DIBUTYL MALEATE COPOLYMER

Poly (vinyl acetate-vinyl dibutyl maleate) copolymer Mowolith DCM 2 (Alfa Products, Ventron Corp.)... 

Paints Vinyl acetate/dibutyl maleate copolymers, pure acrylics, styrene/acrylic copolymers, vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate copolymers, slyrene/acrylate copolymers... 

Disponil FES 32 IS emulsifier, vinyl acetate-dibutyl maleate copolymers Disponil MGS 65 IS emulsifier, vinyl acrylate Disponil AEP 5300... 

Poly[styrene-co-(2-hydroxy-4 -vinylbenzophenone)] was less efficient in PS than 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone [334]. Similarly, PE films doped with 4-dodecyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone (0.1 mol%) were more stable than PE doped with copolymers of ethylene with polymerisable benzophenones having a comparable content of chromophores [54]. The efficiency of a SAN type LS, a terpolymer of 2-hydroxy-4-(4-vinylbenzyloxy)benzophenone with acrylonitrile and styrene did not exceed that of conventional LS [84]. No efficiency loss of 2-hydroxy-4-methacryloyloxybenzophenone in ABS was observed after bonding into a terpolymer with styrene and acrylonitrile. The homopolymer was slightly inferior to both the monomer and terpolymer [84]. A better protection of PP was provided by poly[(2-hydroxy-3-allyl-4-methoxyphenylbenzophenone)-co-dibutyl maleate] than with 2-hydroxy-3-allyl-4-methoxybenzophenone [335] (stabilization tests were performed in the presence of phenolic antioxidants). A comparable or better light stabilizing efficiency of poly[vinyl acetate-co-(5-methylacryloyloxy salicylate)] or poly(2-allylphenyl salicylate-co-dioctyl maleate) than that of alkyl-phenyl salicylates was observed in polyolefins [335]. 

Vinyl Chloride Copolymers. Vinyl chloride copolymers can be used in a wide variety of paint technology applications. The solubility of vinyl chloride copolymers is considerably higher than that of the PVC homopolymer. Important examples are copolymers without additional functional groups formed with vinyl acetate, dibutyl maleate, or isobutyl vinyl ether terpolymers with carboxyl groups formed with dibutyl maleate or vinyl acetate and a dicarboxylic acid and copolymers and terpolymers with hydroxyl groups formed with hydroxyacrylates or with vinyl acetate and vinyl alcohol. 

Poly(vinyl acetate) and vinyl acetate copolymers with crotonic acid, vinyl laurate, and dibutyl maleate are important solid resins some are available in solution. 

Copolymers of vinyl acetate and dibutyl maleate are used in adhesives and as binders in deep sealers. Copolymers of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid dissolve in aqueous alkalis with salt formation. The carboxyl groups confer better metal adhesion. 

Poly(vinyl ester) dispersions are quantitatively more important than solid resins. Homopolymer and copolymer dispersions are used for binders in emulsion (dispersion) paints, plastic-bonded plasters, and water-thinnable adhesives. Poly(vinyl acetate) dispersions are less important than vinyl acetate copolymer dispersions. The most important comonomers of vinyl acetate are vinyl laurate, dibutyl maleate, Versatic Acid esters (VeoVa, Shell), ethylene, vinyl chloride, and butyl acrylate. Poly(vinyl propionate) and copolymers of vinyl propionate with butyl acrylate, styrene, or vinyl chloride are also marketed and used as dispersions. 

Vinyl acetate copolymers are used worldwide in polymer dispersions. Copolymers with dibutyl maleate are particularly elastic, while copolymers with vinyl esters of Versatic Acid have particularly good weather resistance for shade formulations. Copolymers with acrylate esters and vinyl acetate-ethylene-vinyl chloride terpoly-mers with a good cost - performance ratio are also important. 

Caprolactone/dimethylsiloxane/caprolactone block copolymer DBM DBM. See DIbutyl maleate DBMP. See 2-Benzyl-2-(dlmethylamino)-4 -morpholinobutyrophenone DBNPA. See 2,2-Dlbromo-3-nitrilopropionamide DBNPG. See Dibromoneopentyl glycol DB Oil. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil DBP. See 2,4-Dibromophenol Dibutyl phthalate DBP-534, DBP-732. See Dimethylsiloxane/EO-PO copolymer... 

Mowilith 35/73, a copolymer of VAC and dibutyl maleate, was a softer polymer used in solution. 

It was suggested that the copolymers are useful as coreactants in various thermosetting coating systems, but the use has never developed/ Hydrogels of the copolymers show excellent gel strength in the water-containing state/ Dialkyl maleates and fumarates, such as dibutyl maleate, when copolymerized with VA give materials used in both interior and exterior emulsion house... 

LE1 Lee, H., Pack, J.W., Wang, W., Thurecht, K.J., and Howdle, S.M., Synthesis and phase behavior of C02-soluble hydrocarbon copolymer poly(vinyl acetate-a/r-dibutyl maleate). Macromolecules, 43, 2276, 2010. 

The early copolymers of vinyl acetate with dibutyl maleate or acrylate esters offered distinct advantages over the homopolymer in their ability to adhere to a vast number of difficult-to-bond surfaces. However, they also had disadvantages, e.g., poor heat resistance, relatively low strength, rather slow setting speed, and comparatively poor machinability. The introduction of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers changed this picture considerably. This class of emulsion had all the benefits of homopolymers in strength, machinability and heat resistance in addition to better adhesion characteristics than those of the ester copolymers. 

VAE (vinyl acetate-ethylene) emulsions do not require as much plasticizer to obtain a strong bond to PVC as do vinyl acetate-dibutyl maleate and vinyl acetate-acrylate (Fig. 3). Importantly, these copolymers do not soften nearly as much as the other copolymers when plasticizer is added. This means that as laminations of films to cellulosic substrates age, the bond made by the VAE will not lose its cohesive strength and weaken (Fig. 4). 

Maleate esters such as dimethyl maleate, diethyl maleate and dibutyl maleate are extensively used in the production of latex emulsion polymers, thermoplastic and thermosetting plastics. Dimethyl maleate has found use in applications where improvement in hardness and toughness of polymer films are desired. This includes, in particular, the improvement of anti-blocking properties of copolymers of vinyl acetate with dimethyl maleate. It is also used as an internal modifier to increase the glass transition temperature of styrene or vinyl chloride polymer. The intermediate in esterification of maleic acid with methanol, monomethyl maleate provides plastsizing effect, as well as promotion of improved polymer adhesion due to the carboxylic group. It can be copolymerized with a variety of vinyl and acrylic monomers to provide coatings with improved stiffness and adhesion and reduced tackiness or tendency to block. Monoesters of maleates are used to provide carboxylic acid functionality in emulsions and water-soluble polymers. 

Vinyl resins - In the coatings industry, vinyl resins usually refer to either poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) or poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) which is widely used in interior and exterior latex paints. Produced usually by emulsion polymerization, a PVAc homopolymer is too hard to allow its colloidal latex particles to coalesce well into a continuous film at ambient temperatures. Most PVAc emulsions used in the paint industry are copolymers with a plasticizing monomer such as dibutyl maleate, 2-ethyhexyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, dibutyl fumarate, isodecyl acrylate, or ethyl acrylate. By polymerizing under pressure, copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene are also produced for latex paints. External plasticizers such as dibutyl phthalate are used as well. All these methods not only soften the polymer to allow the latex particles to coalesce into a continuous film, but also impart the film flexiblity needed in exterior house paints. 

Beilstein Handbook Reference) AI3-00644 Bisomer DBM BRN 1726634 Butyl maleate CCRIS 4136 DBM (VAN) Dibulyl maleate Dibutylester kyseliny maleinove Dibutylmaleate EINECS 203-328-4 Maleic acid, dibutyl ester, NSC 6711 Octomer DBM PX-604 RC Comonomer DBM Staflex DBM. A plasticizer and intermediate in the manufacture of copolymers and plasticizers, Oil bp4 = 129° d = 0.9930 LD50 (rat orl) = 3730 mg/kg. Aristech BP Chem. Penta Mfg. Pentagon Chems. Ltd. Unitex. 

VA/crotonates/vinyl neodecanoate copolymer VA/crotonates/vinyl propionate copolymer VA/isobutyl maleate/vinyl neodecanoate copolymer Vinyl acetate Vinyl caprolactam/PVP/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer film-former, cosmetics moisturizers Diglycol/CHDM/isophthalates/SIP copolymer film-former, cream rinses Polyquatemium-2 film-former, creams Acetylated lanolin Nitrocellulose film-former, creams/lotions Arachidyl behenate PVM/MA copolymer, isopropyl ester film-former, detergents PVM/MA copolymer film-former, dish detergents Hydrolyzed collagen film-former, disposable gloves Ethylene/methyl acrylate copolymer film-former, dusting powders Rice (Oryza sativa) starch film-former, dyes PVP/VA copolymer film-former, elastomers Dibutyl phthalate... 

As mentioned in the previous section, it is common practice to plasticize poly(vinyl acetate) intended for surface coatings by such materials as dibutyl phthalate, A limitation of external plasticizers of this kind is that they may eventually be lost by evaporation or by migration into the substrate, leaving an imperfect and brittle film. This limitation may be overcome by the use of copolymers and these are now widely used in surface coatings and other applications. Comonomers which may be employed for this purpose include alkyl (commonly 2-ethylhexyl) acrylates, fumarates and maleates. Typically, the copolymers contain 15—20% by weight of such comonomers. These... 

---