Tallow hydrogenated

Nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy is useful for determining quaternary stmcture. The N-nmr can distinguish between quaternary ammonium compounds and amines, whether primary, secondary, or tertiary, as well as provide information about the molecular stmcture around the nitrogen atom. The C-nmr can distinguish among oleic, tallow, and hydrogenated tallow sources (194). 

The main use of these clays is to control, or adjust, viscosity in nonaqueous systems. Organoclays can be dispersed in nonaqueous fluids to modify the viscosity of the fluid so that the fluid exhibits non-Newtonian thixotropic behavior. Important segments of this area are drilling fluids, greases (79,80), lubricants, and oil-based paints. The most used commercial products in this area are dimethyl di (hydrogen a ted tallow) alkylammonium chloride [61789-80-8] dimethyl (hydrogen a ted tallow)aLkylbenzylammonium chloride [61789-72-8] and methyldi(hydrogenated tallow)aLkylbenzylammonium chloride [68391-01-5]. 

Simple Filmer Formulation (b) Materials Hydrogenated tallow-alkylamine acetate (flake) Water 5.0% 95.0% 100.0%... 

Hydrogenated tallow-alkylamine acetate (flake) Morpholine... 

E. Matthijs, P. Gerike, H. Klotz, J.G.A. Kooijman, H.G. Karber and J. Waters, Removal and Mass Balance of the Cationic Fabric Softener Di(Hydrogenated)Tallow Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride in Activated Sludge Sewage Treatment Plants European Association of Surfactant Manufacturers (AIS/CESIO), Brussels, Belgium, 1992. 

The most extensively studied of the quaternary ammonium-based cationic surfactants (QACs) is the hydrogenated tallow dimethyl... 

Soil Extraction. Granite Reef soil, 100 g, was treated with 30 mL of a 5% isopropanol solution of the partially hydrogenated tallow fatty acid-DETA reaction product and then air dried overnight and finally in a vacuum oven at 50°C for 1 hr to remove residual isopropanol. On the following day the treated soil was extracted with ethanol 8 hr in the Soxhlet apparatus. The extracted solvent was evaporated recovering 1 g residue. As a control experiment, untreated soil, 100 g, was also extracted 8 hr with ethanol. 

This work describes the application to soil of compounds of a previous study (11) which dealt primarily with organic synthesis and physical properties of reaction products of pure fatty acids with BETA. In this study derivatives were prepared from various industrial fatty materials. In addition, water infiltration studies on sand, sandy soil, and clay soils were carried out on the previously prepared and new compounds. Finally, an investigation was initiated to determine the biological effects of one water-repelling chemical, the partially hydrogenated tallow-fatty acid-DETA reaction product, on seed germination and plant growth. 

The melting points of the pure saturated fatty acid-DETA derivatives were over 100°C and possessed low solubility in most organic solvents. The unsaturated fatty acid-diamides had much lower melting points. The industrial fatty-DETA derivatives with the exception of the product from hydrogenated tallow fatty acids melted at 60°C or below. 

The soil treated with the tallow fatty acid-DETA reaction product retarded moisture infiltration on both soils. The partially hydrogenated and completely hydrogenated tallow fatty acid-DETA derivatives also displayed hydrophobic properties on both soils. Although the completely hydrogenated tallow fatty acid-DETA reaction product (m.p. 90°C) had optimum hydrophobic properties on all three soils, it was difficult to dissolve in most organic solvents. Even the partially hydrogenated tallow fatty acid-DETA reaction product, m.p. 45°-50°C, was not readily soluble. 

The material (1 g) recovered by the alcoholic extraction of treated soil in the Soxhlet apparatus was identified by U.V. spectroscopy at 202 nm as being unreacted partially hydrogenated tallow fatty acid-DETA reaction product. The alcohol solubles from the untreated soil absorbed in the range of 230-220 nm with only a trace absorption at 202 nm. The 60% recovery suggests that the 5% concentration was too high and further work is required to determine the proper concentration. 

Figure 1. Effect of glycerine concentration on contact angle the partially hydrogenated tallow fatty acid-DETA reaction product.

The dominating use of ester quats is as fabric softener and the transition from the traditional di(hydrogenated tallow)dimethylammonium chloride, which had been the work-horse softener for more than three decades, to ester quats was made in Europe in the early 1990s as a response to pressure from environmental authorities in the European Union [23]. The transition has been less rapid in the United States, but ester quats have gradually replaced the traditional quats in most of the major softener products there as well. The same trend is ongoing in the rest of the world. 

Ditridecyl phthalate Guerbet ester Hydrogenated tallow glycerol Glycol and poly(ethylene glycol) esters Phosphate and phosphonate esters Sorbitan esters... 

Hydrogenated tallow glycerol (30% palmitic, 60% stearic) (35) Neustrene 064 Chemtura Corp. 

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