IGF-I insulin-like growth factor

Kanagaraj, P., Vijayababu, M.R., Ravisankar, B. et al. 2007. Effect of lycopene on insulin-like growth factor-I, IGF binding protein-3 and IGF type-I receptor in prostate cancer cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 133 351-359. 

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has a well recognized role as a trophic and survival factor for nervous system cells in tissue culture [26]. However, its specific functions in the developing and mature nervous system have been difficult to define largely because its actions as a trophic... 

Fulvestrant has been reported to decrease both insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) stimulated cell growth and IGF-I receptor mRNA (Huynh et al. 1996). Moreover, in the human fetal osteoblast cell line (hFOB/ER9 cells), both ICI 164384 and fulvestrant blocked the estradiol-induced increase in IGF-I mRNA levels (Kassem et al. 1998). 

One possible mechanism responsible for the ability of trenbolone acetate to stimulate skeletal muscle hypertrophy may be through enhanced proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells as the result of increased sensitivity to insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) and fibroblast growth factor (43). 

The effects of treatment with selegiline, an MAO-B inhibitor, on plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) (as indicator of GH secretion), levels of monoamines and their metabolites, and the activity and content of tyrosine hydroxylase — the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of catecholamines — in the hypothalamus and hypophysis of old animals have been studied. It is believed that the antiaging effects of selegiline are due to restoration of hypothalamic hormones. 

Growth hormone is a peptide hormone produced by the anterior pituitary. It produces growth at open epiphyses via stimulation of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I, somatomedin C). It also causes lipolysis in adipose tissue and growth of skeletal muscle. 

The PI3-K pathway (Brazil and Hemmings, 2001) is physiologically activated by several neurotrophins, such as BDNF, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and... 

Hemandez-Sanchez C, Werner H, Roberts CT Jr, Woo EJ, Hum DW, Rosenthal SM, LeRoith D. 1997. Differential regulation of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptor gene expression by IGF-I and basic fibroblastic growth factor. J Biol Chem 272 4663-4670. 

Meng D, Shi X, Jiang BH, Fang J. 2007. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) induces epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation and cell proliferation through reactive oxygen species. Free Radio Biol Med 42 1651-1660. 

W3. Wang, Y. Z., and Wong, Y. C., Sex hormone-induced prostatic carcinogenesis in die noble rat die role of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the development of prostate cancer. Prostate 35, 165—177 (1998). 

Varela-Nieto I, Morales-Garcia JA, Vigil P, Diaz-Casares A, Gorospe I, Sanchez-Gahano S, Canon S, Camarero G, Contreras J, Cediel R, Leon Y (2004) Trophic effects of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the inner ear. Hear Res 196 19-25. 

HOMOLOGY OF INSULIN- AND INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I (IGF-I)... 

In addition to small molecules, a number of protein therapeutic agents, such as neurotrophic factors27 and insulin,28 have been successfully delivered to the CNS using IN delivery in a variety of species. The therapeutic benefit of IN delivery of proteins has been demonstrated by Liu et al. in rat stroke models.29 Their studies demonstrated that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) could be delivered to the brain directly from the nasal cavity, even though IGF-I did not cross the BBB efficiently by itself. As a consequence, IN IGF-I markedly reduced infarct volume and improved neurological function following focal cerebral ischemia. Research in... 

At the cellular and molecular level, the binding of insulin to a specific membrane spanning receptor initiates a signal transduction cascade which ultimately produces the biological actions of the hormone. The insulin receptor is a tetrameric protein comprised of two a subunits that bind to insulin and two j3 subunits that are linked by disulfide bonds (55,56), and belongs to a subfamily of receptor typrosine kinases which also includes the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptor. The a subunits are extracellularly located, while (S subunits span the membrane and have... 

Holzenberger, M. and Lapointe, F. Expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-II in the avian brain relationship of in situ hybridisation patterns with IG F type 1 receptor expression. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci., 2000, 18, 69—82. 

Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) 70 Y Cartilage, liver, et al. 

Hatton J, Rapp RP, Kudsk KA, et al. Intravenous insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in moderate-to-severe head injury A phase 11 safety and efficacy trial. J Neurosurg 1997 86 779-786. 

M. M., Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) stimulates tyrosine kinase activity in purified receptors fiom a rat liver cell line. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 119, 6-13 (1984). 

Liu, J. P., Baker, J., et al. (1993). Mice carrying null mutations of the genes encoding insulin-like growth factor I (Igf-1) and type 1 IGF receptor (Igflr). Cell 75(1) 59-72. 

Keywords Nerve growth factor (NGF) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GNTF) Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) Death receptors... 

The only potential human health concern related to cows treated with BST was the possible increase in the level of a second peptide hormone related to the action of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). IGF-I is a 70 amino acid peptide and, in many respects, is structurally similar to insulin. When the milk from BST-treated cows was assayed for IGF-I, it had concentrations comparable to that found in human breast milk and well within normal levels of biological exposure. Since it is a large peptide similar to insulin and BST, IGF-I also is not absorbed after oral administration for all the reasons discussed above. However, there was still concern regarding its presence in infant formula because of the increased exposure and vulnerability of babies. Further studies showed that any IGF-I present in milk from normal or BST-treated cows was destroyed in the formula manufacturing process. Again the safety of BST-treated milk was demonstrated ... 

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