Cream, Ointment, and Lotion

Cream 0.05%, ointment 0.05%, and lotion 0.05% contain desonide (Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 11,21 -dihydroxy-16, 17-[(l-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]-,[ll(beta),16(alpha)-]), a synthetic nonfluorinated corticosteroid, for topical dermatologic use. The corticosteroids constitute a class of primarily synthetic steroids used topically as anti-inflammatory and antipruritic agents. Each gram of cream contains 0.5 mg of desonide in a base of purified water, emulsifying wax, propylene glycol, stearic acid, isopropyl palmitate, synthetic beeswax, polysorbate 60, potassium sorbate, 

Prepare a dispersion of item 1 in balance of item 3 in a separate vessel and add to step 2. 

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One of the major applications of SEC is polymer characterization. As many of the properties that characterize a polymer, including hardness, brittleness, and tensile strength, are related to the molecular weight distribution, GPC can be used to identify subtle differences between polymer materials. The GPC technique can also be used as an alternative to reversed-phase LC for samples, such as creams, ointments, and lotions. These samples contain high levels of hydrophobic materials, such as triglycerides, which could bind strongly to the reversed-phase column and cause column fouling. 

Comments cationic emulsifying wax is claimed to be of particular value in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations when cationic characteristics are important. Thus it can be used in medicated creams, germicidal creams, ointments and lotions, hair conditioners, baby creams, and skin care products in which cationic compounds are included. Cationic emulsifying wax is compatible with cationic and nonionic materials, but is incompatible with anionic surfactants and drugs. Additional antimicrobial preservatives should be included in creams. Cetrimide may cause irritation to the eye see Cetrimide. 

Emulsions are part of the product range in the chemical and petrochemical industries, and also in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. Widespread and well known are food emulsions such as milk and dairy products, mayonnaise, spreads, sauces and dressings. However, emulsions are also found in vanishing cream, ointments and lotions, detergents, surface coatings (e.g. of paper), bitumen and as intermediate products in a wide range of product technology [1]. 

Rose oil and stronger rose water are used primarily as fragrance components and as astringent in pharmaceutical preparations (e.g., cold creams, ointments, and lotions). 

Uses 0/w emulsifier, SE wax tor use in toiletry, pharmaceutical preparations, creams, ointments and lotions... 

Zinc is used in ointments and eye-lotions and is a constituent of different forms of insulin. In the former type of applications zinc oxide, zinc stearate and zinc undecanoate may be encountered in a variety of creams, ointments and pastes. Moody and Taylor [104] dissolved the residue from such samples after ether extraction (lg in 5 ml ether) in concentrated hydrochloric acid. After dilution, the determination can be completed at 213.9 nm in the air/acetylene flame where interferences are not normally encountered. Various analytical techniques for determining zinc in insulin injections have been critically compared [105] atomic absorption was preferred as being accurate, fast and precise. Spielhotz and Toralballa [106] reported a method capable of determining low levels of zinc in insulin. The sample (5 mg) was suspended in water (10 ml), 1 drop of 6M hydrochloric acid was added to effect dissolution. After making up to 50 ml the determination was completed using an air/acetylene flame. Alternatively protamine insulin solution (1 ml) may be diluted to 50 ml after the addition of 1 drop of acid. 

Nearly all the disorders can be treated using mild or aggressive dmg therapy in the form of topical creams, ointments, pastes, lotions, and solutions—some of which are available over the counter. 

Uses Raw material for cosmetics, phannaceulicals, detergents, plastics additives, leather additives, textiles additives, metal processing, paper defoamers, lubricating oil additives, flotation agents, disinfectants, agrochems., flavors, fragrances emollient, consistency agent for creams, ointments, liniments, lotions, and slicks Properties Solid, Hazen 50 max. color m.w. 298 sp.gr. 0.802 (80/4 C) solid, pt. 62-66 C acid no. 0.3 max. iodine no. 1 max. hyd. no. 180-185 flash pt. 195 C 95% min. act. 

Uses Absorp. base, aux. emuisifier and stabiiizer for o/w systems, conditioner, emoiiient, moisturizer for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals (creams, ointments, dermatologicals, lotions), textile finishes... 

Tea tree oil comes from an evergreen tree native to Australia. The herb has been used as a nonirritating, antimicrobial for cuts stings wounds burns and acne. It can be found in shampoos soaps and lotions. Tea tree oil should not be ingested orally but is effective when used topically for minor cuts and stings. Tea tree oil is used as an antifungal to relieve and control the symptoms of tinea pedis Topical application is most effective when used in a cream with at least 10% tea tree oil. Several commercially prepared ointments are available. The cream is applied to affected areas twice daily for several weeks... 

Menthol, also known as peppermint oil, is used widely in toothpastes, mouthwashes, gum, sore-throat lozenges, lip balms, and nasal decongestants. For topical analgesic use, it is available in creams, lotions, ointment, and patches. The patches can be trimmed to fit the affected area. 

It was soon found that tyrothricin causes severe hemolysis when administered parenterally and was destroyed when given orally. The antibiotic complex or individual components are effective topically and are used in various cream, ointment, lotion and solution preparations alone or in combination with other antibiotics or topical steroids3. 

Topical creams, ointments, lotions, solutions, and gels Appearance, color, homogeneity, odor, pH, resuspendibility (lotions), consistency, particle-size distribution, strength, and weight loss... 

Several dosage forms carry an increased risk of degradation or adjunct formation. Products such as injections and aerosols are more likely to interact with volatiles or extractables from packaging and closure systems. Tablets have the potential to form adjuncts with excipients (specifically, lactose has been shown to form adjuncts in tablets). Non-CFC propellants in aerosols have a large number of impurities that typically do not interact with drug substances, but the potential for these interactions does still exist. Creams, ointments, lotions, and other such products will each have specific interactions that should be considered while evaluating the impurity profile of a drug product. 

System (6) was recommended for the analysis of hydrocortisone, cortisone, and their acetates in pharmaceutical preparations, as well as their separation from a number of impurities and decomposition products [154]. The sample (creams, ointments, lotions, or suppositories) was extracted with hot ethanol prior to introduction into the HPLC system. 

The dosage forms applied locally to the skin are powders, paste, lotions, ointments, creams, plasters and jellies. They are used for their antiseptic, antipruritic, analgesic, local anaesthetic and other related effects. 

Urea in a compatible cream vehicle or ointment base has a softening and moisturizing effect on the stratum corneum. It has the ability to make creams and lotions feel less greasy, and this has been utilized in dermatologic preparations to decrease the oily feel of a preparation that otherwise might feel unpleasant. It is a white crystalline powder with a slight ammonia odor when moist. 

Anti- inflammatory topical preparations Hydrocortisone, 0.5% (cream, ointment, lotion), 1% (cream, ointment, lotion, spray) Cortaid, Cortizone- 10, Preparation H, various generic Used to temporarily relieve itching and inflammation associated with minor rashes due to contact or allergic dermatitides, insect bites, and hemorrhoids. Apply sparingly to affected areas two to four times daily. 

Because of the widespread applications of surface chemistry, practically all industries, knowingly or otherwise, make use of the principles of surface chemistry. Countless cosmetic and pharmaceutical products are emulsions—lotions, creams, ointments, suppositories, etc. Food emulsions include milk, margarine, salad dressings and sauces. Adhesive emulsions, emulsion paints, self-polishing waxes, waterless hand cleaners and emulsifiable insecticide concentrates are commonplace examples of emulsions, which fall within the province of surface chemistry. Other products winch function in accordance with the principles of smface chemistry include detergents of every variety, fabric softeners, antistatic agents, mold releases, dispersants and flocculants. 

Liquids and semisolids. Include oral liquids, injectable, aqueous, and oil-based liquids, emulsions, suspensions, dispersions, solutions, drops, lotions, creams, ointments, pastes, gels, liniments, aerosols and foams, suppositories, and pessaries. 

Momethasone furoate has been launched in the US (as an ointment and a cream) for once-daily use in the treatment of corticosteroid responsive dermatoses and as a lotion for the scalp. It has also been launched in many countries for the control and management of persistent asthma in patients aged >12 years. 

Topical dosage forms such as creams, emulsions, gels, lotions, ointments, pastes, and powders may be marketed in plastic materials. Topical dosage formulations are for local (not systemic) effect and are generally applied to the skin or oral mucosal surfaces. Some vaginal and rectal creams and nasal, otic, and ophthalmic solutions may be considered for topical drug products. 

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