Vanishing cream

The oleaginous phases of creams differ composi-tionally from hydrocarbon ointments. Many, but not all, creams are patterned after vanishing cream and contain considerable stearic acid. In lieu of some or all of the stearic acid, creams sometime contain long-chain waxy alcohols (cetyl, Ci6 stearyl, Ci8), long-chain esters (myristates, Ci4 palmitates, Ci6 stearates, Cig), other long-chain acids (palmatic acid), vegetable and animal oils, and assorted other waxes of both animal and mineral origin. 

Heat the oil phase and water phase to 70°C. Add the oil phase slowly to the aqueous phase with stirring to form a crude emulsion. Cool to about 55°C and homogenize. Cool with agitation until congealed. VII. Cream base, o/w (vanishing cream) Oleagenous phase Stearic acid 13%... 

A device designed to determine the transport of an epidermal growth factor from a Pluronic gel, a Carbopol gel, and a vanishing cream base was shown capable of demonstrating formulation-dependent release kinetics [22], This device consists of a release cell which has a membrane to minimize release due to mechanical breakdown and is placed in a stirred and temperature-controlled receptor fluid. 

Creams are opaque, soft solids or thick liquids intended for external application. Creams may contain medications dissolved or suspended in water-soluble or vanishing cream bases and can be either water-in-oil or oil-in-water. An example is given below. 

A number of medicines and pharmaceutical preparations are emulsions in nature. It is assumed that in this form, they are more effective. Cod-liver oil, castor oil, petroleum oil are used as medicines which are all emulsions. Asphalt emulsified in water is used for building roads, without the necessity of melting the asphalt. Most of the cosmetics used are emulsions as they permit uniform spreading and promoting the penetration into the skin. Vanishing cream is an O/W type emulsion. Hair creams, cold creams are W/O type emulsions. 

Anionic surfactants are negatively charged in an aqueous solution (i.e., -COO-, -OSOj), and widely used because of their cost and performance. Sodium lauryl sulfate, the main component of which is sodium dodecyl sulfate, is highly soluble in water and commonly used to form oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. Reacting an alkali hydroxide with a fatty acid (e.g., oleic acid) can produce alkali metal soaps (e.g., sodium oleate). Careful attention must be paid to the pH of the dispersion medium and the presence of multivalent metals (see Section 4.2.5). Alkali earth metal soaps (e.g., calcium oleate) produce stable water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions because of their low water solubility and are produced by reacting oleic acid with calcium hydroxide. Triethanolamine stearate produces stable O/W emulsions in situ by reacting triethanolamine in aqueous solution with melted stearic acid at approximately 65°C (e.g., vanishing cream). 

Apexicon, Maxiflor, Diflorasone diacetate, Hydrophilic vanishing cream base of... 

These are emulsions either of oil-in-water (washable cosmetic Vanishing creams) or water-in-oil. The water content allows tiie cream to rub in well. A cooling effect (cold creams) is obtained with both groups as the water evaporates. 

Suzuki K. Rheological study of vanishing cream. Cosmet Toilet 1976 91(6) 23-31. 

Use Vanishing creams, brushless shaving creams, other cosmetic products waterproofing of cements, concrete, stucco, paper and textiles, etc. 

Cream 0.77% and lotion 0.77% are for topical use. Each gram of cream contains 7.70 mg ciclopirox (as ciclopirox olamine) in a water-miscible vanishing-cream base consisting of purified water USP, cetyl alcohol NF, mineral oil USP, octyldodecanol NF, stearyl alcohol NF, cocamide DEA, polysorbate 60 NF, myristyl alcohol NF, sorbitan monostearate NF, lactic acid USP, and benzyl alcohol NF (1%) as preservative. Each gram of lotion contains 7.70 mg ciclopirox (as ciclopirox olamine) in a water-miscible lotion base consisting of purified water USP, cocamide DEA, octyldodecanol NF, mineral oil USP, stearyl alcohol... 

Each gram of cream contains 0.5 mg diflorasone diacetate in a cream base. Chemically, diflorasone diacetate is 6(alpha),9-difluoro-11 (beta), 17,21 -trihydroxy- 16(beta)-methyl-pregnal,4-diene-3,20-dionel7,21-diacetate. Each gram of cream contains 0.5 mg diflorasone diacetate in a hydrophilic vanishing-cream base of propylene glycol, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, sorbitan monostearate,... 

The 5% cream contains fluorouracil in a vanishing-cream base consisting of white petrolatum, stearyl alcohol, propylene glycol, polysorbate 60, and parabens (methyl and propyl). 

Each gram of 4% cream contains 40 mg of hydroquinone USP in a vanishing-cream base of purified water USP, stearic acid NF, propylene glycol USP, polyoxyl 40 stearate NF, polyoxyethylene (25) propylene glycol stearate, glycerol monostearate, light mineral oil NF, squalane NF, propylparaben NF, and sodium metabisulfite NF. 

Imiquimod is an immune response modifier. Each gram of the 5% cream contains 50 mg of imiquimod in an off-white oil-in-water vanishing-cream base consisting of isostearic acid, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, white pret-rolatum, polysorbate 60, sorbitan monostearate, glycerin,... 

Skin creams are normally made of oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions. An emulsion is a colloidal dispersion of one liquid in another (see Chapter 11 for a discussion of colloids). It tries to soften and moisturize the skin at the same time. Cold creams are used in the removal of makeup and as moisturizers, while vanishing creams make the skin appear younger by filling in wrinkles. Typical formulations for cold cream and vanishing cream are... 

Emulsions are part of the product range in the chemical and petrochemical industries, and also in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. Widespread and well known are food emulsions such as milk and dairy products, mayonnaise, spreads, sauces and dressings. However, emulsions are also found in vanishing cream, ointments and lotions, detergents, surface coatings (e.g. of paper), bitumen and as intermediate products in a wide range of product technology [1]. 

Vanishing cream usually contains soap/emollients to coat the skin, make cleanup easy, and protect against mild acids. 

Topical isotretinoin, 0.2% in a vanishing cream base and applied twice daily for 20 weeks, led to decreased lesion counts, no cutaneous irritation, and a 30% decrease in skin surface lipids in 20 patients with acne (Plewig et al., 1983). Topical administration of the retinoidal benzoic acid derivative TTNPB ethyl ester (G6) was toxic to hamsters in concentrations of 0.(X)l-0.3% causing dermatitis, hair loss, bone deformation, and fracture. Concentrations of 0.(XX)1% and lower were nontoxic. This suggests that topical applications of this agent in man may not be of clinical use because of the observed toxicity. 

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