Umbilical cord

II Umbilical cord, joint, and mucosal tract bleeding Prolonged prothrombin (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) Specific assay for prothrombin... 

X Umbilical cord, joint, and muscle bleeding Prolonged PT and aPTT Normal thrombin time Prolonged Russel s viper venom Specific factor X assay... 

XIII Umbilical cord, intracranial, and joint bleeding recurrent miscarriages, impaired wound healing Normal PT, aPTT, thrombin time, bleeding time Specific factor XIII assay... 

Most experience is with HLA-matched donors umbilical cord blood transplantation is being evaluated... 

Experience with HSCT in adult patients with SCD is very limited. Umbilical cord blood and hematopoietic cells from nonmatched donors are alternatives, but use is limited.6,33... 

Compare the different types of HCTs, specifically (a) the types of donors (i.e., autologous and allogeneic), (b) the source of hematopoietic cells (i.e., umbilical cord, peripheral blood progenitor cells, and bone marrow), and (c) the type of preparative regimen (i.e., myeloablative and nonmyeloablative). 

Umbilical cord blood, peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) and bone marrow can serve as the source of hematopoietic cells. The optimal cell source differs based on the donor and recipient characteristics but has not been clearly identified for all patients. 

The type of HCT performed depends on a number of factors, including type and status of disease, availability of a compatible donor, patient age, performance status, and organ function. In addition to bone marrow, hematopoietic cells may be obtained from the peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) and umbilical cord blood. The essential properties of the hematopoietic cells are their ability to engraft, the speed of engraftment, and the durability of engraftment.1... 

Transplant with umbilical cord blood (UCB) offers an alternative stem cell source to patients who do not have an acceptable matched related or unrelated donor. When allogeneic hematopoietic cells are obtained from UCB, the cord blood is obtained from a consenting donor in the delivery room after birth and delivery of the placenta.32 The cord blood then is processed, a sample is sent for HLA typing, and the cord blood... 

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation A transplantation of hematopoietic (blood-forming) bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood involving one person as a donor and another person as a recipient. 

Native Americans had several innovative uses for the wood. The Shasta Indians used it to make, a special knife to out the umbilical cord of a newborn. 

From the last example, we may see why the primary mathematical tools in modem control are based on linear system theories and time domain analysis. Part of the confusion in learning these more advanced techniques is that the umbilical cord to Laplace transform is not entirely severed, and we need to appreciate the link between the two approaches. On the bright side, if we can convert a state space model to transfer function form, we can still make use of classical control techniques. A couple of examples in Chapter 9 will illustrate how classical and state space techniques can work together. 

Interim results of an investigation of 185 subjects and later results from the complete follow-up sample of 305 subjects in a prospective study of inner-city children (>80% black) bom in Cincinnati, Ohio, were reported by Dietrich et al. (1986, 1987a, 1987b). Maternal PbB levels were measured at the first prenatal visit cord PbB was measured at delivery infant PbB levels were measured at 10 days and at 3 months of age and neurobehavioral tests were performed at 3 and 6 months of age. Mean PbB levels were as follows prenatal (maternal)—8.0 pg/dL (range, 1-27 pg/dL) umbilical cord—6.3 pg/dL (range,... 

Transplacental transfer of lead in humans has been demonstrated in a number of studies, and lead has been identified in umbilical cord blood. In the work of Bellinger et al. (1987a), the mean lead concentration in umbilical cord blood from a sample size of 11,000 women was 6.6 3.2 pg/dL. In a study of 236 pregnant women in Glasgow, Scotland, the geometric mean PbB levels were 14 pg/dL for... 

Lead concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood have been reported by Greek researchers for 50 parturient women at delivery. Twenty-five of the women lived in industrial areas with high air pollution, and twenty-five lived in agricultural areas with low air pollution. The mean lead concentrations (expressed as mean standard deviation) for the women living in areas with high air pollution were 37.2 4.7 pg/L in maternal blood and 20 3.4 pg/L in umbilical cord blood (correlation coefficient, r = 0.57). The mean lead concentrations for the women living in areas with low air pollution were 20.5 5.6 pg/L in maternal blood and 12.9 3.6 pg/L in umbilical cord blood (correlation coefficient, r = 0.70). The authors conclude that the placenta demonstrates a dynamic protective function that is amplified when maternal PbB levels are raised (Vasilios et al. 1997). 

Concentrations of lead in umbilical cord blood of two groups of women giving birth in a Boston Hospital in 1980 and 1990 have also been reported. Mean lead concentration of umbilical cord blood was 6.56 3.19 pg/dL forthe 1980 group and 1.19 1.32 pg/dL forthe 1990 group (Hu etal. 1996). 

Lauwerys R, Buchet J-P, Roels HA, et al. 1978. Placental transfer of lead, mercury, cadmium, and carbon monoxide in women I. Comparison of the frequency distributions of the biological indices in maternal and umbilical cord blood. Environ Res 15 278-289. 

Schuhmacher M, Hernandez M, Domingo JL, et al. 1996. A longitudinal study of lead mobilization during pregnancy concentration in maternal and umbilical cord blood. Trace Elements and Electrolytes 13 177-181. 

Shucard JL, Shucard DW, Patterson R, et al. 1988. Prenatal lead exposure and its potential significance for developmental disabilities A preliminary study of umbilical cord blood lead levels. Neurotoxicology 9 317-326. 

Vasilios D, Theodor S, Konstantinos S, et al. 1997. Lead concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood in areas with high and low air pollution. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 24(4) 187-9. 

Acid of Umbilical Cord Hyaluronic Acid. J.biol. Chemistry 205, 205 (1953). 

Hyaluronic acid (from vitreous humor, umbilical cord, synovial fluid, ovarian tumor, Group A hemolytic streptococcus and skin)... 

The "outside" construction firms. The "Shadow" plants. The vile union of Tesch and Degesch. The tenuous umbilical cord linking Frankfurt to Bern, and Bern to New York. 

The bone marrow is not the only source of hematopoietic stem cells. Such cells are present in low numbers in peripheral blood, and these can be expanded in number with specific factors. Peripheral blood stem cells have the major therapeutic advantage that their harvest is relatively painless and less invasive. Likewise, umbilical cord stem cells can also be obtained in a non-invasive manner from... 

Buzanska, L., Stachowiak, E., Stachowiak, M. and Domanska-Janik, K. Neural stem cell line derived from human umbilical cord blood - morphological and functional properties. J. Neurochem. 85(Suppl. 2) 33, 2003. 

After intraamniotic injection, acrolein is teratogenic to rats in vivo but not in vitro. When administered intraamniotically to the whole embryo culture system of the rat on day 13 of gestation, acrolein caused edema, hydrocephaly, open eyes, cleft palate, abnormal umbilical cord, and defects of the limbs and face (Slott and Hales 1986). Beauchamp etal. (1985) suggest that acrolein-associated teratogenicity is caused by acrylic acid, an acrolein metabolite. Acrylic acid injected into amniotic fluid of rats on day 13 of gestation produced a dose-dependent increase in the percent of fetuses with skeletal and other abnormalities (Beauchamp et al. 1985). 

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