Tandem mass spectrometry method development

Whalen, K., Gobey, J., and Janiszewski, J., A centralized approach to tandem mass spectrometry method development for high-throughput ADME screening, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 20(10), 1497, 2006. 

A separation method using RP-HPLC and electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous determination of Sudan-azo dyes in hot chilli products. The chemical structures of the azo dyes included in the investigation are listed in... 

F. Calbiani, M. Careri, L. Elviri, A. Mangia, L. Pistara and I. Zagnoni, Development and in-house validation of a liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan II and Sudan IV in hot chili products. J. ChromatogrA, 1043 (2004) 123-130. 

DehnuUe, B., De Saeger, S., Adams, A., De Kimpe, N., and Van Peteghem, C., Development of a hquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of 16 myco-toxins on cellulose filters and in fungal cultures, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 20(5), 771-776, 2006. 

Smalley, J., Kadiyala, P., Xin, B., Balimane, P., and Olah, T. (2006). Development of an online extraction turbulent-flow chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for cassette analysis of Caco-2 cell based bi-directional assay samples. J. Chromatogr. B Ana. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 830 270-277. 

A selective, sensitive, and rapid hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of donepezil in human plasma [32], Donepezil was twice extracted from human plasma using methyl-ferf-butyl ether at basic pH. The analytes were separated on an Atlantis HILIC Silica column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile ammonium formate (50 mM, pH 4.0) (85 15, v/v) and detected by tandem mass spectrometry in the selective reaction monitoring mode. The calibration curve was linear (r = 0.9994) over the concentration range of 0.10-50.0 ng/ ml and the lower limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/ml using 200 /d plasma sample. The CV and relative error for intra- and inter-assay at four quality control levels were 2.7% to 10.5% and —10.0% to 0.0%, respectively. There was no matrix effect for donepezil and cisapride. The present method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of donepezil after oral dose of donepezil hydrochloride (10 mg tablet) to male healthy volunteers. 

Beer B et al (2010) Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of tamoxifen, anastrozole, and letrozole in human plasma and its application to a clinical study. Anal Bioanal Chem 398 1791-1800... 

Hauser B, Deschner T, Boesch C (2008) Development of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of 23 endogenous steroids in small quantities of primate urine. J Chromatogr B 862 100-112... 

Murphy AT, Brown-Augsburger P, Yu RZ, Geary RS, Thibodeaux S, Ackermann BL. Development of an ion-pair reverse-phase liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of an 18-mer phosphorothioate oligonucleotide in mouse liver tissue. Eur J Mass Spec 2005 11(2) 209-15. 

A more simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry method [46], was developed and validated for quantitation of tadalafil 1 in human plasma, a new selective, reversible... 

The first procedure available for analysis of cyclosporine was an RIA developed by Sandoz Pharmaceuticals, the producer of cyclosporine. This immunoassay exhibits approximately 30% cross-reactivity with inactive metabolites, and the test is now considered obsolete. Nonisotopic immunoassays have been developed for whole-blood analysis. HPLC methods have been developed and are used now by many laboratories. A practical HPLC tandem mass spectrometry method is included on this book s accompanying Evolve site, found at http //evolve.elsevier.com/Tietz/ textbook/. 

Polo, M., Gomez Noya, G., Quintana, J. B., Llompart, M., Garcia Jares, C., and Cela, R., Development of a solid phase microextraction gas chromatography or tandem mass spectrometry method for polyhrominated diphenyl ethers and polyhrominated biphenyls in water samples. Anal. Chem., 76, 1054-1062, 2004. 

Locati D, Morandi S, Zanotti M, Arnold A (2006). Preliminary approaches for the development of a high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method for the detection and label-free semi-quantitation of the main storage proteins of Lupinus albus in foods. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 20 1305-1316. 

Margalit, A., Duffin, K. L. and Isakson, P. C. (1996) Rapid quantitation of a large scope of eicosanoids in two models of inflammation development of an electrospray and tandem mass spectrometry method and application to biological studies. Analyt. Biochem., 235, 73-81. 

Vita, M. Skansen, P. Hassan M. Abdel-Rehim, M. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of roscovitine in plasma and urine samples utilizing on-hne sample preparation. J. Chromatogr. B, 2005, 817, 303 307. 

Lim, K.B., Ozbal, C.C., Kassel, D.B. (2010) Development of a high-throughput online solid-phase extraction/ tandem mass spectrometry method for cytochrome P450 inhibition screening. Journal of Biomolecular Screening, 15,441- 52. 

A 96-well microtitre plate assay with microcomputer analysis has simplified the microbiological assay making it less laborious, less time-consuming and more reproducible. Recently, an automated 96-well plate isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry method and an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method have been developed and validated for the quantification of synthetic folic add in folate-fortified breads (Fazili and Pfeiffer 2004 Chandra-Hioe et al. 2011). 

Recently, automated multiple development (AMD) thin layer chromatography has been applied for the analyis of caffeic acid derivatives in E. angustifolia root extracts [45, 46]. The separation was performed on silica plates (Sil G-50 UV 254) and AMD was achieved in 25 steps using methanol, ethylacetate, toluene, 1,2-di-chloroethane, 25% ammonia solution, and anhydrous formic acid as modifiers. For the screening of echinacoside in crude plant extracts, a fast-atom-bombardment tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed [47, 48]. 

Verplaetse R, Tytgat J. Development and validation of a sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of fen-tanyl and its major metabolite norfentanyl in urine and whole blood in forensic context. J Chromatogr B Anal Tech Biomed Life Sci 2010 878 1987—96. 

Llorca M, Farre M, Pico Y, Barcelo D. Development and validation of a pressurized liquid extraction liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry method for perfluorinated compounds determination in fish. J Chromatogr A 2009 1216(43) 7195-204. 

Zhang MY, Hughes ZA, Kerns EH, Lin Q, Beyer CE. Development of a liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitation of acetylcholine and related neurotransmitters in brain microdialysis samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007 44 586-93. 

Fernandez-Gonzalez V, Muniategui-Lorenzo S, Lopez-Mahia P, Prada-Rodriguez D (2008) Development of a programmed temperature vaporization-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for polycychc aromatic hydrocarbons ancilysis in biota samples at ultratrace levels. J Chromatogr A 1207 136-145... 

An on-line chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-APCI/MS/MS) methods was developed for rapid screen of pharmacokinetics of different drugs, including 5 (98RCM1216). The electron impact mass spectrum of 5 and ethyl 9,10-difluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7Ff-pyrido[l,2,3- fe]-l,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylate was reported (97MI28). Electron impact/Fourier transform... 

Gros M, Petrovic M, Barcelo D (2006) Development of a multi-residue analytical method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) for screening and trace level determination of pharmaceuticals in surface and wastewaters. Talanta 70 (4) 678-690... 

Specifically for triazines in water, multi-residue methods incorporating SPE and LC/MS/MS will soon be available that are capable of measuring numerous parent compounds and all their relevant degradates (including the hydroxytriazines) in one analysis. Continued increases in liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/API-MS/MS) sensitivity will lead to methods requiring no aqueous sample preparation at all, and portions of water samples will be injected directly into the LC column. The use of SPE and GC or LC coupled with MS and MS/MS systems will also be applied routinely to the analysis of more complex sample matrices such as soil and crop and animal tissues. However, the analyte(s) must first be removed from the sample matrix, and additional research is needed to develop more efficient extraction procedures. Increased selectivity during extraction also simplifies the sample purification requirements prior to injection. Certainly, miniaturization of all aspects of the analysis (sample extraction, purification, and instrumentation) will continue, and some of this may involve SEE, subcritical and microwave extraction, sonication, others or even combinations of these techniques for the initial isolation of the analyte(s) from the bulk of the sample matrix. 

The need to understand the fate of pesticides in the environment has necessitated the development of analytical methods for the determination of residues in environmental media. Adoption of methods utilizing instrumentation such as gas chro-matography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS), or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has allowed the detection of minute amounts of pesticides and their degradation products in environmental samples. Sample preparation techniques such as solid-phase extraction (SPE), accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), or solid-phase microextraction (SPME) have also been important in the development of more reliable and sensitive analytical methods. 

---