Vinyl butyl acrylate copolymers

Under conditions of extreme acidity or alkalinity, acryhc ester polymers can be made to hydroly2e to poly(acryhc acid) or an acid salt and the corresponding alcohol. However, acryhc polymers and copolymers have a greater resistance to both acidic and alkaline hydrolysis than competitive poly(vinyl acetate) and vinyl acetate copolymers. Even poly(methyl acrylate), the most readily hydroly2ed polymer of the series, is more resistant to alkah than poly(vinyl acetate) (57). Butyl acrylate copolymers are more hydrolytically stable than ethyl acrylate copolymers (58). 

Vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate copolymers (0-100% butyl acrylate) were prepared by both batch and starved semi-continuous polymerization using sodium lauryl sulfate emulsifier, potassium persulfate initiator, and sodium bicarbonate buffer. This copolymer system was selected, not only because of its industrial importance, but also because of its copolymerization reactivity ratios, which predict a critical dependence of copolymer compositional distribution on the technique of polymerization. The butyl acrylate is so much more reactive than the vinyl acetate that batch polymerization of any monomer ratio would be expected to give a butyl acrylate-rich copolymer until the butyl acrylate is exhausted and polyvinyl acetate thereafter. 

Recent investigations have shown that the behavior and interactions of surfactants in a polyvinyl acetate latex are quite different and complex compared to that in a polystyrene latex (1, 2). Surfactant adsorption at the fairly polar vinyl acetate latex surface is generally weak (3,4) and at times shows a complex adsorption isotherm (2). Earlier work (5,6) has also shown that anionic surfactants adsorb on polyvinyl acetate, then slowly penetrate into the particle leading to the formation of a poly-electroyte type solubilized polymer-surfactant complex. Such a solubilization process is generally accompanied by an increase in viscosity. The first objective of this work is to better under-stand the effects of type and structure of surfactants on the solubilization phenomena in vinyl acetate and vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate copolymer latexes. 

Emulsion Polymerization A typical recipe is give in Table I. Emulsion polymerization was carried out at 60°C under a nitrogen atmosphere using a batch process. Theoretical solids content in all the formulations was 25%, and generally the conversions were better than 98%. A polyvinyl acetate homopolymer and two poly (vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate) copolymers having VA/BA composition of 85/15 and 70/30 were prepared according to the above procedure. 

Latex thickening in the presence of penetrating type anionic surfactants such as NaLS appears to depend on polymer composition as seen in Table III. The extent of latex thickening in the presence of excess NaLS decreases with the VA content of a vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate copolymer. Polystyrene and poly acrylate copolymer latexes do not show any thickening. 

Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Methyl-methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer... 

Furthermore, their polymer class and composition may be determined. The PVA type has a vinyl acetate/2-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer binder. The acrylic is a methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate copolymer. The alkyd enamel is an orthophthalic alkyd type, and the epoxy is a bisphenol A type. 

Ethyl-1,3-diglycidyl-5-methylhydantoin Ethylene/acrylic acid/carbon monoxide copolymer Ethylene/acrylic acid/vinyl acetate copolymer Ethylene/butyl acrylate copolymer Ethylene/calcium acrylate copolymer... 

PEG-7M PEG-14M binder, emollient, cosmetics Corn (Zea mays) gluten protein binder, emulsion paints Vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymer Vinyl acetate/ethylene/vinyl chloride terpolymer Vinyl acetate/vinyl neodecanoate copolymer binder, emulsion polymerization PEG-8 cocoate PEG hydrogenated castor oil PEG-20 hydrogenated castor oil PEG-60 hydrogenated tallowate PEG-12 ricinoleate... 

Polybutadiene Vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymer Vinyl chloride/ethylene copolymer binder, paper treatment Silica, colloidal binder, paper varnishes Dammar... 

Acrylates copolymer Epoxy, bisphenol A 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate Hydroxypropyl acrylate Meroxapol 105 Meroxapol 108 Meroxapol 171 Meroxapol 172 Meroxapol 174 Meroxapol 178 Meroxapol 251 Meroxapol 252 Meroxapol 254 Meroxapol 255 Meroxapol 258 Meroxapol 311 Meroxapol 312 Meroxapol 314 Methacryllc acid Methyl hydroxyethylcellulose PEG-14M PEG-2 stearate PEG-2 tallowate Polyethylene , Styrene/acrylates copolymer binder, textiles adhesives Hydroxypropyl methacrylate binder, textured coatings Vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymer binder, textured finishes Vinyl acetate/ethylene/vinyl chloride terpolymer... 

Ethylene/ethyl acrylate copolymer Rubber, chlorinated Vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymer heat-sealing PE film Benzyl alcohol heat-shield, plasma Boron nitride heat-transfer fluid... 

Vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymer impregnating agent, cloth Hydrogenated castor oil... 

Tallow Tallow alcohol Tosylamide/formaldehyde resin VA/crotonates copolymer Vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymer Vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymer Vinylidene chloride/acrylonitrile copolymer Vinylidene chloride/methyl acrylate copolymer Vinylidene chloride/vinyl chloride copolymer Zinc laurate paper/paperboard, dry food-contact Acrylamides copolymer Acrylates copolymer Alkenyl succinic anhydride Ammonium maleic anhydride/diisobutylene copolymer Ammonium nitrate... 

Vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymer 5 Phosphonate and phosphate Decreased (air) Yes 27... 

Most compounders use a combination of physical and chemical antiozonants and achieve excellent protection in this way. For more severe ozone-resistance problems, there are, of course, a number of specialty elastomers that are saturated and therefore completely ozone-resistant ethylene/propylene rubber, chlorinated and chlorosulfonated polyethylene, ethylene/vinyl acetate, ethylene/acrylic esters, butyl rubber, SEES, plasticized PVC, butyl acrylate copolymers, polyepichlorohydrin and copolymers, polyetherester block copolymer, polyurethane, and silicone. 

Copolymer from methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate Copolymer from methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, diallyl maleate, and trimethylol propane triacrylate Methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymer Methyl methacrylate-methyl acrylate copolymer Methyl methacrylate-co-A -phenylmaleimide copolymer Copolymer from methyl methacrylate and a-methyl styrene Methyl methacrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer Copolymer of methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, and acrylic acid... 

Misra S.C, Pichot C, El-Aasser M.S, VanderHoff, J.W (1979) Effect of Emulsion Polymerization Process on The Morphology of Vinyl Acetate-Butyl Acrylate Copolymer Lateks Films. J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Lett. Edd.17 567-572. 

See also ethylene acrylic acid copolymer ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer ethylene n-butyl acrylate copolymer ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer ethylene vinyl alcohol. 

The dynamic heat capacity and Tg of PS/vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate copolymer latex films as a function of annealing time were examined with modulated-temperature DSC. The mean free volume and relative concentration of holes at room temperature as a function of time were obtained using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. The effect of residual water in the structured latex films on thermal properties is discussed. 33 refs. 

SiUcone-modified styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer latex was synthesised by emulsion copolymerisation using octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane(D4), styrene and butyl acrylate as raw materials, potassium persulphate as initiator and propylmethacrylate triethoxysilane as crosslinking agent. The IR spectroscopic studies showed that the vinyl monomers were completely copolymerised with D4. The prepared silicone-modified copolymer latex with the IPNs tended to have higher stability and better toluene and water resistance than styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer latex. The glossiness of coated paper was improved with silicone-modified copolymer latex and it was at a maximum when D4 was about 3% of total monomers. 16 refs. 

Paints Vinyl acetate/dibutyl maleate copolymers, pure acrylics, styrene/acrylic copolymers, vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymers, slyrene/acrylate copolymers... 

Duquesne Sophie, Lefebvre Jerome, Seeley Gordon, Camino Giovani, Delobel Rene, and Le Bras Michel. Vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymers Part 2 Fire retardancy using phosphorus-containing additives and monomers. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 85 no. 2 (2004) 883-892. 

Surface Groups and Stability of Vinyl Acetate-Butyl Acrylate Copolymer Latexes... 

Figure 6 Variation of log modulus with temperature for 49 51 vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate copolymers prepared by batch (o, ) and semi-continuous (A,A) polymerization.

Pichot (25) used C-NMR to study the microstructure of vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymers made by emulsion polymerization. 

DPC has in recent years been applied to studies on a range of photopolymers including DF 2000 photopolymer [6], cinnamonyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer [7], multiethylene glycol dimethacrylate [8], Ebecryl 270 (aliphatic urethane diacrylate [8], 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate and 2-hydroxy-2 methyl phenyl propane-l-one (Darocure 1173) [2], epoxy acrylates [9], epoxy vinyl ether formulations [10], polyarylates, maleimides and vinyl ethers [11], hydroxylated polyimides [12], polystyrene-poly-w-butyl acrylate copolymers [13], and 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane-l-phenol adducts [1]. 

These empirical relationships along with the glass transition temperature data estabhshed for homopolymers (Table 9.1) allow polymer chemists to determine the optimal position of the glass transition temperature and then design adequate emulsion polymer compositions to fulfill end-users requirements. n-Butyl acrylate (T = -54°C) and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (Tg = -85°C), for example, are widely used as the major components of water-based pressure-sensitive adhesives. Vinyl acetate and n-butyl acrylate copolymer latexes with a weight ratio of about 80 20 Tg = 8°C) are a primary choice for inte-... 

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