Safety emphasis

Gambatese, J. A. (2003). Safety emphasis in university engineering and construction programs. Construction scfety education and training—A global perspective, (Special Issue article), 115. 

The tide of reform surged forward, and there was less opposition to the reform. Safety emphasis grew and more factory acts were passed. By 1878 almost all the manufacturing concerns were incorporated under these acts. 

Having a fleet that is well maintained and a staff which is consciously practicing safety measures just doesn t happen by accident or through the course of natural evolution. If anything, over the course of time, many drivers become methodical and perform their positions with less care. Initial orientation and periodic refresher training can be the motivating factor that your staff needs to perform their jobs with a safety emphasis. 

The nurse maintains a spreadsheet of all employee visits to the health office. She combines this information with that received from the medical provider to form a report that is presented to the safety committee each month. This report and the incident reports become the basis for special safety emphasis programs in the company. 

People ignored or exempted from policies and standards. Lack of real safety emphasis... 

People ignored or exempted from policies and standards. Lack of real safety emphasis. This might sound like the did not follow safety rules excuse, but this is intended to cover the deeper problems associated with poor safety emphasis. In this case, the didnotfollow safety rules excuse wouldnot be written into an accident report. People know there are policies and standards associated with electrical systems, but because of management actions, they believe their work is... 

The benefits of a successful analysis can be realized by identifying potential hazards that can be corrected before an injury occurs. Areas in need of safety emphasis will be recognized. Existing procedures, practices, and safety training will be modified to prevent incidents. The collection and assimilation of incident reports indicate trends that can be averted by responding with appropriate safety management. 

Fixes that fail. Over the years, many safety professionals have told us that safety programs get stale and that to maintain the safety of their organization, they needed to regularly find fresh approaches. While this may seem logical, we have never seen evidence that this is so. What it sounds like is that these managers are caught in the fixes-that-fail archetype. This relates to our previous discussion of inaeasing safety emphasis as a way to improve safety. 

Director Demonstrate leadership, show visible support Participate in incident investigation process Site safety visit provide a visible presence in work area with a safety emphasis Participate in weekly safety meetings Review safety performance reports Hold team members accountable for safety requirements Conduct a safety observation Participate in audits/ inspections Lead safety toolbox meetings Participate in reward/ recognition event... 

Chemical processes will in the future need to be designed as part of a sustainable industrial development which retains the capacity of ecosystems to support industrial activity and life. This book therefore places a high emphasis on waste minimization and energy efficiency in the context of good economic performance and good health and safety practices. 

An overview of the general principles of filtration having specific appHcation to bacterial and viral removal is given herein. The emphasis is on ensuring that the sterility and/or safety of biologicals and biopharmaceuticals be maintained. 

ALWRs are expected to be deployed ia the United States and ia Asian counties. However, France will use improved versions of standard reactors, considering them to be amply safe and economical. The reactors were modified after the Three-Mile Island-2 (TMI-2) accident. The company Framatome that has built most of the reactors of France is associated with Babcock Wilcox ia the United States. The new Framatome 1500 MWe N4 PWR is an extension of the successful four-loop units of 1300 MWe originally designed by Westiaghouse. Full emphasis is givea to safety, ecoaomy, and rehabiUty. More severe design criteria than those ia the former model have beea adopted. 

The following is a brief introduction to making measurements that might be needed in the course of developing an lAQ profile or investigating an lAQ complaint. Emphasis has been placed on the parameters most commonly of interest in nonresearch studies, highlighting the more practical methods and noting some inappropriate tests to avoid. Most of the instruments discussed in this section are relatively inexpensive and readily available from many local safety supply companies. Air contaminants of concern in lAQ can be measured by one or more of the methods described below. 

This form doeuments information related to eontraetors/subeontraetors with partieular emphasis on a reeord of good safety performanee and quality whieh meets your requirements so that the host organization may be provided with safety performanee and eost eontrol. Failure to eomplete and return this form will preelude qualifying a eontraetoiV subeontraetor to do work for the host organization. 

All lower tier subcontractors engaged by a contractor/subcontractor providing services to the host organization will be qualified in accordance with this procedure, the same as the contractor/subcontractor, with particular emphasis on the prequalification form, insurance requirements, and safety rules. A qualified contractor/subcontractor file shall be maintained by purchasing for each lower tier subcontractor employed by a contractor/subcontractor. 

CONCAWE is the oil companies European organization for environment, health and safety. The emphasis of its work lies on technical and economic studies relevant to oil refining, distribution and marketing in Europe. 

Comparison of these models quickly shows that they are all very similar. There are differences in terminology and emphasis, but the fundamental concepts of process safety management are consistent. For example ... 

An additional reason for investing resources in error reduction measures is to improve the ability of the industry to conform to regulatory standards. It is likely that as the relationship between hximan error and safety becomes more widely recognized, regulatory authorities will place more emphasis on the reduction of error-inducing conditions in plants. It is therefore important that the Chemical Process Industries take the lead in developing a systematic approach and a defensible position in this area. 

The first perspective is the traditional safety engineering approach (Section 2.4). This stresses the individual factors that give rise to accidents and hence emphasizes selection, together with motivational and disciplinary approaches to accident and error reduction. The main emphasis here is on behavior modification, through persuasion (motivational campaigns) or pimishment. The main area of application of this approach has been to occupational safety, which focuses on hazards that affect the individual worker, rather than process safety, which emphasizes major systems failures that could cause major plant losses and impact to the environment as well as individual injury. 

The approaches described in this chapter can be regarded as complementary rather than competing methodologies. They all have a part to play in an integrated approach to the management of human error to reduce accidents in the CPI. Having said this, we will place rather more emphasis on approaches other than the traditional safety approach in this book. 

A program of research has been supported for several years by the United Kingdom Health Safety Executive (HSE) to address the effects of sociotechnical factors on risk in the CPI. The initial emphasis of this work was to develop a methodology so that chemical process quantitative risk analysis (CPQRA) would take into accotmt the effects of the quality of the management factors of plant being assessed. This work has been described in a series of publications (e.g., Bellamy et al., 1990 Hurst et al., 1991 Geyer et al., 1990 and Hurst et al., 1992). 

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