Ferf-Butyl methyl ether

Baretto RD, KA Gray, K Anders (1995) Photocatalytic degradation of methyl-ferf-butyl ether in TiOj slurries a proposed reaction scheme Water Res 29 1243-1248. 

Steffan RJ, K McClay, S Vainberg, CW Condee, D Zhang (1997) Biodegradation of the gasoline oxygenates methyl ferf-butyl ether, ethyl ferf-butyl ether, and amyl tcrt-butyl ether by propane-oxidizing bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 63 4216-4222. 

FIGURE 11.3 Degradation of methyl ferf-butyl ether. 

Hanson JR, CE Ackerman, KM Scow (1999) Biodegradation of methyl ferf-butyl ether by a bacterial pure culture. Appl Environ Microbiol 65 4788-4792. 

Shih C-C, ME Davey, J Zhou, JM Tiedje, CS Criddle (1996) Effects of phenol feeding pattern on microbial community structure and cometabolism of trichloroethylene. Appl Environ Microbiol 62 2953-2960. Somsamak P, HH Richnow, MM Haggblom (2005) Carbon isotope fractionation during anaerobic biotransformation of methyl ferf-butyl ether and ferf-amyl methyl ether. Environ Sci Technol 39 103-109. Somsamak P, RM Cowan, MM Haggblom (2001) Anaerobic biotransformation of fuel oxygenates under sulfate-reducing conditions. EEMS Microbiol Ecol 37 259-264. 

Halden, R.U., Happel, A.M., and Schoen, S.R., Evaluation of standard methods for the analysis of methyl ferf-butyl ether and related oxygenates in gasoline-contaminated groundwater, Environmental Science Technology, 35 (7), 1469-1474, 2001. 

Xu XR, Gu J-D (2004) Elucidation of methyl ferf-butyl ether degradation with Fe2+/H202 by purge-and-trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Micro-chemJ 77 71-77... 

Bierwagen, B.G., Keller, A.A. (2001) Measurement of Henry s law constant for methyl ferf-butyl ether using solid-phase microextraction. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 20, 1625-1629. 

Extracts were further purified on neutral alumina cartridges conditioned by passing through 5 ml of hexane. Extracts were loaded in hexane and washed by 5 ml of hexane. The at- and /1-carotenes were removed by 3.5 ml of acetone-hexane (10 90, v/v), other carotenoids were eluted with acetone-hexane 30 70 and 70 30 v/v. Prepurification of pigments was performed in subdued light under a stream of nitrogen. Analyses were carried out in a C30 column (250 X 4.6 mm i.d., particle size 5/tm) using isocratic mobile phase composed of methyl-ferf-butyl ether (MTBE)-methanol (3 97 and 38 62, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The column was not thermostated separations were achieved at room temperature (about 23°C). Carotenoids were detected at 453 and 460 nm (lutein). The... 

Methyl ferf-butyl ether [1634-04-4] 0 0.01 Bennett and Philip, 1928 ... 

Methyl-l-butanol, see Isoamyl acetate Methyl ferf-butyl ether, see Methanol A-Methylcarbamic acid, see Carbofuran... 

Degradation of methyl terf-butyl ether by bifunctional aluminum in the presence of oxygen was investigated by Lien and Wilkin (2002). Bifunctional aluminum was synthesized by sulfating aluminum metal with sulfuric acid. When the initial methyl terf-butyl ether concentration was 14.4 mg/L, 90% of methyl ferf-butyl ether degraded within 24 h forming acetone, methyl acetate, tert-hniyX alcohol, and ferf-butyl formate. Carbon disulfide was tentatively identified as a reaction product by GC/MS. Product yields were 27.6% for acetone, 18.4% for methyl acetate, 21% for tert-hniyX alcohol, and 6.1% ferf-butyl formate. When the initial concentration of methyl tert-butyl ether was reduced to 1.4 mg/L, 99.5% of methyl terCbutyl ether reacted. Yields of acetone, methyl acetate, and /erf-butyl alcohol were 54.7,17.2, and 13.2, respectively. 

Church, C.D., Pankow, J.F., and Tratnyek, P.G. Hydrolysis of ferf-butyl formate kinetics, products, and implications for the environmental impact of methyl ferf-butyl ether. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 18(12) 2789-2796, 1999. 

Fischer, A., Muller, M., and Klasmeier, J. Determination of Henry s law constant for methyl ferf-butyl ether (MTBE) at groundwater temperatures, Chemosphere, 54(6) 689-694, 2004. 

Lien, H.-L. and Wilkin, R. Reductive activation of dioxygen for degradation of methyl ferf-butyl ether by bifunctional aluminum. Environ. Sci. Technol, 36(20) 4436-4440, 2002. 

Munoz, R., Burguet, M.C., Morlanes, N., and Garci a-Usach, F. Densities, refractive indices, and excess molar volumes of binary and tertiary systems containing isobutyl alcohol, ethanol, 2-methylpentane, and methyl ferf-butyl ether at 298.15 K, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 45(4) 585-589, 2000. 

The first variant works with isobutane as the hydroperoxide precursor, which is oxidized to TBHP by molecular oxygen. During the epoxidation of propene, TBHP is transformed to ferf-butanol, which is converted to methyl ferf-butyl ether. The second procedure employs ethylbenzene, which is oxidized by molecular oxygen to phenyl ethyl hydroperoxide, which transfers an oxygen to propene and so is reduced to phenylethanol. This by-product of the process is converted to styrene, a versatile bulk chemical. 

DO-IT has been used at several sites to treat benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX), methyl ferf-butyl ether (MTBE), and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). According to the vendor, this technology may also be applied or modified to clean up any aerobically biodegradable contaminants in soil. 

The nature of the problem dictates that studies on a real system are required to determine true efficacy. While we are involved in a held trial of CoFoam to remove methyl ferf-butyl ether (MtBE) from groundwater, to date we have completed only laboratory and pilot plant testing. Nevertheless, the results point toward eventual success. (Registered trademarks of Hydrophilix Corp., Saco, ME, USA.)... 

Carotenoid sample (1 to 100 mg/liter 2 to 200 pM) dissolved in volatile organic solvent (e.g., hexane, tetrahydrofuran, methyl-ferf-butyl ether, acetone), stored in an airtight glass vial... 

FAB ionization has been used in combination with LC/MS in a technique called continuous-flow FAB LC/MS (Schmitz et al., 1992 van Breemen et al., 1993). Although any standard HPLC solvent can be used, including methyl-ferf-butyl ether and methanol, the mobile phase should not contain nonvolatile additives such as phosphate or Tris buffers. Volatile buffers such as ammonium acetate are compatible at low concentrations (i.e., <10 mM). Continuous-flow FAB has also been used in combination with MS/MS (van Breemen et al., 1993). The main limitationsof continuous-flow FAB compared to other LC/MS techniques for carotenoids, such as ESI and APCI, are the low flow rates and the high maintenance requirements. During use, the 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol matrix polymerizes on the continuous-flow probe tip causing loss of sample signal. As a result, the continuous-flow probe must be removed and cleaned approximately every 3 hr. 

Figure F2.4.1 Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis of isomeric carotenes in a hexane extract from 0.5 ml human serum. Positive ion electrospray ionization MS was used on a quadrupole mass spectrometer with selected ion monitoring to record the molecular ions of lycopene, p-carotene, and a-carotene at m/z (mass-to-charge ratio) 536. A C30 HPLC column was used for separation with a gradient from methanol to methyl-ferf-butyl ether. The a -trans isomer of lycopene was detected at a retention time of 38.1 min and various c/ s isomers of lycopene eluted between 27 and 39 min. The all-frans isomers of a-carotene and P-carotene were detected at 17.3 and 19.3 min, respectively.

Figure F2.4.3 Flow-injection positive ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrum of -1 pmol lycopene. The carrier solvent for flow injection analysis consisted of metha-nol/methyl-ferf-butyl ether (50 50 v/v) at a flow rate of 200 ul/min. The lycopene standard was isolated from tomatoes. The a -trans isomer of lycopene is shown, which is the most abundant isomer found in the tomato. This carotene is the familiar red pigment of the tomato.

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