Pregnancy during

Prolactin-Like Proteins. A number of prolactin-like proteins (PLPs), which ate distinct from the PLs, have been identified in mminants and rodents (11,23). Several cDNA transcripts coding for PLPs in catde have been identified (23). These transcripts code for proteins which possess about 40% sequence homology with bovine PRL 60% if conservative substitutions ate considered. Three glycosylated PLPs, ie, PLP-A, -B, and -C, ate produced during pregnancy in the rat (11). Two additional prolactin-related molecules have been identified in the mouse (24,25), ie, proliferin [92769-12-5] (PLF) and PLF-related protein [98724-27-7]. These ate not found in other rodents and may be unique to the mouse. The functional roles of PLPs remain to be deterrnined. 

Penicillamine (29) can be effective in patients with refractory RA and may delay progression of erosions, but adverse effects limit its useflilness. The most common adverse side effects for penicillamine are similar to those of parenteral gold therapy, ie, pmritic rash, protein uria, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Decreased or altered taste sensation is a relatively common adverse effect for penicillamine. A monthly blood count, platelet count, and urinalysis are recommended, and also hepatic and renal function should be periodically monitored. Penicillamine is teratogenic and should not be used during pregnancy. 

Increased amounts are required during pregnancy and lactation. Adequate intake with adequate intake of protein. 

The penicillins in general, ate renowned for their lack of toxicity. The most common adverse effect of the use of penicillins is an allergic reaction which can change from a mild rash to fatal anaphylactic shock in rate cases. AH penicillins cross the placenta and ate excreted in maternal milk. However, the relative freedom from toxicity tenders these compounds valuable agents during pregnancy and lactation. 

In the case of tinea corporis, treatment may last longer than six weeks. The treatment of onychomycosis may last up to twelve months, certainly if the toenails are involved. Caution is required in patients with impaired kidney or Hver function or hematological disorders. Also, use is contraindicated during pregnancy. 

Toxicological studies have demonstrated that there are no important problems with fluconazole. Therapeutic doses of fluconazole may cause enzyme induction in the Hver. This suggests that interactions with other dmgs cannot be excluded. The side effects are similar to those of itraconazole and include nausea, headache, and vertigo. Occasionally, increased Hver enzymes may be noted. Like itraconazole, fluconazole is contraindicated during pregnancy. 

The recommended daily allowances of calcium are children to 10 years of age, 360—800 mg teenage children, 1200 mg adults, 800 mg, increasing to 1200 mg during pregnancy and lactation (29). Cow s milk suppHes ca 1.27 g/L of calcium in available form. 

Since angiotensin II is important for kidney development in mammals, ACE inhibitors and other dtugs interfering with RAS should not be given during pregnancy. 

---