Hydrocarbon gas, liquefied

LIQUEFIED HYDROCARBON GAS (68476-85-7) A mixture of propane, butane, and other flammable gases (flash point about - 100°F/—74°C flash point propane... 

SYNONYMS bottled gas, compressed petroleum gas, liquefied hydrocarbon gas, liquefied petroleum gas, LPG. 

Synonyms/Trade Names Bottled gas, Compressed petroleum gas, Liquefied hydrocarbon gas. Liquefied petroleum gas, LPG [Note A fuel mixture of propane, propylene, butanes butylenes.]... 

Hydrocarbon gases, compressed, n.o.s., 2.1 Hydrocarbon gas, liquefied, n.o.s., 2.1 Hydrocarbon gas mixture, compressed, n.o.s., 2.1 Hydrocarbon gas mixture, liquefied, n.o.s., 2.1 Hydrocarbon gas-powered small devices Hydrocarbon gas refills for small devices with release device, 2.1 Liquefied gases, non-flammable charged with nitrogen, carbon dioxide Liquefied gas, n.o.s., 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 5.1, 8 Liquefied hydrocarbon gas... 

Liquids, other than those classified as flammable, corrosive, or toxic, charged with nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or air Non-flammable gas, n.o.s. Non-liquefied gas Non-liquefied hydrocarbon gas Poisonous gases, n.o.s. Rare gases Rare gases, mixture, compressed, 2.2 Receptacles, small, containing gas without a release device, non-refillable,2.1,2.2, 2.3, 5.1, 8... 

Hydrocarbon Gas, Liquefied. Hydrocarbon gas from natural gas or from distillation of petroleum which are liquefied by pressure. ICAO A2... 

Linseed oil, butyl ester, epoxidized. See Epoxidized linseed oil, butyl ester Linseed oil, epoxidized. See Epoxidized linseed oil Linseed oil fatty acid. See Linseed acid Linseed oil triglycerides Uses Defoamer in food-contact paper/paperboard Regulatory FDA21CFR 176.210 Liquefied hydrocarbon gas. See Petroleum gases, liquefied Liquid bleach. See Sodium hypochlorite Liquid ethylene. See Ethylene Liquid paraffin Liquid petrolatum. See Mineral oil... 

In 1987 nonmotor fuel uses of butanes represented ca 16% of the total consumption. Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) is a mixture of butane and propane, typically in a ratio of 60 40 butane—propane however, the butane content can vary from 100 to 50% and less (see Liquefied petroleum gas). LPG is consumed as fuel in engines and in home, commercial, and industrial appHcations. Increasing amounts of LPG and butanes are used as feedstocks for substitute natural gas (SNG) plants (see Fuels, synthetic). / -Butane, propane, and isobutane are used alone or in mixture as hydrocarbon propellents in aerosols (qv). 

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). Certain specific hydrocarbons, such as propane, butane, pentane, and their mixtures, exist in the gaseous state under atmospheric ambient conditions but can be converted to the Hquid state under conditions of moderate pressure at ambient temperature. This is termed Hquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Liquefied petroleum gas (qv) is a refinery product and the individual constituents, or light ends (Table 4), are produced during a variety of refining operations. 

Liquefied Petroleum Gas The term liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is applied to certain specific hydrocarbons which can be liquefied under moderate pressure at normal temperatures but are gaseous under normal atmospheric conditions. The chief constituents of LPG are propane, propylene, butane, butylene, and isobutane. LPG produced in the separation of heavier hydrocarbons from natural gas is mainly of the paraffinic (saturated) series. LPG derived from oil-refinery gas may contain varying low amounts of olefinic (unsaturated) hydrocamons. 

Fuel modification in terms of volatility, hydrocarbon types, or additive content. Some of the fuels currently being used are liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), compressed natural gas (CNG), fuels with alcohol additives, and unleaded gasoline. The supply of some of these fuels is very limited. Other fuel problems involving storage, distribution, and power requirements have to be considered. 

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) Paraffin hydrocarbon gases comprising propane, butane, and pentanes derived from natural gas wells and from the petroleum refining process that remain as liquids when stored under pressure in tanks and bottles. 

The first step in a gas processing plant is to separate the components that are to be recovered from the gas into an NGL stream. It may then be desirable to fractionate the NGL stream into various liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) components of ethane, propane, iso-butane, or normal-butane. The LPG products are defined by their vapor pressure and must meet certain criteria as shown in Table 9-1. The unfractionated natural gas liquids product (NGL) is defined by the properties in Table 9-2. NGL is made up principally of pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons although it may contain some butanes and very small amounts of propane. It cannot contain heavy components that boil at more than 375°F. 

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) was involved in 17% of the incidents (see Chapter 8), followed by heavy oils (see Section 12.4), gasoline, hydrogen, and hydrocarbon gases. Heavy oils are involved in so many incidents because they are often handled above their auto-ignition temperature and because they are involved in foamovers. 

Higher molecular weight hydrocarbons present in natural gases are important fuels as well as chemical feedstocks and are normally recovered as natural gas liquids. For example, ethane may be separated for use as a feedstock for steam cracking for the production of ethylene. Propane and butane are recovered from natural gas and sold as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Before natural gas is used it must be processed or treated to remove the impurities and to recover the heavier hydrocarbons (heavier than methane). The 1998 U.S. gas consumption was approximately 22.5 trillion ft. ... 

Liquid propane is a selective hydrocarbon solvent used to separate paraffinic constituents in lube oil base stocks from harmful asphaltic materials. It is also a refrigerant for liquefying natural gas and used for the recovery of condensable hydrocarbons from natural gas. 

An amine absorber (Figure 1-15) removes the bulk of H2S from the sour gas. The sour gas leaving the sponge oil absorber usually flows into a separator that removes and liquefies hydrocarbon from vapors. The gas from the separator flows to the bottom of the HjS contactor where it contacts a countercurrent flow of the cooled lean amine from the regenerator. The treated fuel gas leaves the top of the HjS absorber, goes to a settler drum for the removal of entrained solvent, and then flows to the fuel system. 

A gas-liquid-particle process termed cold hydrogenation has been developed for this purpose. The hydrogenation is carried out in fixed-bed operation, the liquefied hydrocarbon feed trickling downwards in a hydrogen atmosphere over the solid catalyst, which may be a noble metal catalyst on an inert carrier. Typical process conditions are a temperature of 10°-20°C and a pressure of 2.5-7 atm gauge. The hourly throughput is as high as 20-kg hydrocarbon feed per liter of catalyst volume. 

At later times, solar heat fluxes and convective heat transfer from the atmosphere become important. For a spill onto an insulated dike floor these fluxes may be the only energy contributions. This approach seems to work adequately for liquefied natural gas (LNG) and perhaps for ethane and ethylene. The higher hydrocarbons (C3 and above) require a more detailed heat transfer mechanism. This model also neglects possible water freezing effects in the ground, which can significantly alter the heat transfer behavior. More details on boiling pools is provided elsewhere.19... 

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) - Hydrocarbon fractions lighter than gasoline, such as ethane, propane, and butane, kept in a liquid state through compression and/or refrigeration, commonly referred to as "bottled... 

Above a certain, critical, pressure the hydrocarbon gas condenses we say it reaches the dew point, when droplets of liquid first form. The proportion of the gas liquefying increases with increased pressure until, eventually, all of it has liquefied. 

Those hydrocarbons that exist in the reservoir as constituents of natural gas, but which are - according to their vapour pressures - recovered as liquids (propane and butane) at the surface, are generally referred to as natural gas liquids and comprise condensate as well as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). 

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is composed of propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10) and is stored under pressure in order to keep these hydrocarbons liquefied at normal atmospheric temperatures. Before liquefied petroleum gas is burned, it passes through a pressure relief valve that causes a reduction in pressure and the liquid vaporizes (gasifies). Winter-grade liquefied petroleum gas is mostly... 

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