Stem cells sources

Transplant with umbilical cord blood (UCB) offers an alternative stem cell source to patients who do not have an acceptable matched related or unrelated donor. When allogeneic hematopoietic cells are obtained from UCB, the cord blood is obtained from a consenting donor in the delivery room after birth and delivery of the placenta.32 The cord blood then is processed, a sample is sent for HLA typing, and the cord blood... 

Stem cell therapy involves infusion of specialized cells utilized to perform specific functions. The traditional use of cell therapy includes harvest and cryopreservation of autologous hematopoietic cells either from the bone marrow (old approach) or mobilization and pheresis of hematopoietic stem cells from peripheral blood using stem cell-mobilizing cytokines such as hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF, GM-CSF) or chemokine inhibitors (AMD-3100). A more recent stem cell source is umbilical cord blood that has rich pleuripotent potential and can engraft at lower doses than bone marrow or mobilized peripheral blood stem cells. 

Gratwohl A, Baldomero H, Schmid 0 et al. Change in stem cell source for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in Europe a report of the EBMT activity survey 2003. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2005 36 575-590. 

Osiris overcomes the ethical, health and practical concerns that hamper the development of other stem cell products because of its stem cell source and the great care taken to ensure safety and quality of the material. Stem cell donors are monitored for up to five years after donation to ensure their health status. This is the primary reason that Osiris has progressed into the human clinical trial phase faster than any other stem cell company [www. stemcellsinc. com]. 

Other Stem Cell Sources Used for Cardiomyogenic Differentiation... 

Organogenesis by Embryonic Renal Progenitors and Additional Stem Cell Sources... 

Oskarsson, T., BatUe, E., Massague, J. (2014). Metastatic stem cells Sources, niches, and vital pathways. Cell Stem Cell, 14, 306-321. 

Unfortunately, no investigation was made into the inflammatory response to highlight the advantage of using an autologous stem cell source. 

A Potentially Attractive Alternative Stem Cell Source... 

Otsu, K., Kumakami-Sakano, M., Fujiwara, N., Kikuchi, K., Keller, L., Lesot, H., Harada, H., 2014. Stem cell sources for tooth regeneration current status and future prospects. Front. Physiol. 5, 36. 

Tens of thousands of patients undergo blood and marrow transplantation (BMT) annually, primarily for hematologic malignancies. Since both their innate and acquired immune systems are impaired, infectious and noninfectious complications occur frequently in BMT recipients. The recovery of the immune system following BMT depends on the underlying disorder, stem cell source, and complications such as graft versus host disease (GVHD). Pulmonary complications develop in 25% to 60% of BMT recipients and are the immediate cause of death in approximately 61% (1). The main pulmonary complications are listed in Table 1. 

Respiratory Researchers looked to see if peripheral blood versus bone marrow as the haematopoietic stem cell source made a difference on the risk of Ixmg chronic graft-versus-host disease [173 ]. A total of 401 patients were studied, 280 were transplanted with peripheral blood and 121 were transplanted with bone marrow. At a median follow-up of 36.8montiis, peripheral blood stem cells demonstrated an increased risk of lung chronic graft-versus-host disease (HR 2.4,95% Cl = 1.28-4.49). 

Death As shown above, selection of stem cell source is patient context-specific. In a randomised, multicenter trial of peripheral blood versus bone marrow transplant for malignant disease, tiiere was no survival difference identified [176 -]. However, in the setting of acquired aplastic anaemia, bone marrow is the preferred source of stem cells for survival (RR 1.6,95% CI = 1.2-2.0) [177 ]. 

Bacigalupo A, Socie G, Schrezenmeier H, Tichelli A, LocasciulU A, Fuehrer M, et al. Bone marrow versus peripheral blood as the stem cell source for sibling transplants in acquired aplastic anemia survival advantage for bone marrow in all age groups. Haematologica 2012 97(8) 1142-8. 

Introduction The Hematopoietic Hierarchy The Hematopoietic Lineage Commitment Process Hematopoietic Stem Cells Sources of Hematopoietic Stem Cells for Clinical Transplantation Fivo Expansion of HSCs Conclusion References... 

Peters, C., Cornish, J. M., Parikh, S. H., and Kurtzberg, J. 2010. Stem cell source and outcome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children and adolescents with acute leukemia. Pediatr Clin North Am. 57 27-46. 

It is well-known that the identification of several stem cell sources and their isolation promise to revolutionize the concept of regenerative medicine (Conrad and Huss 2005), allowed us to develop numerous cell-based therapies. For cell therapy, either differentiated (e.g., autologous chondrocytes) (Risbud and Sittinger 2002) or undifferentiated (e.g., stem cells) cells (Spangrude 2003, Zeng and Rao 2007) can be used. An implantation at the injury site of freshly isolated cells (e.g., own-patient cells) or cultured cells (differentiated cells alone or in combination with stem cells, and with or without the presence of bioactive molecules) is a possibihty. 

The term hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has supplanted the previously employed term bone marrow transplantation to reflect the broader range of donor stem cell sources that are now available bone marrow, fetal cord blood, and growth-factor-stimulated peripheral blood (Kotloff et al. 2004). Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is being used with increasing frequency for the treatment of leukemia, aplastic anemia, myeloma, and some forms of lymphoma and solid tumors. It is estimated that more than 50,000 marrow and HSC transplantations are performed annually worldwide (Tabbara et al. 2002). 

Stem Cell Sources Applications Conclusions References... 

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