Mineral oil liquid petrolatum

Lubricant laxatives work by coating the stool, which allows it to be expelled more easily. The oily film covering the stool also keeps the stool from losing its water to intestinal reabsorption processes. Mineral oil (liquid petrolatum) is a non-prescription heavy oil that should be used with caution, if at all, since it may be aspirated into the lungs and cause lipoid pneumonia. This is of particular concern in the young or the elderly. 

Experiments with rats given oral doses of tritiated food-grade mineral oil provide supporting evidence that the absorption of hydrocarbons in mineral oils is limited. Five hours after dosing with 0.66 mL/kg of tritiated mineral oil ("liquid petrolatum U.S.P."), -75% of the administered radioactivity remained in the alimentary tract, and only 3% of the administered radioactivity was accounted for by radioactivity in other parts of the rat carcass (Ebert et al. 1966). About 80% of the administered radioactivity was recovered in feces during the first 2 days after treatment, and over 90% of the radioactivity in the feces was in the form of mineral oil. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that ingested mineral oil was poorly absorbed. Neither biliary excretion nor enterohepatic circulation of mineral oils was measured in this study, and thus, any quantitative estimates of the extent of absorption based on these data should be viewed as tentative. 

Experiments with rats given oral or intraperitoneal doses of tritiated mineral oil (Liquid Petrolatum USP) indicate that orally administered hydrocarbons in mineral oil are predominately excreted rapidly, unchanged, and unabsorbed in the feces and that absorbed mineral oil is slowly excreted in the feces (presumably via biliary excretion) (Ebert et al. 1966). 

If the substance has been dosed using a vehicle, the water solubility of the vehicle and the vehicle/water partition coefficient of the substance may affect the rate of uptake. Compounds delivered in aqueous media are likely to be absorbed more rapidly than those delivered in oils, and compounds delivered in oils that can be emulsified and digested, e.g., com oil or arachis oil are likely to be absorbed to a greater degree than those delivered in nondigestible mineral oil (liquid petrolatum). 

Synonym(s) Paraffin oils, Heavy mineral oil, Light mineral oil, Liquid paraffin, Aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbons, Liquid Vaseline, Paraffins, Paroleine, Liquid Petrolatum, White Mineral Oil, White Oils RTECS 1995 ATSDR 1997b... 

The lubricating ointments are composed of a mixture of white petrolatum, mineral oil, liquid or alcohol lanolin, and sometimes a preservative. These highly viscous formulations cause considerable blurring of vision, and consequently they are used primarily at bedtime, in critically ill patients, or in very severe dry-eye conditions. Such aqueous and ointment formulations are only fair substitutes for the precorneal tear film, which is truly a poorly understood lipid, aqueous, and mucin trilaminar barrier. 

SYNONYMS adepsine oil, alboline, crystosol, heavy liquid petrolatum, heavy mineral oil, liquid paraffin, liquid vaseline, paraffin oil, white mineral oil. 

Synonyms Heavy mineral oil Light mineral oil Liquid paraffin Liquid petrolatum Mineral oil, white... 

Synonyms Heavy mineral oil Light mineral oil Liquid paraffin Liquid petrolatum Mineral oil, white Oil mist, mineral Paraffin oil Paraffinum liquidum Petrolatum liquid Petroleum oil White mineral oil White oil Definition Liq. mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum by intensive treatment with sulfuric acid and oleum, or by hydrogenation, or a combination consists of predominantly C15-50 sat. hydrocarbons Properties Colorless transparent oily liq., odorless, tasteless insol. in water, alcohol sol, in benzene, chloroform, ether, petrol, ether, carbon disulfide, volatile oils dens, 0,83-0,86 (light), 0.875-0.905 (heavy) flash pt. (OC) 444 F surf tens. < 35 dynes/cm... 

Experiments with monkeys given intramuscular injections of a mineral oil emulsion with [l-14C] -hexa-decane tracer provide data illustrating that absorbed C-16 hydrocarbon (a major component of liquid petrolatum) is slowly metabolized to various classes of lipids (Bollinger 1970). Two days after injection, substantial portions of the radioactivity recovered in liver (30%), fat (42%), kidney (74%), spleen (81%), and ovary (90%) were unmetabolized -hexadecane. The remainder of the radioactivity was found as phospholipids, free fatty acids, triglycerides, and sterol esters. Essentially no radioactivity was found in the water-soluble or residue fractions. One or three months after injection, radioactivity still was detected only in the fat-soluble fractions of the various organs, but 80-98% of the detected radioactivity was found in non-hydrocarbon lipids. 

OILS, MISCELLANEOUS MINERAL Liquid petrolatum, White oil NL 0 1 0 ... 

Dexamethasone tobramycin Tobradex Mineral oil USP (liquid petrolatum), emulsifying wax, white petrolatum, propylene glycol... 

Pastes can be made with the same carrier liquids by simply increasing the concentration of powder to achieve a paste-like semi-solid consistency. More stable pastes are obtained by using a carrier which is inherently semi-solid, such as a grease, petrolatum (soft petroleum wax) or a semi-fluid polymer. The concentration of powder in a paste or a dispersion may be anything between 35 and 75%, depending on the application. The British military specification Def Stan 80-81/1 requires not less than 50% of molybdenum disulphide in a mineral oil grease for an anti-seize and anti-scuffing compound for use up to 250 C. This is probably a fairly typical level for anti-seize use. 

Ointments are commonly used for topical application of drugs to the eye.These vehicles are primarily mixtures of white petrolatum and liquid mineral oil with or without a water-miscible agent, such as lanolin.The mineral oil is added to the petrolatum to allow the vehicle to melt at body temperature, and the lanolin is added to the nonemulsive ointment base to absorb water. This allows for water and water-soluble drugs to be retained in the delivery system. Commercial ophthalmic ointments are derivatives of a hydrocarbon mixture of 60% petrolatum USP and 40% mineral oil USP, forming a molecular complex that is semisolid but melts at body temperature. In general, ointments are well tolerated by the ocular tissues, and when antibiotics are incorporated they are usually more stable in ointment than in solution. 

Avatech-, Drakeol heavy mineral oil heavy liquid petrolatum liquid petrolatum paraffin oil Sirius-, white mineral oil. 

Oil mist, mineral Paraffin oil Paraffinum liquidum Petrolatum liquid Petroleum oil White mineral oil White oil Definition Liq. mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum by intensive treatment with sulfuric acid and oleum, or by hydrogenation, or a combination consists of predominantly C15-50 sat. hydrocarbons... 

Petrolatum liquid. See Mineral oil Petrolatum white. See Petrolatum Petroleum asphalt. See Asphalt Petroleum benzin. See Naphtha Petroleum bitumen. See Asphalt Petroleum-derived naphtha. See Naphtha Petroleum distillate. See Petroleum distillates Petroleum distillate, hydrotreated middle. See Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated middle Petroleum distillate light See Petroleum distillates... 

Oils, Miscellaneous Mineral — (i) Chemical Designations — Synonyms Liquid petrolatum White oil Chemical Formula Not applicable (ii) Observable Characteristics — Physical State (as shipped) Liquid Color Colorless Odor Very faint (iii) Physical and Chemical Properties — Physical State at 15 C and I atm. Liquid Molecular Weight Not pertinent Boiling Point at I atm. Very high Freezing Point Not pertinent Critical Temperature Not pertinent Critical Pressure Not pertinent Specific Gravity 0.822 at 20 C (liquid) Vapor (Gas) Specific Gravity Not pertinent Ratio of Specific Heats of Vapor (Gas) Not pertinent ... 

Liquid alkanes with 9-17 carbon atoms have higher boiling points and are found in kerosene, diesel, and jet fnels. Motor oil is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and is used to lubricate the internal components of engines. Mineral oil is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and is used as a laxative and a lubricant. Alkanes with 18 or more carbon atoms are waxy solids at room temperatnre. Known as paraffins, these compounds are used in waxy coatings for fruits and vegetables to retain moisture, inhibit mold growth, and enhance appearance. Petrolatum, or Vaseline, is a semisolid mixtnre of liquid hydrocarbons with more than 25 carbon atoms nsed in ointments and cosmetics and as a lubricant. 

Linseed oil, butyl ester, epoxidized. See Epoxidized linseed oil, butyl ester Linseed oil, epoxidized. See Epoxidized linseed oil Linseed oil fatty acid. See Linseed acid Linseed oil triglycerides Uses Defoamer in food-contact paper/paperboard Regulatory FDA21CFR 176.210 Liquefied hydrocarbon gas. See Petroleum gases, liquefied Liquid bleach. See Sodium hypochlorite Liquid ethylene. See Ethylene Liquid paraffin Liquid petrolatum. See Mineral oil... 

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