Paper treatment

Styrene—maleic anhydride copolymer [9011-13-6] engineering thermoplastics, paper treatment chemicals, floor poHshes, emulsifiers, protective coUoids, antisoil agents, dispersants... 

Melamine resins were introduced about ten years after the Beetle molding compound. They were very similar to those based on urea but had superior quaHties. Henkel in Germany was issued a patent for a melamine resin in 1936 (7). Melamine resins rapidly supplanted urea resins and were soon used in molding, laminating, and bonding formulations, as well as for textile and paper treatments. The remarkable stabiHty of the symmetrical triazine ring made these products resistant to chemical change once the resin had been cured to the insoluble, cross-linked state. 

Silicone fluids containing Si—H groups are also used for paper treatment. The paper is immersed in a solution or dilute emulsion of the polymer containing either a zinc salt or organo-tin compound. The paper is then air-dried and heated for two minutes at 80°C to cure the resin. The treated paper has a measure of water repellency and in addition some anti-adhesive properties. 

Epichlorohydrin (ECH) is made from propylene, the majority is via allyl chloride intermediate. Total consumption in 1999 was about 600 million lb. Uses for ECH include epoxy resins (65%), synthetic glycerin (22%), and others (paper treatment, specialty ionic exchange resin, glycerol, and glycidol derivatives). 

SrS04 does not give a flame colouration easily it is therefore partially reduced to SrS by the carbon of the filter paper. Treatment of the residue containing SrS with HC1 gives the relatively volatile SrCl2. 

Acrylamide with a demand of 200,000 tons year" is one of the most important commodities in the world. It is used for the preparation of coagulators, soil conditioners, stock additives for paper treatment, and in leather and textile industry as a component of synthetic fibers. Conventional chemical synthesis involving hydration of acrylonitrile with the use of copper salts as a catalyst has some disadvantages rate of acrylic acid formation higher than acrylamide, by-products formation and polymerization, and high-energy inputs. To overcome these limits since 1985, the Japanese company Nitto Chemical Industry developed a biocatalyzed process to synthesize... 

Paper Paper Treatment Rf Visualization Technique Reference... 

Use Monomer for plastics, protective coatings, paper treatment, water-based paints. 

Use As cross-linking agents in epoxy coatings, imparting high flexibility and adhesion at low temperatures. Other possible uses are in polyamide and polyurethane coatings, adhesives, elastomers and foams, as intermediates for textile and paper treatment, and viscosity-index improvers in lubricating oils. 

Acrylamide (Fig. 19-40) is an important commodity monomer used in coagulators, soil conditioners and stock additives for paper treatment and paper sizing, and for adhesives, paints and petroleum recovering agents. 

Wastewaters from paper factories containing dyes particularly aniline and sulfur ones are generated from the paper treatment process consisting in the addition of fillers and dyes to the bleached cellulose material. As a result of multi-stage purification of wastewaters from the cellulose plants, there is obtained a low value of BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) - 4 mg/L but COD (chemical oxygen demand) is maintained on the level 75 mg/L. These waste-waters contain a small amormt of suspended matter - 5 mg/L, but they are characterized by intensive colour - 40 mg Pt/L [21]. 

Poly(vinyl acetate) latex is used in the production of water-based emulsion paints, adhesives, and textile and paper treatments. Emulsion paints are stable, dry quickly, and are relatively low cost. PVAC emulsion adhesives are used in labeling and packaging, and as the popular consumer white glue. Copolymers with dibutyl fumarate, vinyl stearate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, or ethyl acrylate are used to obtain compositions that are softer for emulsion use. As indicated above, a major use of poly(vinyl acetate) is in the production of poly(vinyl alcohol), which is itself the starting material for poly(viityl butyral) and poly(vinyl formal). 

Acrylamide Free-radical-initiated chain polymerization Flocculant, adhesives, paper treatment, water treatment, coatings... 

The silicones have established their value as water-repellent finishes for a range of natural and synthetic textiles. Techniques have been developed which result in the pickup of 1-3% of silicone on the cloth. Leather also may be made water repellent by treatment with solutions or emulsions of silicone fluids. These solutions are also used for paper treatment. 

Chem. Descrip. Polyoxyall lene diamine Uses Epoxy curing agent with flexibilizing and toughening props. also in polyamide, polyurea, modified urethane resins, in adhesives, elastomers, foam formulas intermediate for textile and paper treatment chemicals Properties Nearly colorless liq. m.w. 148 sp.gr.1.0154 (25/4 C) vise. 8 cSt flash pt. (PMCC) 265 F distort, temp. 44-47 C (264 psi)... 

Uses Epoxy curing agent also in polyamide, polyurea, modified urethane resins, in adhesives, elastomers, foam formulas intermediate for textile and paper treatment chemicals promotes adhesion and thermal shock resist. 

Uses Binder for precision casting, inorg. film, catalysts antistat metal surf, treatment textile and paper treatment paint vehicle Properties 40-50 nm particle size vise. 1-3 cps pH 9.5-11 20% SiOz 80% water... 

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