble esters are common in many biomass species, especially the oilseed crops, but the concentrations are small compared to those of the polysaccharides and lignins. Many saturated fatty acids have been identified as constituents of the lipids. Surprisingly, almost all the fatty acids that have been found in natural lipids are straight-chain acids containing an even number of carbon atoms. Most lipids in biomass are esters of two or three fatty acids, the most common of which are lauric (Cn), myristic (Cu), palmitic (Cia), oleic (Cis), and linoleic (Cis) acids. Palmitic acid is of widest occurrence and is the major constituent (35 to 45%) of the fatty acids of palm oil. Lauric acid is the most abundant fatty acid of palm-kemel oil (52%), coconut oil (48%), and babassu nut oil (46%). The monounsaturated oleic acid and polyunsaturated linoleic acid comprise about 90% of sunflower oil fatty acids. Linoleic acid is the dominant fatty acid in com oil (55%), soybean oil (53%), and safflower oil (75%). Saturated fatty acids of 18 or more carbon atoms are widely distributed, but are usually present in biomass only in trace amounts, except in waxes. 

Napalm, A coprecipitated aluminum soap from naphthenic acids and the fatty adds of coconut oil devdoped early in 1942 (Fieser. Harris, Hershberg, Morgana, Novdlo, Putnam) for prepn of gasoline gels for incendiary munitions U.S. pats. 2,606,107 (1952) Herron, U.S. pat. 2,684,339 (1954 to Safety Fuel Chem. Corp ). The name was derived from the naphthenic and palmitic acids which are its major constituents. Structure and mfg problems Chem. Historical account L. F. Fieser, The Scientific Method (Rdnhold, New York, 1964) Bruce, Chemical Warfare—Flame in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (Interscience, New York, 1964) p 888. 

Epoxy Resin Esters. Air- or oven-drying esters can be produced by esterification of epoxy resins (M, 1000-2000) with fatty or oleoresinous acids (fatty acids of linseed oil, soybean oil, tall oil, coconut oil, or dehydrated castor oil). 

Formuia RCO-OCH2CHCH2CH3(CH2)3CH3, RCO-rep. fatty acids from coconut oil Uses Emollient, spreading agent, antitackifier in cosmetics modifies occlusivity of other materials... 

Definition PEG amide of coconut acid Formula RC0-NH(CH2CH20)nH. RCO-represents fatty acids from coconut oil, avg. n = 3 Properties Nonionic Toxicology TSCA listed... 

Synonyms POE (5) monococoate Definition PEG ester of coconut acid Formula RCO-(OCH2CH2)nOH, RCO- rep. fatty acids from coconut oil, avg. n = 5 Properties Nonionic Toxicology TSCA listed Uses Emulsifier, lubricant additive for metal, textiles, cosmetics, defoamers vise, control agent in plastisol formulations in food-pkg. adhesives... 

Potassium methyl cocoyl taurate Definition Potassium salt of the coconut acid amide of N-methyl taurine Formula RCO-NCH3CH2CH2SO3K, RCO- rep. fatty acids from coconut oil Uses Surfactant in cosmetics Potassium N-methyIdithiocarbamate CAS 137-41-7... 

Definition Triethanolamine salt of the coconut acid amide of glutamic acid Formula HOOCCH2CH2CHHNCROCOOH N(CH2CH20H)3, RCO- rep. fatty acids from coconut oil Properties Anionic Toxicology TSCA listed Uses Surfactant, emulsifier, detergent, emollient for cosmetics Features Bacteriostatic effect Trade Name Synonyms Acyl glutamate CT-12 t[Aji nomoto http //www.ajinomoto. co.jp http //www.ajinomoto.com], Amisoft CT-12 [Ajinomoto http //www.ajinomoto.co.jp-. 

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