Glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic

BDNF, brain derived neurotrophic factor CBF, cerebral blood flow GDNF, glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor NGF, nerve growth factor TfR, transferrin receptor VIP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. 

Glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)... 

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) represent the most recently discovered members of the neurotrophic factor family. These, however, display no homology to the neurotrophins previously discussed. 

Many approaches have been taken in therapy of Parkinson disease. As mentioned on p. 1790 enhancing dopamine production by administration of L-dopa or by use of MAO inhibitors is a standard treattment. Experimental gene therapy with a glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor also appears promising.1174 1175... 

Dozens of neurotrophic factors regulate the survival of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems (Table 1—3). A veritable alphabet soup of neurotrophic factors contributes to the brain broth of chemicals that bathe and nourish nerve cells. Some are related to nerve growth factor (NGF), others to glial cell line—derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and still others to various other neurotrophic factors (Table 1—3). Some neurotrophic factors can trigger neurons to commit cellular suicide by making them fall on their apoptotic swords. The brain seems to choose which nerves live or die partially by whether a neurotrophic factor nourishes them... 

GDNF Glial cell line—derived neurotrophic factors including neurturin, c-REF, and R-alpha... 

Mandel, R. J. et al. (1997). Midbrain injection of recombinant adeno-associated virus encoding rat glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor protects nigral neurons in a progressive 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration model of Parkinson s disease in rats. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94(25), 14083-14088. 

Nutt, J. G. et al. (2003). Randomized, double-blind trial of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in PD. Neurology 60(1), 69-73. 

Wang, L. J. et al. (2002b). Neuroprotective effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor mediated by an adeno-associated virus vector in a transgenic animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J. Neurosci. 22 (16), 6920-6928. 

Ngan, E. S., Shum, C. K., Poon, H. C., Sham, M. H., Garcia-Barcelo, M. M., Lui, V. C., and Tam, P. K. (2008). Prokinetidn-1 (ProK-1) works coordinately with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to mediate proliferation and differentiation of enteric neural crest cell. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. Mol. Cell Res. 1783, 467-478. 

Batchelor PE, Liberatore GT, Wong JY, Porritt MJ, Frerichs F, Donnan GA, Howells DW (1999) Activated macrophages and microglia induce dopaminergic sprouting in the injured striatum and express brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. J Neurosci 79 1708-1716. 

Broome JD, Wills KV, Lapchak PA, Ghetti B, Camp LL, Bayer SA (1999) Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor protects midbrain dopamine neurons from the lethal action of the weaver gene a quantitative immunocytochemical study. Dev Brain Res 116 1-7. 

Costa S, Iravani MM, Pearce RK, Jenner P (2001) Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor concentration dependently improves disability and motor activity in MPTP-treated common marmosets. Eur J Pharmacol 412 45-50. 

Rosenblad C, Martinez-Serrano A, Bjorklund A (1998) Intrastriatal glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor promotes sprouting of spared nigrostriatal dopaminergic afferents and induces recovery of function in a rat model of Parkinson s disease. Neuroscience 62 129 137. 

Issa PC, Lever IJ, Michael GJ, Bradbury EJ, Malcangio M (2001) IntrathecaUy delivered glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor produces electrically evoked release of somatostatin in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. J Neurochem 78 221-229 Ito K, Yoshikawa M, Maeda M, Jin XL, TakahasM S, Matsuda M, Tamaki R, Kobayashi H, Suzuki T, Hashimoto A (2008) Midazolam attenuates the anfinodception induced by D-serine or morphine at the supraspinal level in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 586 139-144 Ito S, Okuda-Ashitaka E, Minami T (2001) Central and peripheral roles of prostaglandins in pain and their interactions with novel neuropeptides nociceptin and nocistatin. Neurosci Res 41 299-332... 

Nagano M, Sakai A, Takahashi N, Umino M, Yoshioka K, Suzuki M (2003) Decreased expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in rat models of neuropathic pain. Br J Pharmacol 140 1252-1260... 

Currendy, there are six members of the neurotrophin family, including nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor, (GDNF), and neurturin , which is structurally related to GDNF," 3 as well as several neurotrophins, NT-3, -4, and -5. 

L. F. Lin, D. H. Doherty, J. D. Lile, S. Bektesh, and F. Collins. GDNF a glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor for midbrain dopaminergic neurons [see comments]. Science, 260 (5), 1130-1132,... 

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