Peripheral blood progenitor cell

Compare the different types of HCTs, specifically (a) the types of donors (i.e., autologous and allogeneic), (b) the source of hematopoietic cells (i.e., umbilical cord, peripheral blood progenitor cells, and bone marrow), and (c) the type of preparative regimen (i.e., myeloablative and nonmyeloablative). 

Umbilical cord blood, peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) and bone marrow can serve as the source of hematopoietic cells. The optimal cell source differs based on the donor and recipient characteristics but has not been clearly identified for all patients. 

The type of HCT performed depends on a number of factors, including type and status of disease, availability of a compatible donor, patient age, performance status, and organ function. In addition to bone marrow, hematopoietic cells may be obtained from the peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) and umbilical cord blood. The essential properties of the hematopoietic cells are their ability to engraft, the speed of engraftment, and the durability of engraftment.1... 

Reddy RL. Mobilization and collection of peripheral blood progenitor cells for transplantation. Transfus Apher Sci 2005 32 63-72. 

Sato N, Sawada K, Takahashi TA, et al. A time course study for optimal harvest of peripheral blood progenitor cells by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in healthy volunteers. Exp Hematol 1994 22 973-978. 

Leukine Sargramostim (GM-CSF) Immunex Autologous bone marrow transplantation, neutropenia resulting from chemotherapy, peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilization, and transplantation... 

NEUPOGEN Filgrastim (G-CSF) Amgen Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, bone marrow transplantation, chronic severe neutropenia, peripheral blood progenitor cell transplant... 

Autologous bone marrow transplant Neutropenia resulting from chemotherapy Allogeneic bone marrow transplant Peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilization Leukemias (leukopenias and fungal infection) March 1991 Sept. 1995 Nov. 1995 Dec. 1995 Nov. 1996... 

Beyer, J. et al., Hematopoietic rescue after high-dose chemotherapy using autologous peripheral-blood progenitor cells or bone marrow A randomized comparison, J Clin Oncol, 13, 1328, 1995. 

McNiece L, Jones R., Bearman S., Cagnoni P., Nieto Y., Franklin W., Ryder J., Steele A., Stoltz J., Russell P., McDermitt J., Hogan C., Murphy J., Shpall E. (2000) Ex vivo expanded peripheral blood progenitor cells provide rapid neutrophil recovery after high dose chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer 96 (9) 3001-3007. 

Abrahamsen, J.F., Bakken, A.M. and Bmsemd Q. (2002) Cryopreserving human peripheral blood progenitor cells with 5-percent rather than 10-percent DMSO results in less apoptosis and necrosis in CD34+ cells. Transfusion 42 1573-1580. 

E. Therapentic response In clinical trials Leukine was safe and effective in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia, reducing the duration of neutropenia as well as chemotherapy-associated mortality and morbidity. Leukine, administered alone or after myeloablative chemotherapy, enhances the number of circulating peripheral blood progenitor cells, allowing harvest for autologous transplantation. 

Stem cell transplantation Mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) Patients with nonmyeloid malignancies treated with stem cell transplantation... 

Mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs)... 

Dreger P, Kloss M, Petersen B, Haferlach T, et al. 1995. -Autologous progenitor cell transplantation Prior exposure to stem cell-toxic drugs determines yield and engraft-ment of peripheral blood progenitor cell but not of bone marrow grafts. Blood. 86 3970-3978. 

Alessandrino R Bemasconi R Caldera D, et al. Adverse events occurring during bone marrow or peripheral blood progenitor cell infusion analysis of 126 cases. Bone Marrow Transpl 1999 23 533-537. 

Fuchs, S., Motta, A., Migliaresi, C., and Kirkpatrick, C.J. "Outgrowth endothelial cells isolated and expanded from human peripheral blood progenitor cells for endothelia-lization as a potential source of autologous of silk fibroin biomaterials". Biomaterials 27(31), 5399-5408 (2006). 

Filgrastim (r-metHuG-CSF) Neupogen (Amgen) Febrile neutropenias owing to myelosuppressive chemotherapy myeloid reconstitution after bone marrow transplantation severe chronic neutropenia peripheral blood progenitor cell transplant induction and consolidation therapy in AML... 

Epoetin combined with parenteral iron is effective and safe for moderate and severe iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy (26), and iron supplementation is often required (27). The use of epoetin in combination with intravenous iron makes collection of larger numbers of autologous erythrocyte units feasible. However, epoetin does not synergize with G-CSF for the mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells in healthy donors (28). 

In a randomized, double-blind study, oral granisetron (1 mg) was more effective than intravenous granisetron (1 mg) in preventing emesis caused by high-dose chemotherapy in 51 patients who underwent peripheral blood progenitor cell or bone-marrow transplantation (44). There was no significant difference in adverse events. The more frequent were headache, diarrhea, extrapyra-midal symptoms, and sedation. 

Abang AM, Takemoto MH, Pham T, Mandanas RA, Roy V, Selby GB, Carter TH. Efficacy and safety of oral granisetron versus i.v. granisetron in patients undergoing peripheral blood progenitor cell and bone marrow transplantation Anticancer Drugs 2000 ll(2) 137-42. 

Sufficient data on the potential long-term effects of G-CSF in healthy volunteers are still lacking. In one study, 101 healthy donors who had received filgrastim for a median of 6 days were questioned after a median of 43 (range 34-74) months to assess their current health 70 donors also had a complete blood count (17). No unusual disease was detected and the blood connts were within the reference range. In 20 donors followed for 6-12 months after peripheral blood progenitor cell collection, there were no particular symptoms or hematological abnormalities (15). 

The possible carcinogenic effects of G-CSF have also been discussed. There is as yet no indication of an increased risk of cancer, and no cases of acute or chronic leukemia were detected in a telephone interview study performed after a median of 39 months after peripheral blood progenitor cell donation in 281 donors (18). 

Fischmeister G, Kurz M, Haas OA, Micksche M, Buchinger P, Printz D, Ressmann G, Stroebel T, Peters C, Fritsch G, Gadner H. G-CSF versus GM-CSF for stimulation of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) and leukocytes in healthy volunteers comparison of efficacy and tolerability. Ann Hematol 1999 78(3) 117-23. 

Strom SS. Long-term follow-up of normal peripheral blood progenitor cell donors treated with filgrastim no evidence of increased risk of leukemia development. Bone Marrow Transplant 2002 30(10) 661-3. 

Esmaeli B, Ahmadi MA, Kim S, Onan H, Korbling M, Anderlini P. Marginal keratitis associated with administration of filgrastim and sargramostim in a healthy peripheral blood progenitor cell donor. Cornea 2002 21(6) 621-2. 

Guidelines for the appropriate use of hemopoietic growth factors in children have been proposed by a panel of European experts, who carefully summarized the potential indications and recommendations, and concluded that adult guidelines are apphcable to children in most cases (9). The authors considered that growth factors should be used in children for only a hmited number of circumstances prophylaxis or treatment in low-risk patients treated with chemotherapy, routine use in aplastic anemia, and mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells in healthy pediatric donors. 

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