Warfare, chemical

Agents, chemical warfare Agent VX [50782-69-9] Age-resistant elastomers AgeRiteDPPD [74-31-7] AgeRite White AgeRite Write [93-46-9] Ageusia Agglomeration... 

Chemical warfare Chemical warfare agent Chemigum... 

Chemically Resistant Fibers. Fibers with exceUent chemical resistance to corrosive and/or chemical warfare agents or extreme pH conditions (eg, very acidic or very alkaline) were initially used for protective clothing. However, appHcations for filtration of gases and Hquids in numerous industrial faciHties are now the more important. For example, PPS is suitable for use in filter fabrics for coal-fired boilers because of its outstanding chemical and heat resistance to acidic flue gases and its exceUent durabUity under these end use conditions. Many high tenacity fibers are also chemically inert or relatively unaffected under a variety of conditions. Aramids, gel spun polyethylene, polypropylene, fluorocarbon, and carbon fibers meet these criteria and have been used or are being considered for appHcations where chemical resistance is important. 

Most talc sold to paper, ceramics, and other industrial customers is manufactured to specifications agreed to between the producer and consumer. In paper, properties such as color, abrasion, surface area, and tint ate most important, whereas in ceramics, oxide chemistry, fired color, pressing characteristics, and alkaH metal content ate mote important. There ate some military specifications for talc used in corrosive coatings (6) and for cosmetic talc products used for cleaning of personnel in chemical warfare zones (7). 

Kientz Ch.E. Cliromatography and mass spectrometry of chemical warfare agents, toxins and related compounds state of the art and future prospects // J.Cliromatogr. A. 814 (1998) 1. 

Alkyl sulphides are the sulphur analogues of ethers from which they differ considerably in chemistry. They are unpleasant-smelling oils, insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They tend to be comparatively inert. Mustard gas, CICH2CH2—S—CH2CH2CI, an oily liquid boiling at 216°C with a mustard-like smell, is highly poisonous and a vesicant, and for this reason found use in chemical warfare. 

Gas-kalk, m. gas linxe. -kammer, /. gaa chamber, -kampf, m. gas warfare, chemical warfare. -kampffiasche, /. a small gas cylinder for cloud gas attacks, -kampfstoff, m. war gas. -kette, /. (Elec.) gas cell. 

Kampfstofl, m. war material, esp. a chemical warfare agent, -beschuss, m. chemical-shell fire, -bombe, /. chemical bomb, gas bomb, -gehalt, m. (Mil.) gas concentration, -schwaden, m. (Mil.) chemical fumes, gas fumes, -sperre, /. (Mil.) chemical obstacle, -verwendung, /. (Mil.) use of chemical warfare agents, -zerstauber, m. (Mil.) chemical spray apparatus. 

English physicist and electrochemist Michael Faraday in 1823. You can make it by bubbling chlorine gas through calcium chloride solution at 0°C the hydrate comes down as feathery white crystals. In the winter of 1914, the Geiman army used chlorine in chemical warfare on the Russian front against the soldiers of the Tsar. They were puzzled by its ineffectiveness not until spring was deadly chlorine gas liberated from the hydrate, which is stable at cold temperatures. 

Mustard gas, used in chemical warfare in World War I, has been found to be an effective agent in the chemotherapy of Hodgkins disease. It can be produced according to the following reaction ... 

Discovered in the late 1930s in Germany as improved poisonous insecticides, organophosphorus ChEIs were developed as chemical warfare agents (e.g. sarin, soman, and tabun) and were more recently employed in the 1995 terrorist attack in the Tokyo subway system [5]. 

The nitrogen mustards are cytotoxic chemotherapy agents which are chemically derived from mustard gas. Although their current use is medicinal, the predecessor of these compounds was also used for chemical warfare putposes. 

Born in Chicago, William Weaver Hartman was educated at Northwestern University and the University of Chicago, completing his courses in 1918. From June to December 1918 he worked at the Bureau of Mines in the Chemical Warfare Service, World War I, Washington, D.C., and as a chemist for Morris and Co., Union Stock Yards, Chicago, from July to October 1919. 

One of the products of the reaction of sulfur with chlorine is disulfur dichloride, S2C12, a yellow liquid with a nauseating smell it is used for the vulcanization of rubber. When disulfur dichloride reacts with more chlorine in the presence of iron(III) chloride as a catalyst, the foul-smelling red liquid sulfur dichloride, SC12, is produced. Sulfur dichloride reacts with ethene to give mustard gas (16), which has been used in chemical warfare. Mustard gas causes blisters, discharges from the nose, and vomiting it also destroys the cornea of the eye. All in all, it is easy to see why ancient civilizations associated sulfur with the underworld. 

Wild, JR USDA To develop an effective and complete biological remediation system capable of hydrolyzing organophosphorous neurotoxins from agricultural and chemical warfare munitions, contaminations, and wastes. 

A striking feature of the toxic compounds considered so far is that many of them are neurotoxic to vertebrates or invertebrates or both. The nervous system of animals appears to be a particularly vulnerable target in chemical warfare. Not altogether surprisingly, all the major types of insecticides that have been commercially successful are also neurotoxins. Indeed, in 2003, neurotoxic insecticides accounted for over 70% of total insecticide sales globally (Nauen 2006). 

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