Surfactants alkylaryl sulfonates

The solubihty characteristics of sodium acyl isethionates allow them to be used in synthetic detergent (syndet) bars. Complex blends of an isethionate and various soaps, free fatty acids, and small amounts of other surfactants reportedly are essentially nonirritant skin cleansers (66). As a rule, the more detersive surfactants, for example alkyl sulfates, a-olefin sulfonates, and alkylaryl sulfonates, are used in limited amounts in skin cleansers. Most skin cleansers are compounded to leave an emollient residue on the skin after rinsing with water. Free fatty acids, alkyl betaines, and some compatible cationic or quaternary compounds have been found to be especially useful. A mildly acidic environment on the skin helps control the growth of resident microbial species. Detergent-based skin cleansers can be formulated with abrasives to remove scaly or hard-to-remove materials from the skin. 

Kott, K.L, et al. (2003) Detergent compositions containing modified alkylaryl sulfonate surfactants. U.S. Patent 6589927B1. 

Hard-core RMs of carbonate-alkylaryl sulfonates (OCABS) are prepared by reaction of carbon dioxide with calcium or magnesium oxide (or hydroxide) in the presence of a surfactant (Delfort et al., 1995 Mansot et al., 1993a). Because of their alkaline reservoir they are able to neutralize the acidic by-products resulting from oxidation of oil and from fuel combustion products (blow-by). 

Modified hard-core RMs by phosphosulfurized compound. Improved extreme-pressure and antiwear properties have also been obtained with the introduction of some chemical species, such as sulfur, phosphorus or boron derivatives, into the colloidal core (Delfort et al., 1998 Inoue, 1993 Inoue and Nose, 1987). Welding loads, load wear index and wear scar diameter at 5 wt% of a CaC03 core surrounded by a calcium alkylaryl-sulfonate surfactant shell, and modified by phosphosulfurized calcium carbonate core were evaluated for calcium dialkyl dithiophosphate (CaDTP) and calcium trithiophosphate (CaTTP) with the four-ball extreme-pressure test (ASTM D2783 standard method). Both modified products exhibit improved extreme-pressure performances (welding load and load wear index), while their antiwear properties (wear scar diameter) compared to those of the original micellar substrate remain at least at the same level. 

The soaps of the ethanolamines are extensively used in textile treating agents, in shampoos, and emulsifiers. The fatty acid amides of diethanolamine are applied as builders in heavy-duty detergents, particularly those in which alkylaryl sulfonates are the surfactant ingredients. The use of triethanolamine in photographic developing baths promotes fine grain structure in the film when developed. 

Surfactants are widely used for a variety of reasons, including surface wetting agents, detergents, emulsifiers, lubricants, gasoline additives, and enhanced oil-recovery agents. The type of surfactants selected for a particular application often depends on the chemical and physical properties required and on economics or other considerations such as environmental concerns. To meet these requirements, a typical surfactant formulation may contain blends of a variety of commercial products, which could include ionic and nonionic ethoxylated surfactants, alkylsulfonates, and alkylaryl-sulfonates, and petroleum sulfonates. 

Calsoft. [Pilot] Alkylaryl sulfonic acid and salts surfactant, detergent, emulsion stabilizer, wetting and foaming agent for household and industrial detergents, agric. formulations, emulsion polymerization, cosmetics, textile scouring. 

H2O Entrained liquid water is present in many materials. It is particularly troublesome in some inorganic salts, minerals, cellulosic materials, carbohydrates, and alkylaryl sulfonate surfactants. (See 3448-3333 cm" region.)... 

The majority of surfactants used in coatings formulations are standard anionic and nonionic amphiphiles, such as fatty alcohol sulfates, alkylaryl sulfonates and alcohol ethoxylates. Cationic and amphoteric surfactants... 

Sanz and Pope [17] have screened combinations of ethoxylated sulfonates and alkylaryl sulfonates for alcohol-free chemical flooding purposes. They observed difficulties in obtaining clean or gel-free microemulsions at the phase transition from Type II( —) to Type III, which means that surfactant retention and pore plugging may take place. Thus, it appears to be an advantage to stay in the two-phase region during the flood process. 

In order to reduce the cost of the chemical formulation, mixtures of ethoxylated and alkylaryl sulfonates have been tested as potential chemicals both in the field and in the laboratory [37, 38]. Analysis of produced fluids from a pilot test suggested that no significant chromatographic separation had occurred between the components of the surfactant slug that had been injected. Without any experimental documentation. Miller et al. [38] suggested that the interaction between surfactants in such mixtures tends to equalize the adsorption of the components onto the reservoir rock. 

DUPONT offers eight sulfonate products for use in such diverse applications as textile and paper manufacture, metal working, petroleum, and agricultural chemicals. There are five alkyl sulfonates—PETROWET R ALKANOL 189-S and AVITONE A, P, and T—and three alkylaryl sulfonates—ALKANOL XC, WXN, and ND— all of which offer a combination of surface-active properties and good stability, making them valuable in a wide variety of industrial applications. PETROWET R and ALKANOL 189-S, XC, and WXN are surfactants ALKANOL ND and F are dyeing assistants and AVITONE P and T are softeners. 

Chem. Descrip. Alkylaryl sulfonate blended with POE sorbitan ester of tall oil Uses Agric. surfactant... 

Chem. Descrip. Sodium alkylaryl sulfonate complex Ionic Nature Anionic Uses Surfactant mold release agent Properties Liq. 32% cone. 

Uses Wetting agent, surfactant used with alkylaryl sulfonates in cleaners rewetter for paper towels raw wool detergent coemulsifier for aromatic and aliphatic soivs. Properties Gardner < 1 liq. dens, 8,3 Ib/gal vise. 75 cs HLB 13.2 cloud pt. 55 C 100% act. 

Active agent content of anionics is usually determined by titration with a cationic surfactant such as benzethonium chloride. Two-phase titration is suitable for assay of alkylaryl sulfonates alkyl sulfates and hydroxysulfates, alkanesulfonates, fatty alcohol ethoxysul-fates and alkyIphenolethoxysulfates and dialkyIsulfosuccinates (4,5). The results on ma-... 

Senden, W. A. A., R. Riemersma, Alkylaryl sulfonates by HPLC, Tenside, Surfactants, Deterg., 1990,27,46-51. 

Uses Surfactant in cosmetics detergent base wetting agent for textile and leather auxs., detergents, cosmetics, disinfectants Trade Name Synonyms Mersolat H 95 [Bayer AG http //www.bayer-ag.de-, http //www.bayer.com-, Bayer/Industrial Chems./Textile http //www.bayerus.com] Sodium CIO-18 alkyl sulfonate CAS 68037-49-0 EINECS/ELINCS 268-213-3 Synonyms Alkylaryl sodium sulfonate n-Alkyl (CIO-18) sulfonic acids, sodium salts Cl 0-18-alkane sulfonate, sodium salt (C10-C18) alkylsulfonic acid, sodium salt Sulfonic acids. Cl0-18-alkane, sodium salts Empiricai Ci4H29NaO S Properties M.w. 300.44 Uses Antistat for thermoplastic film and molded goods, food-grade polymers Trade Name Synonyms Chemstat PS-101 [Chemax http //www.chemaxinc.com]... 

The types of surfactants used in an emulsion polymerization span the entire range of anionic, cationic, and nonionic species. The most commonly used soaps are alkyl sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfate [151-21-3], alkylaryl sulfates such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate [25155-30-0], and alkyl or aryl polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactants (87,101-104). Product stability and particle size control are the driving forces which determine the types of surfactants employed mixtures of nonionic and anionic surfactants are commonly used to achieve these goals (105-108). 

Some of the most widely used detergents are manufactured by sulfonation of long chain alkylaryl hydrocarbons 28 and the resultant sodium alkylbenzenesulfo-nates 29 are important anionic surfactants. The alkyl group (R) must be highly lipophilic to dissolve oils and fats the formation of the detergents 29 is shown (Equation 1), (Chapter 6, ref 33). 

---