Safety and environmental health

California Advisory Board on Air QuaUty and Fuels, Vol. 1, Executive Summary, Vol. 2, Energy Security Report, Vol. 3, Environmental Health and Safety Report, Vol. 4, Economics Report, Vol. 5, Mandates and Incentives Report, San Francisco, Calif., June 13, 1990. 

Despite the benefits of lead and lead ahoys, the use of these materials is declining rapidly, owing primarily to environmental health and safety factors. Eor many years, lead ahoys were the materials of choice for many corrosive environments, but are now being replaced by stainless steel, plastics, and exotic metals. The toxic nature of lead requires special precautions and handling not necessary with other materials. These requirements have reduced the usage of lead ahoys. 

An important aspect of environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations is enforcement. Eederal, state, and local regulatory authorities usually have large enforcement sections. In the environmental area, compliance audits are usually conducted aimually. OSHA, both federal and state, usually audits based on a faciHty s accident/incident rate. 

Chevron Environmental, Health, and Safety Tegulatory Summary and Desk Reference, Chevron Research and Technical Co., Orinda, Calif. 

Which environmental, health and safety considerations affect closure and audits ... 

An example of an audit guide that focuses on environmental, health, and safety inspections during the toll-processing phase is included as Appendix B, Sample Toller HS E Assessment. This example should be customized to meet specific needs by adding quality concerns or other processing related items. 

Are there any environmental, health and safety liabilities (for example, the facility failed to conduct an investigation following a serious accident) which may reasonably be expected to result in suspension or closure of any or all site operations or curtailment of production If yes, explain. 

Are new environmental, health and safety permits, authorizations or licenses needed prior to producing the material If yes, explain what additional permits or authorizations are needed and how long they will take to secure. 

Describe any foreseeable changes and developments m environmental, health and safety regulations that have the potential to impact the facility s ability to produce the material. 

Is the facility aware of noncompliance with any environmental, health and safety regulations If yes, explain. 

To assist you in looking beyond this book. Chapter 9 addresses the expansion of process safety management programs and techniques to cover transportation and other business activities requiring environmental, health, and safety control. Chapter 9 also raises some of the issues that readers should consider in implementing process safety management internationally. 

At Division A, the Facility Managers Council has accepted similar responsibilities, under the direction of the division s Vice President of Environmental, Health, and Safety. We expect ongoing interchange between the two task teams, which will facilitate the process throughout Company X and help us take advantage of the full range of our process safety experience. 

Reduced waste and increased efficiency reduces manufacturing costs and increases profitability. Reduced environmental, health, and safety liabilities m ike us a more attractive investment. 

Team reporting Report to General Manager-Environmental, Health, and Safety keep others informed as needed via formal and informal reports. [Accountability]... 

The PSM Task Force will oversee the pilot throughout its duration, monitor its progress, and develop recommendations for improvement. Individual task force members will actively participate in the pilot test, to support Ray s managerial responsibilities and to provide specific input as needed. The Task Force reports to the division s Vice President—Environmental, Health, and Safety. 

Company X s Corporate Safety Director, who has acted as a consultant to the Task Force, will continue as an advisor during the pilot test. As the company s PSM champion, he will be actively involved in the monitoring, reviewing, and recommendations phases. The Safety Director reports to Company X s General Manager—Environmental, Health, and Safety. 

Product verification requires inspection and testing programs to confirm that product meets the quality requirements. In PSM and ESH terms, the product is the management of environmental, health and safety issues and may be difficult to separate from measurement (Chapter 7) and Audit. 

A useful example of sustainable design comes from BASF, and their development of the eco-efficiency tool. This tool seeks to integrate the combined aspects of each of the three pillars in an attempt to quantify the most sustainable products and illustrates some of the concerns associated with evaluating sustainable products. For example, the economic analysis includes a total cost of ownership that goes beyond the purchase price of a product to incorporate the cost of operation, the cost of environmental health and safety, and the cost of labour. Thus, even though a product may have a lower purchase price, it may be more expensive to use and thus costlier over the total life cycle of the product. 

Provides environmental health and safety training, and ensures compliance. 

Koller, G. (2000) Identification and Assessment of Relevant Environmental, Health and Safety Aspects during Early Phases of Process Development. Technische Wissenschaften Eth Zurich, Zurich. 

Given the scope and impact of formulated products, tools are needed to help chemical choosers - whether product developers or purchasers - to identify chemicals with desirable characteristics from the hazard perspective and to determine how the use of a particular chemical will affect the overall hazard profile or greenness of a product. We focus in particular on pubhcly available tools and resources that can support small businesses who may not have extensive environmental health and safety resources but who seek to green their chemical products and inventories. 

ChemAdvisor and the List Of Lists. ChemAdvisor and the LOLI (List Of Lists) Database contains over 2700 regulatory lists from around the world, including environmental, health and safety, international, inventories, and reference material necessary for Material Safety Data Sheet preparation. ... 

Whether voluntarily or not, as companies phase out chemicals of concern, they are subsequently faced with the challenging task of finding alternative chemicals or processes to serve the same desired functions. Simply because a chemical is not a known hazard does not make it benign. To avoid going from the frying pan to the fire so to speak, it is necessary to assess and compare alternatives. In this section we describe several tools and approaches for assessing the human and environmental health and safety aspects of chemicals. They include ... 

A good example of the many successftil DfE Partnerships is the Furniture Flame Retard-ancy Partnerhip. Pentabromodiphenylether (PentaBDE) was the primary flame retardant used in low density, flexible polyurethane furniture foam. Due to concerns over its use and the fact that the chemical was found widespread in the environment and in human tissue and breast milk, PentaBDE was voluntarily phased out of production by US manufacturers in January 2004. The industry needed alternatives in order to meet furniture flame retardancy requirements, but did not have the human and environmental health and safety information needed in order to compare the alternatives. DfE worked with the furniture manufacturers, foam manufacturers, and flame-retardant chemical suppliers along with governmental and environmental groups to evaluate possible alternatives. 

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