Liquid specification

H = liquid specific enthalpy of the component i X = weight fraction of the component i... 

The liquid-piston type of compressor has been of particular advantage when hazardous gases are being handled. Because of the gas-liquid contact and because of the much greater liquid specific heat, the gas-temperature rise is veiy small. 

The heat evolution rate per unit mass, the vent capacity per unit area, physical properties (e.g.. latent heat of liquid, specific heat, and vapor/liqnid specific volumes) are constant. It allows for total vapor-liqnid disengagement of fluids that are not natural" surface active foamers. ... 

G = mass vent capacity per unit area (kg/m"s) h, = latent heat.. T/kg Uf = liquid specific volume (m /kg)... 

Ufo = differences between vapor and liquid specific volumes (m /kg)... 

SPECIFIC VOLUME OF LIQUID, m 3/kg DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GAS AND LIQUID SPECIFIC VOLUMES ltl 3/kg ... 

The °AP1 gravity measures the density of a hydrocarbon liquid. Specific gravity (SG) is another common measurement of density. The liquid SG is the relative weight of a volume of sample to the weight of the same volume of water at 60°F (15.5°C). 

The book by Karniadakis and Beskon (2002) addresses gas and liquid microflows with focus on the former, in which most of the deviations from macro-scales occur. The authors also treat liquid-specific phenomena and molecular dynamics. 

Huid Saturation temperature Isat [°C] Liquid density Pl [kg/m ] Liquid specific heat rp,L [J/kg K] Vapor density Pg [kg/m ] Latent heat of vaporization h-LG [kJ/kg] Surface tension (TX id [N/m]... 

Figure 2. A schematic of the free energy density of an aperiodic lattice as a function of the effective Einstein oscillator force constant a (a is also an inverse square of the locahzation length used as input in the density functional of the liquid). Specifically, the curves shown characterize the system near the dynamical transition at Ta, when a secondary, metastable minimum in F a) begins to appear as the temperature is lowered. Taken from Ref. [47] with permission.

Liquid specific heats do not vary much with temperature, at temperatures well below the critical temperature (reduced temperature <0.7). 

R = 8.3145 kJ-K 1-kmol 1 and T is the reactor temperature (K). T is also the supply temperature of A whose yet unknown inventory mA is in the form of a superheated liquid. The total amount of B to be produced is 1000 kmol. T and mA are to be selected with the additional consideration of safety. The normal boiling point of A is 70°C, its latent heat of vaporization is 25,000 kJ-kmol-1, the liquid specific heat capacity is 140 kJ-kmol K 1, and its heat of combustion is 2.5 x 106 k.bkrnol. The residence time of the reactor is 1 min, and the safety is measured in terms of fire and explosion hazards on the basis of the theoretical combustion energy resulting form catastrophic failure of the equipment. 

Liquid specific heat = 2 J/g K Boiling point = 40 °C Liquid density = 1.33 g/cm3... 

Liquid density = 918 kg/m3 Liquid specific heat = 2.1 J/g K Heat of vaporization = 250 J/g Vapor specific heat = 1.66 J/g K Boiling temperature = 250 °C Stoichiometric air to fuel mass ratio = 15 Heat of combustion = 44.4 kJ/g... 

The average specific volume V is a function of the gas and liquid specific volumes and the mass fraction of gas. The liquid may be treated as incompressible but, in general, the specific volume of the gas and the mass fraction will change along the length of the pipe. Differentiating equation 7.51... 

---